This document provides a grammar summary in English, covering topics such as pronouns, the verb "to be", possessives, articles, plurals, demonstratives, phonetic symbols, vocabulary (numbers, days of week, countries and nationalities, common objects, classroom items), and more words to learn (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs). It includes links to additional online resources. The summary is presented in a table format with explanations and examples.
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Unit 1 basic level 1 c
1. UNIT 1 PAQUI YAIZA SALVA LOLI GRAMMAR VOCABULARY PRONUNCIATION
2. GRAMMAR FILE 1 PRONOUNS: I YOU HE SHE IT WE YOU THEY
3. GRAMMAR FILE 1 Verb TO BE AFFIRMATIVE FULL FORM CONTRACTION I am I´m You are You´re It is It´s He is He´s She is She´s We are We´re You are You´re They are They´re
4. Examples AFFIRMATIVE VERB TO BE I am a student. - I´m a student. She is a nurse. - She´s a nurse. We are in Italian. - We´re in Italian. It is my red car. – It´s my red car. He is a good teacher. - He´s a good teacher. They are bad footballplayers. – They´re bad foorballplayers. You are on holidays. – You´re on holidays. - She is my girlfriend. – She´s my girlfriend.
5. Verb TO BE NEGATIVE FULL FORM CONTRACTION I am not I´m not You are not You´re not He is not He´s not She is not She´s not It is not It´s not We are not We´re not You are not You´re not They are not They´re not
6. Examples NEGATIVE VERB TO BE -I am English. – I´m not English. -You are not in Italian. – You aren´t in Italian. -He is not a bad man. – He isn´t a bad man. -She is not in level 2. – She isn´t in level 2. -It is not a big house. – It isn´t a big house. -We are not from American. – We aren´t from American. -You are not children. – You aren´t children. -They are not Brazilian. – They aren´t Brazilian.
7. Verb TO BE INTERROGATIVE EXAMPLES Am I?. - Am I in hospital? Are you?. - How old are you?. Is he?. - Is he your friend?. Is she?. - Is she Chinese? Is it?. - Is it a new table?. Are we?. - Are we in Spain?. Are you?. - Are you at home?. Are they?. - Are they hard boys?.
8. POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES MY, YOUR, HIS, HER, ITS, OUR, YOUR,THEIR - My family is very big. - Is this your brother?. - What´s his name?. - Her surname is Jackson. - Madrid is famous for its lions of the congress. - Our grandparents live in Barcelona. - Your job is very important. - Their names are Peter and Mary.
9. INDEFINITE ARTICLE a / an Use "a / an" before a singular noun: a table / a dog / an orange / an apple Before jobs: I am a carpenter / You are an actor Before quantity expressions: a lot / a little Before numbers: a hundred / a thousand Before price, speed: 10$ a kilo / 10 miles an hour Use an with a noun beginning with a vowel. an e-mail / an apple / an egg / an elephant / an angel / an orange
10. NEVER USE a / an : Before plural nouns: a tables / a books / a pencils / an umbrellas NO a table / a book / a pencil / an aumbrella YES Before no count nouns: a water / a milk NO a glass of water / a glass of milk YES
11. DEFINITE ARTICLE the Use the with singular and plural nouns and when we know which: Open the door / Close the windows / Give me the books / The girl has a dress/ The film is very long/ The jacket is pink/ The houses are very expensive/ The music of the sixties. Before nationalities: the Italian / the Spanish / the Poland / the German / … Before adjectives as generic nouns: The rich are happy .(los ricos son felices) / The blind need help . (los ciegos necesitan ayuda) Before nouns with a collective meaning: the police / the army / the cinema / the radio
12. DEFINITE ARTICLE the NEVER USE the when it has a generic meaning: Music is life. Before continents, countries and cities: Africa / Spain / New York Before people´s names: Peter / Edward / Mary Before abstract nouns: Life is beautiful. Before games and sports: I play football. With plural generic nouns: Men are strong.
13. PLURALS Add -s to make plural nouns: elephant elephant s / book book s / girl girl s car car s / stereo stereo s / bag bag s mobile mobile s / cup cup s Add -s when word finishes in vowel + y (ay, ey, iy, oy, uy) day day s / tray tray s / way way s / key key s boy boy s / toy toy s / buy buy s / play play s Add -ies when word finishes in consonant + y (y----i + es) enemy enem ies /baby bab ies / army arm ies / phony phon ies / country contr ies / city cit ies
14. PLURALS Add -es when word finishes in s, ss, sh, ch, x watch watch es / finish finish es / ash ash es catch catch es / flux flux es / fuss fuss es kiss kiss es Add -ves when word finishes in f, fe knife kni ves / half hal ves wife wi ves / calf cal ves
15. SINGULAR PLURAL SPELLING - a table - table s - a key - key s add -s - a plane - plane s - a match - match es add- es after - a box - box es ch,sh,s,ss,x. - a glass - glass es - a study - stud ies - a country - countr ies consonat + y -> ies - a nationality - nationalit ies
16. DEMOSTRATIVE ARTICLES THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE. Use THIS/THAT (singular) for things near you. - This pencil is mine. - That car is blue. - This is my book. - That is your car. Use THESE/THOSE (plural) for things far away. - These are some books. - Those are children very intelligent. - These are my friends. - Those are their relatives.
17. DEMOSTRATIVE ARTICLES THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE. INTERROGATIVE What´s this ? It´s a lighter. What´s that ? It´s a bird. What are these ? They are lions. What are those ? They are tables. Is this your purse? No, It isn´t. This purse is your. Have you seen my book? Yes, this is your book. Who is your father? That is my father. Have you seen these pictures? Yes, these are mine. Are those girls your friends? No, They aren´t. Those girls live in other city.
22. PERSONAL INFORMATION How are you? I am fine What do you do? I am study What is your first name? My first name is Maria. What is your surname? My second name is García
23. Where are you from? I am from Spain Where do you live? I live in Murcia When is your birthday? My birthday is nine of march How old are you? I am seventeen years old
24. What is your address? My address is number sixty, river Guadalquivir street What is your postcode? My postcode is 30700
25. What is your telephone number? My telephone number is 968785847 What is your phone number? My phone number is 678987658
33. VOCAVULARY FILE 1 THE DAYS OF THE WEEK MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY SUNDAY WEB LINKS
34. VOCABULARY FILE 1 THE LETTERS OF THE ALPHABET A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z WEB LINKS
35. VOCABULARY FILE 1 COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES Germany/German Argentina/Argentinian Australia/Australian Brazil/Brazilian Canada/Canadian China/Chinese
36. VOCABULARY FILE 1 COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES France/French Scotland/Scottish Croatia/Croatian Spain/Spanish the United States/American Egypt/Egyptian
37. VOCABULARY FILE 1 COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES Japan/Japanese Ireland/Irish Greece/Greek Italy/Italian England/English The Netherlands/Dutch
38. VOCABULARY FILE 1 COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES Britain/English Morocco/Moroccan India/Indian Portugal/Portuguese Poland/Polish Mexico/Mexican
39. VOCABULARY FILE 1 COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES Turkey/Turkish Switzerland/Swiss Russia/Russian Thailand/Thai Denmark/Danish Belgium/Belgian
40. VOCABULARY FILE 1 COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES South Africa/South African Korea/Korean Finland/Finnish Sweden/Swedish Hungary/Hungarian Austria/Austrian
42. VOCABULARY FILE 1 COMMON OBJECTS an address book coins cigarettes a credit card a diary keys a lighter lipstick a magazine glasses a comb an identity card matches a mobile a newspaper
43. VOCABULARY FILE 1 COMMON OBJECTS a photo stamps sunglasses tissues an umbrella a wallet a purse a watch
44. VOCABULARY FILE 1 THE CLASSROOM a book a pencil a sharpener a highlighter a paper a bag a rubber a dictionary a file a school bag a ruler a pen
45. VOCABULARY FILE 1 THE CLASSROOM crayons glue map correction pen calendar chair cutter scissors compass table pencil case felt tip
46. VOCABULARY FILE 1 THE CLASSROOM board desk exercise book globe door bin brush blackboard erasure speaker paint chalk
47. VOCABULARY FILE 1 THE CLASSROOM hunger ceiling student proyector teacher wall Cd player cupboard newsboard light window blind