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Vertebral column

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Abdul Hasib Samadi

The document discusses the vertebral column, which consists of 33 vertebrae segmented into sections. The cervical section has 7 vertebrae, the thoracic has 12, the lumbar has 5, the sacral has 5 fused vertebrae, and the coccygeal has 3-5 fused vertebrae. Each vertebra type has distinguishing features like cervical vertebrae having transverse processes and thoracic vertebrae having costal facets. The vertebral column also has primary and secondary curvatures in the thoracic and sacral and cervical and lumbar regions respectively.

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Vertebral Column With Hasib SAMADI
Concepts Of Vertebral Column Segmentation • Cervical segment- 7 Vertebrae • Thoracic segment- 12 Vertebrae • Lumbar segment- 5 Vertebrae • Sacral segment- 5 Vertebrae • Coccygeal segment – 4 (sometimes 3-5) Vertebrae • Total of 33 vertebrae
Concepts Of Vertebral Column Curvature Primary • Thoracic • Sacral Secondary • Cervical • Lumbar
Typical Vertebra Structural blueprint Generally a vertebra is made up of • 7- processes • A vertebral body • 2-Pedicals • 2-Laminae Vertebral arch
Typical Vertebra Structural blueprint
Segmental Vertebral Specifications Cervical vertebrae- anterior view General features • Uncinate processes • Transverse foramina • Tubercles • Anterior • Posterior
Segmental Vertebral Specifications Cervical vertebrae- posterior view Features • Vertebra prominens - C7 • Bifid spinous processes - C2--C6
Segmental Vertebral Specifications Cervical Vertebra C1 Unique features • No body • Lateral Masses • Arches • Posterior • Anterior • Tubercles • Posterior • Anterior
Segmental Vertebral Specifications Cervical vertebra C2 (Axis) Signature Feature • Dense (odontoid process) • odon-toid = tooth-like
Segmental Vertebral Specifications Thoracic vertebra Signature Features • Costal facets • Body • Transverse process
Segmental Vertebral Specifications Lumbar vertebra Signature Features • Large vertebral bodies • Triangular vertebral foramen • Mammillary process • Accessory process • Short spinous process
Segmental Vertebral Specifications Sacrum- posterior view Features • Superior articular process • Median sacral crest • Intermediate sacral crest • Lateral sacral crest • Sacral hiatus • Posterior foramena • Sacral canal
Segmental Vertebral Specifications Sacrum- anterior view Features • Sacral promontory (base) • Transverse lines • Apex of the sacrum • Ala • Anterior foramen
Segmental Vertebral Specifications Sacrum- lateral view Features • Articular surface • Articulates with the ilium
Segmental Vertebral Specifications coccygeal vertebrae • 4 fused vertebrae shown here • Sometimes 3-5 • Cornua • Apex of the coccyx • Base of the coccyx
Comparison cervical-thoracic-lumbar

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Vertebral column