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ULTEM™ RESIN – TAKING THE HEAT

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Kaylen Wong
Kaylen Wong

High heat resistance is ULTEM™ resin’s signature property. But there’s a lot to understand about short- and long-term temperature performance—and how it applies to different industries and applications. For a short tutorial on glass transition temperature (Tg), continuous use temperature (CUT), heat deflection temperature (HDT) and relative thermal index (RTI), check out this #SABIC presentation. You’ll learn why #ULTEM resin can take the heat—while retaining strength and stiffness.

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1 ULTEM resin has excellent resistance to short and long term heat exposure and is therefore a candidate material for applications where high heat meets strength and stiffness requirements for improved mechanical and dimensional performance. What technical parameters do we usually look at when reviewing heat resistance? ULTEM™ RESIN – TAKING THE HEAT Tg: Measure of the glass transition temperature when the amorphous/glassy fraction of a polymer starts to soften. Tm: Measure of the melt temperature where a crystalline fraction of a polymer starts to melt. CUT (Continuous Use Temperature): Measure of the highest temperature at which materials can be used continuously for an extended period without significant problems such as oxidation, chemical change, excessive creep, loss of strength or other primary properties for which the material is normally used. Vicat and HDT (Heat Deflection Temperature): Measure of the temperature at which the test bars reach certain deformation under load. RTI (Relative Thermal Index): Measure of the temperature at which 50% of electrical, tensile or impact strength properties remain to give a long term temperature rating according to UL746B for electrical equipment.
2 MATERIAL BEHAVIOR OVER A TEMPERATURE RANGE Tg Stiff Flow Rubbery No Flow Some CrystalsTg Solid, Locked Entanglements Solid, Some Ordered Chain Structure Easier Flow Easier Flow Tm Raise Temperature of Polymer • Tg = Glass transition temperature, the amorphous/glassy fraction starts to soften • Tm = Melting Temperature of the crystalline fraction of a polymer 10 100 1000 10000 50 100 150 200 250 300 Temperature [ºC] Modulus[MPa](stiffness) ULTEM resin PPS EXTEM resin DMA Curves for Unfilled Resins Tg Tg Tm Tg The typical behavior of materials changes as the temperature increases. The glass transition temperature (Tg) is the temperature range where a thermoplastic changes from a hard, rigid state to a more stiff flow and rubbery consistency. This is not to be confused with the melting temperature (Tm) of a crystalline fraction of a polymer. On the right, you see the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), comparison for amorphous ULTEM™ and EXTEM™ resins compared to a semi-crystalline PPS.
3 0 200 300 Temperature[°C] Application Lifetime [h] USE TEMPERATURES 100 AUTOMOTIVE: Under-the-hood Application ELECTRONICS: Bobbins HEALTHCARE: Sterilization Tray Peak Temperature CUT Temperature Short term In use term 23 To understand heat performance, it is important to know that not all temperature exposures are the same. ULTEM™ resin is meeting requirements in several industries and applications. For example, healthcare sterilization requirements expose trays to 134ºC for ten to twenty minutes for up to 1000 cycles. In contrast, the continuous use temperature for electrical bobbins can be at 135ºC for twenty thousand hours. A typical automotive under-the-hood application with a continuous use temperature of 120ºC for three thousand hours can have peak exposures of up to 150ºC for 500 hours. Heat performance criteria and requirements may be industry specific.
4 HEAT DEFLECTION (HDT) Heat Deflection Temp (HDT) ISO, 1.8MPa 190 200 220 195 179 201 127 141 138 75 104 210 215 212 186 216 147 316 265 210 255 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 UNFILLED 30% GF Heat deflection temperature is a short term heat – load resistance test. These tests are depending on conditions such as load, span and shape of the tested part. In amorphous materials, such as ULTEM™ and EXTEM™ resins, glass fillers give a small raise in HDT. In semi-crystalline materials, glass fiber gives a big jump in HDT. ULTEM resin, being amorphous, provides a high performance versus unreinforced semi crystalline solutions. Semi-crystalline solutions provide a high HDT when reinforced. Please bear in mind that this performance is stress and time dependent (creep) where amorphous materials are less sensitive to this.
5 RELATIVE THERMAL INDEX (RTI) Relative Thermal Index, RTI (UL746B): The Relative Thermal Index is a long-term temperature rating for electrical equipment and is defined by the UL 746 B standard. It defines the temperature at which, after 10 years of exposure, the material has lost 50% of its performance, such as tensile strength. This is an accelerated test with data collected for about 1 year before the final results are extrapolated. ULTEM™ resins perform very well under long-term heat aging and may outperform semi-crystalline solutions like polyamides and amorphous solutions like polycarbonates and polysulphones. 170 180 155 130 200 130 140 105 180 190 160 130 200 200 120 140 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 PEI PES PSU PC PEEK PPS PAA PA4,6 sPS UNFILLED 30% GF
6 WANT TO KNOW MORE? DISCLAIMER: Any sale by SABIC, its subsidiaries and affiliates (each a “seller”), is made exclusively under seller’s standard conditions of sale (available upon request) unless agreed otherwise in writing and signed on behalf of the seller. While the information contained herein is given in good faith, SELLER MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING MERCHANTABILITY AND NONINFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, NOR ASSUMES ANY LIABILITY, DIRECT OR INDIRECT, WITH RESPECT TO THE PERFORMANCE, SUITABILITY OR FITNESS FOR INTENDED USE OR PURPOSE OF THESE PRODUCTS IN ANY APPLICATION. Each customer must determine the suitability of seller materials for the customer’s particular use through appropriate testing and analysis. No statement by seller concerning a possible use of any product, service or design is intended, or should be construed, to grant any license under any patent or other intellectual property right. SABIC and brands marked with ™ are trademarks of SABIC or its subsidiaries or affiliates, unless otherwise noted. © 2020 Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC). All Rights Reserved. Any brands, products or services of other companies referenced in this document are the trademarks, service marks and/or trade names of their respective holders. Feel free to contact us: https://www.sabic.com/en/about/locations Find more information on our website: www.SABIC.com

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ULTEM™ RESIN – TAKING THE HEAT

  • 1. 1 ULTEM resin has excellent resistance to short and long term heat exposure and is therefore a candidate material for applications where high heat meets strength and stiffness requirements for improved mechanical and dimensional performance. What technical parameters do we usually look at when reviewing heat resistance? ULTEM™ RESIN – TAKING THE HEAT Tg: Measure of the glass transition temperature when the amorphous/glassy fraction of a polymer starts to soften. Tm: Measure of the melt temperature where a crystalline fraction of a polymer starts to melt. CUT (Continuous Use Temperature): Measure of the highest temperature at which materials can be used continuously for an extended period without significant problems such as oxidation, chemical change, excessive creep, loss of strength or other primary properties for which the material is normally used. Vicat and HDT (Heat Deflection Temperature): Measure of the temperature at which the test bars reach certain deformation under load. RTI (Relative Thermal Index): Measure of the temperature at which 50% of electrical, tensile or impact strength properties remain to give a long term temperature rating according to UL746B for electrical equipment.
  • 2. 2 MATERIAL BEHAVIOR OVER A TEMPERATURE RANGE Tg Stiff Flow Rubbery No Flow Some CrystalsTg Solid, Locked Entanglements Solid, Some Ordered Chain Structure Easier Flow Easier Flow Tm Raise Temperature of Polymer • Tg = Glass transition temperature, the amorphous/glassy fraction starts to soften • Tm = Melting Temperature of the crystalline fraction of a polymer 10 100 1000 10000 50 100 150 200 250 300 Temperature [ºC] Modulus[MPa](stiffness) ULTEM resin PPS EXTEM resin DMA Curves for Unfilled Resins Tg Tg Tm Tg The typical behavior of materials changes as the temperature increases. The glass transition temperature (Tg) is the temperature range where a thermoplastic changes from a hard, rigid state to a more stiff flow and rubbery consistency. This is not to be confused with the melting temperature (Tm) of a crystalline fraction of a polymer. On the right, you see the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), comparison for amorphous ULTEM™ and EXTEM™ resins compared to a semi-crystalline PPS.
  • 3. 3 0 200 300 Temperature[°C] Application Lifetime [h] USE TEMPERATURES 100 AUTOMOTIVE: Under-the-hood Application ELECTRONICS: Bobbins HEALTHCARE: Sterilization Tray Peak Temperature CUT Temperature Short term In use term 23 To understand heat performance, it is important to know that not all temperature exposures are the same. ULTEM™ resin is meeting requirements in several industries and applications. For example, healthcare sterilization requirements expose trays to 134ºC for ten to twenty minutes for up to 1000 cycles. In contrast, the continuous use temperature for electrical bobbins can be at 135ºC for twenty thousand hours. A typical automotive under-the-hood application with a continuous use temperature of 120ºC for three thousand hours can have peak exposures of up to 150ºC for 500 hours. Heat performance criteria and requirements may be industry specific.
  • 4. 4 HEAT DEFLECTION (HDT) Heat Deflection Temp (HDT) ISO, 1.8MPa 190 200 220 195 179 201 127 141 138 75 104 210 215 212 186 216 147 316 265 210 255 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 UNFILLED 30% GF Heat deflection temperature is a short term heat – load resistance test. These tests are depending on conditions such as load, span and shape of the tested part. In amorphous materials, such as ULTEM™ and EXTEM™ resins, glass fillers give a small raise in HDT. In semi-crystalline materials, glass fiber gives a big jump in HDT. ULTEM resin, being amorphous, provides a high performance versus unreinforced semi crystalline solutions. Semi-crystalline solutions provide a high HDT when reinforced. Please bear in mind that this performance is stress and time dependent (creep) where amorphous materials are less sensitive to this.
  • 5. 5 RELATIVE THERMAL INDEX (RTI) Relative Thermal Index, RTI (UL746B): The Relative Thermal Index is a long-term temperature rating for electrical equipment and is defined by the UL 746 B standard. It defines the temperature at which, after 10 years of exposure, the material has lost 50% of its performance, such as tensile strength. This is an accelerated test with data collected for about 1 year before the final results are extrapolated. ULTEM™ resins perform very well under long-term heat aging and may outperform semi-crystalline solutions like polyamides and amorphous solutions like polycarbonates and polysulphones. 170 180 155 130 200 130 140 105 180 190 160 130 200 200 120 140 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 PEI PES PSU PC PEEK PPS PAA PA4,6 sPS UNFILLED 30% GF
  • 6. 6 WANT TO KNOW MORE? DISCLAIMER: Any sale by SABIC, its subsidiaries and affiliates (each a “seller”), is made exclusively under seller’s standard conditions of sale (available upon request) unless agreed otherwise in writing and signed on behalf of the seller. While the information contained herein is given in good faith, SELLER MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING MERCHANTABILITY AND NONINFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, NOR ASSUMES ANY LIABILITY, DIRECT OR INDIRECT, WITH RESPECT TO THE PERFORMANCE, SUITABILITY OR FITNESS FOR INTENDED USE OR PURPOSE OF THESE PRODUCTS IN ANY APPLICATION. Each customer must determine the suitability of seller materials for the customer’s particular use through appropriate testing and analysis. No statement by seller concerning a possible use of any product, service or design is intended, or should be construed, to grant any license under any patent or other intellectual property right. SABIC and brands marked with ™ are trademarks of SABIC or its subsidiaries or affiliates, unless otherwise noted. © 2020 Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC). All Rights Reserved. Any brands, products or services of other companies referenced in this document are the trademarks, service marks and/or trade names of their respective holders. Feel free to contact us: https://www.sabic.com/en/about/locations Find more information on our website: www.SABIC.com