Unity, coherence, emphasis
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The document discusses different ways to achieve unity and coherence in sentences. It provides tips for consistent use of tenses, number, person, subject, voice, mood, and language. It also explains how to avoid misplaced and dangling modifiers. Finally, it discusses different orders for organizing paragraphs, such as chronological, spatial, and order of importance.
Unity, coherence, emphasis
- 1. UNITY
- 2. SENTENCE UNITY Asentence has unity if it expresses only one main idea.
- 3. HOW TO ACHIEVE SENTENCE UNITY?
- 5. A verb in an adverbial clause generally agrees with the tense of the verb in the main clause.
- 6. EXAMPLE: We finished our work before we watched GGV.
- 7. The verb in the adjective clause doesnt need to agree in the tense with the verb in the main clause when the two actions are not necessarily related in time of occurrence.
- 8. EXAMPLE: Ms. Dragona, who was my teacher in elementary, is now in Antarctica.
- 9. The verb takes the present tense of the verb if the idea being expressed is a universal truth or a relatively permanent condition.
- 10. EXAMPLE: The sun rises in the east.
- 11. U壊艶 the tense form of the word that tells the time of action one wishes to express.
- 12. EXAMPLE: He was in Manila last week, but now he is in Baguio.
- 13. C看稼壊庄壊岳艶稼岳 use of Number
- 14. Avoid unnecessary shifting from first person to third person or vice versa
- 15. EXAMPLE: If the students pass their project on time, they will obtain a good mark.
- 16. C看稼壊庄壊岳艶稼岳 Use of Persons of pronouns
- 17. Shifting persons of pronouns will destroy unity. The pronouns must agree with their antecedents.
- 18. EXAMPLES: Everybody is entitled to his own opinion. She is inviting us to attend her celebration.
- 19. C看稼壊庄壊岳艶稼岳 Use of Subject
- 20. Donot shift subject in a sentence.
- 21. EXAMPLE: Students stay up late at night but the projects are not usually accomplished.
- 23. Voice is the aspect of a verb that tells whether the subject performs or receives the action.
- 24. EXAMPLES: Active The department chair held a meeting and discussed some important matters for the upcoming seminar. Passive An inspirational message is given.
- 26. M看看糸 is an aspect of the verb which indicates whether the action or condition is factual (indicative) or contrary to fact (subjunctive)
- 27. C看稼壊庄壊岳艶稼岳 use of Language
- 28. Use the same language throughout the sentence. Avoid the use of foreign terms and phrases which have not been incorporated into the language.
- 29. COHERENCE
- 30. It means putting ideas in logical order showing their relationship with one another. The sentence elements should be in proper word order.
- 31. HOW TO ACHIEVE COHERENCE IN THE SENTENCE?
- 32. Avoid misplaced and dangling modifier.
- 33. MISPLACED MODIFIER a word or phrase that modifies the wrong word. Example: Faulty: Listening to the radio, bits of news are picked up by the students.
- 34. DANGLING MODIFIER A word that the verbal phrase should logically modify is not the sentence. Example: Faulty: To glean an information, the channel is turned to Magandang Gabi Bayan.
- 35. One-word modifiers of nouns are usually placed before the nouns they modify.
- 36. Phrase and clause modifiers of nouns are usually placed immediately after the words they modify.
- 37. EXAMPLES: The child, playing with his playmates, called his nursemaid to bring them his toys. I met the man who painted this exquisite artwork.
- 38. Phrase modifiers may be placed at the beginning of the sentence that the noun or pronoun that follows is the subject of the word modified.
- 39. EXAMPLE: H温厩庄稼乙 been guilty of the accusations, he finds way for his way out.
- 40. Two phrases or clauses which are parallel in form and which modify the same word may be placed either before or after the word they modify.
- 41. EXAMPLE: She is studying hard because she wants to please her parents and because she aims for higher grades.
- 42. H温厩庄稼乙 gone to Baguio and having visited some of its places, I wished to have a house in one of those places.
- 44. CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER itis time order, the order in which events happen.
- 45. EXAMPLE: Papier mache sculpture can be made from a few items. First, cut newspaper into one or two inch strips. Then, dip the paper into a mixture of water and white paste. Finally, mold the strips over a box, a hanger, or wadded newspaper. The shape you create will soon harden.
- 46. SPATIAL ORDER one describes the position of one part or object in relation to another.
- 47. Entering city hall is like traveling in a time machine. Outside, the century old marble steps and columns greet you like an ancient caretaker. But once inside the majestic doors, you are met by clicking typewriters and beeping computers.
- 48. ORDER OF IMPORTANCE One begins with the most important details and end with the least important details. You can also begin with the least important and end with the most important.
- 49. Example: Glenda Almo was more fortunate than the motherless, fatherless, little child scavenging for food on streets. She had a father. She had a warm house. - And she had a friend- her grandmother. She was very old and not strong, but she loved Glenda and took care of her. Glendas father was too busy to pay much attention to her, but her grandmother was always there