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Understanding WMI

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Karthick Jokirathinam
Karthick Jokirathinam

WMI (Windows Management Instrumentation) is a framework for managing Windows systems. It includes components like a repository, namespaces, classes, objects, and methods. WMI was introduced in Windows 2000 and is used for tasks like retrieving installed applications, adding users to groups, and rebooting computers remotely. It can be explored using tools like WMI Control and WBEMTest. Issues with WMI can be troubleshooted by checking error codes, logs, and using tools like WMIDiag to check health. Potential fixes include re-registering WMI modules, recompiling MOF files, and rebuilding the WMI repository as a last resort.

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UNDERSTANDING WMI
OVERVIEW What is WMI? Exploring WMI Troubleshooting WMI WMI Error Codes Why do we care
WHAT IS WMI? History Uses Components Repository Namespace Class Object Method
HISTORY AND USES Introduced and available in Windows Millennium , XP, Vista and later Operating system. Was add on Windows 98, 94 Very handy for script and programming Ex. Get the installed applications, add users to group, Reboot the computer remotely
SQL server WMI COMPONENTS REPOSITORY
NAMESPACE WMI SQL SERVER
CLASSES WMI SQL SERVER
OBJECTS WITH IN CLASSES WMI SQL SERVER
METHOD WMI SQL SERVER
EXPLORING WMI WMI Control , WBEMTest File System Registry
WMI CONTROL Can be accessed via compmgmt.msc Logged tab disabled in 2008 & 2012
WMI FILE SYSTEM BACKUP AND REGISTRY SETTINGS
WBEMTEST This is a tool to access WMI and view data. CIMV2 is root level namespace Create & Delete classes, run query Attached CDROMDrive Details
WBEMTEST Local User account details
TROUBLESHOOTING WMI Verify error code - 8004xxxxxx WMI Logs WMIDiag Reregister WMI Modules Recompile WMI MOFs Rebuild WMI LAST OPTION
WMI ERROR CODES First, you need to check error codes. All WMI Error starts with 0x8004xxx Log Location: C:WindowsSystem32Wbemlogs
WMIDIAG Its a free tool, available in Microsoft Download Link : https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/askperf/2015/05/12/wmidiag- 2-2-is-here/ Looks whether WMI is healthy or not and within WMI like Namespaces are healthy or corrupted
RE-REGISTER WMI MODULES Re-register all *.dlls under Webem directory
RECOMPILE WMI MOFS Bunch of Mofs needs to recompiled to become WMI healthy. This command re-compile all Mof files. If there is problem with specific namespace (like SMS,CIMv2)we can take specific mofs and recompile it. MOF files only become effective when the files are compiled Mofcomp.exe used to compile Mof files
REBUILD REPOSITORY Stop WMI service and rename Repository folder under Wbem folder and start WMI service. It is the last option and it resets the repository fresh. Very quick to do that but dont necessarily fix anything. Need to find Root cause and fix the problem. Can take backup of WMI and restore it to anyother computer to find what is going on
WHY DO WE CARE? Core Dependency for Servers and clients SCCM Administrator console Engine to access database Storage of client data and settings
SCCM CLIENT INSTALLATION THROUGH WMI
Understanding WMI
Understanding WMI
Understanding WMI
Understanding WMI

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Understanding WMI

  • 2. OVERVIEW What is WMI? Exploring WMI Troubleshooting WMI WMI Error Codes Why do we care
  • 3. WHAT IS WMI? History Uses Components Repository Namespace Class Object Method
  • 4. HISTORY AND USES Introduced and available in Windows Millennium , XP, Vista and later Operating system. Was add on Windows 98, 94 Very handy for script and programming Ex. Get the installed applications, add users to group, Reboot the computer remotely
  • 5. SQL server WMI COMPONENTS REPOSITORY
  • 8. OBJECTS WITH IN CLASSES WMI SQL SERVER
  • 10. EXPLORING WMI WMI Control , WBEMTest File System Registry
  • 11. WMI CONTROL Can be accessed via compmgmt.msc Logged tab disabled in 2008 & 2012
  • 12. WMI FILE SYSTEM BACKUP AND REGISTRY SETTINGS
  • 13. WBEMTEST This is a tool to access WMI and view data. CIMV2 is root level namespace Create & Delete classes, run query Attached CDROMDrive Details
  • 14. WBEMTEST Local User account details
  • 15. TROUBLESHOOTING WMI Verify error code - 8004xxxxxx WMI Logs WMIDiag Reregister WMI Modules Recompile WMI MOFs Rebuild WMI LAST OPTION
  • 16. WMI ERROR CODES First, you need to check error codes. All WMI Error starts with 0x8004xxx Log Location: C:WindowsSystem32Wbemlogs
  • 17. WMIDIAG Its a free tool, available in Microsoft Download Link : https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/askperf/2015/05/12/wmidiag- 2-2-is-here/ Looks whether WMI is healthy or not and within WMI like Namespaces are healthy or corrupted
  • 18. RE-REGISTER WMI MODULES Re-register all *.dlls under Webem directory
  • 19. RECOMPILE WMI MOFS Bunch of Mofs needs to recompiled to become WMI healthy. This command re-compile all Mof files. If there is problem with specific namespace (like SMS,CIMv2)we can take specific mofs and recompile it. MOF files only become effective when the files are compiled Mofcomp.exe used to compile Mof files
  • 20. REBUILD REPOSITORY Stop WMI service and rename Repository folder under Wbem folder and start WMI service. It is the last option and it resets the repository fresh. Very quick to do that but dont necessarily fix anything. Need to find Root cause and fix the problem. Can take backup of WMI and restore it to anyother computer to find what is going on
  • 21. WHY DO WE CARE? Core Dependency for Servers and clients SCCM Administrator console Engine to access database Storage of client data and settings