Understanding the brain of every day life Derar Aldabek
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This document presents 3 case studies from a neurosurgical resident to demonstrate applications of neurobiology concepts: 1) A 55-year-old patient presented with vision loss and was found to have a pituitary tumor compressing the frontal lobe, causing agitation and disinhibited behavior post-surgery due to frontal lobe edema. 2) A 24-year-old man had a brain contusion in the motor area from a car accident, which likely caused his convulsions. 3) A 36-year-old man fell from heights and had a spinal cord transection at C5, resulting in quadriplegia below that level.
Understanding the brain of every day life Derar Aldabek
- 1. UNDERSTANDING THE BRAIN: THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF EVERYDAY LIFE
- 2. INTRODUCTION This is Derar Aldabek, a neurosurgical resident at Saudi German Hospital. I will be presenting real cases that I myself admitted to our hospital days and weeks ago. I hope they comply with your Neurobiology of Everyday Life.
- 3. CASE PRESENTATION 1 On 19th may 2015 we did an operation for a 55 years old patient who previously was transferred to our neurosurgery clinic and was complaining of bitemporal hemianopia (loss of lateral visual field in each eye). Magnetic resonance imaging was done and showed a suprasellar mass pointing to a pituitary macroadenoma. We did the operation and we removed the tumor. We only could reach to it by compressing the FRONTAL LOBE posteriorly (backward). After recovery, the patient woke up and started to be severely agitated and irritable. He was fighting with everyone. That was due to frontal lobe edema post compression. Conclusion: Partial or complete loss of frontal lobe function might leave the patient disinhibited and agitated, since the FL is a center of social disinhibition and the factory of human logic.
- 4. CASE PRESENTATION 2 24 years old male patient presented to emergency department post road traffic accident. Patient was unconscious, had 3 bouts of vomiting, AND TWO (2) ATTACKS of CONVULSIONS. Neurosurgery team was consulted. Computed tomography scan (CT scan) was done and revealed a right precentral (fronto-pariatal) brain contusion. (motor area) Conclusion: Lesions affecting the brain’s motor area might lead to either upper motor neuron diseases, or convulsions.
- 5. CASE PRESENTATION 3 36 years old male patient presented to ER post falling from 2 floors height. Patient was conscious and oriented. On examination, the patient had quadriplegia. CT scan was done and revealed severe 5th cervical vertebra dislocation that resulted in cord transection at that level. Patient had some other simple and compound fractures and contusions spread all over his body. Patient still can ventilate himself adequately. Conclusion: spinal cord transection at any of the cervical vertebrae will cause quadriplegia if below c5, and will cause that in addition to breathing cessation if above c5 level.
- 6. THANK YOU