�ݺ�ߣ

Which Personality Theory?
BEHAVIORISM!!!
“Give me any child and I’ll shape him into anything.”
--Burrhus Frederic Skinner
“Give me a dozen healthy infants ... and my own specified world to bring
them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to
become any type of specialist I might select — doctor, lawyer, artist,
merchant-chief and yes, even beggar-man and thief, regardless of his
talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his
ancestors.“
--John Broadus Watson
1

Behaviorism @ Work!!!
https://drive.goog
le.com/drive/folde
rs/0B-
ZoqiiMdC15azlieG
dmeFItUm8
2

Cuteness Overload
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B-
ZoqiiMdC15RndiWW9naC1zZVU
3

Logotherapy
in a
Nutshell!!!
Viktor Emil Frankl
1905-1997
Presented by: Ferry Fleurimond
4

Overview
 Background
 Introduction & Differences from a few other theories
 Main Foci & Concepts of Logotherapy
 Logotherapy as a technique
 Summary & Conclusion
 Final Thoughts
5

Intro & Differences
Freud’s
Psychoanalysis
Retrospection
Introspection
Behaviorism
8

What do you consider “very
important” to you right NOW in
your life?
Are you living for these things?
Would you die for them?9

Main Foci
 Logotherapy focuses on the future and meaning
 Patients are confronted and reoriented to meaning in
their lives
 Primary motivational force is meaning of existence
 Will to meaning more important than will to pleasure
and will to power
 This meaning is unique and specific b/c only the
person can achieve it
 People are able to live and sometimes die for their ideals
and values
 We need something for which to live or die
 Surveys show that most people prefer to find
purpose and meaning in life than just to have money
10

Existential Frustration
Will to meaning can be frustrated
(existential frustration)
Existential refers to three things
Existence itself
Meaning of existence
Striving to find tangible,
personal meaning
Existential frustration can lead to
neuroses
11

Neuroses
 Neuroses caused by existential frustration are
called noogenic neuroses
 Originates in the mind—not psychological or
from conflicts of drives and instincts
 Not all conflicts are neurotic; some are
healthy and normal
 Logotherapy rather than psychotherapy is
needed in such cases
 Man’s concern or sadness due to worthlessness
is existential distress—NOT mental disease
 Logotherapy’s job or goal is to help patients find
meaning in life
12

Noo-Dynamics
Search for meaning can cause inner tension instead of
balance, equilibrium, or homeostasis
Man needs noo-dynamics
polar poles: 1 is meaning to be fulfilled and the
other is the man who will fulfill it
Such tension is good (prerequisite) for mental health
Having something to live for can help one endure many
harsh situations
13

Existential Vacuum & Meaning of
Life
Vacuum-void/emptiness within
Manifest itself in boredom
Sunday Neuroses; mask/compensated
Man have to make choices; nothing will tell
them what to do
Can choose for oneself or
conform/totalitarianism
Meaning differs from person to person,
day to day, hour to hour
LIVE in the MOMENT
14

Essence of Existence
Essence of life is to live as if one is living for the
second time and wants to improve life
Logotherapy makes patient aware of responsibilities
(eye dr. vs painter)
Man is responsible to achieve self-actualization
True meaning is found in the world and not in
man (self-transcendence)
Actualization is a side effect/result—don’t
pursue it
Meaning of life always changes
15

Meaning of Love & Suffering
Love—primary phenomenon; not side effect of sex
Allows us to fully understand others
Sex is a way to express togetherness, which is love
Suffering can also help us find meaning
Must transform personal tragedies into victories
Suffering is no longer suffering once meaning is found
We must change our attitudes—don’t seek suffering though
Unhappiness is not a symptom of maladjustment
16

Some Extra Thoughts
Inviting people to think of their last days can motivate them to
live in the now
This helps people to find meaning or get motivation to live
People need to be able to see and understand different views and
approaches
“Having been is the surest kind of being”
Lootherapy recognizes the transitoriness of existence
17

Logotherapy as a Technique
Logotherapy established the special technique called “Paradoxical
Intention” w/ 2 aspects
1. Fear engenders the very thing of which a person is afraid
2. Hyper-tension makes it impossible to get what someone wishes
This technique allows people to be okay with their fears by
Making fun of it or themselves (paradoxical wish and paradoxical intention)
 Self-detachment innate in sense of humor
Learning to laugh at oneself leads to self-management
 Can also be applied w/ sleep disturbances, obsessive-compulsive disorder
18

Summary
 Every age has its own collective neurosis and need its own
psychotherapy
 Psychotherapy denies that man is free
 Freedom is restricted but man can defy and brave the worst conditions
 Man is self-determine
 Man is more than psyche
 Whether neurotic or healthy, there will always be freedom available to
people--even if it’s small
 Psychotherapy needs to re-humanized people
 See the person behind the disease
19

Conclusion
Sometimes, we may
have to change our
attitudes
 Freedom can NEVER
be taking away
There are always
choices
20

Your Reward
5812
Only way to access the quiz
Open for only 24 hours
21

References
Atherton J S (2013) Learning and Teaching; Figures in Behaviourism [On-line: UK] retrieved 9 November 2015
from http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/figures_behaviourism.htm
[Between stimulus and response]. Retrieved from http://coachcampus.com/wp-
content/uploads/2014/01/Aleka_Thorvalson_coaching-model1.png
Existential vacuum. Retrieved from www.critical-theory.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/existential-vacuum.jpg
Existential frustration. Retrieved from http://images.8tracks.com/cover/i/001/993/750/exfr-
1875.png?rect=0,0,700,700&q=98&fm=jpg&fit=max&w=640&h=640
LifespanLearning LA. (2009, January 19). Search for meaning in life today with Viktor Frankl [Video file]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y_Cey-UZX-E
[Meaning of life humor]. Retrieved from https://s-media-cache-
ak0.pinimg.com/236x/96/fe/fb/96fefb6e8fcdf797104df4e2019686e2.jpg
NanaBorderCollie. (2014, August 24). Awesome, amazing rat tricks [Video File]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7g2rxtWu_FM
Steve W’s Channel. (2009, January 9). Viktor Frankl “man alive" 1977 1 of 2 [Video file]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hX4eaMUiIw0
Steve W’s Channel. (2009, January 9). Viktor Frankl “man alive" 1977 2 of 2 [Video file]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YpN2D_tGsiY
22

�ݺ�ߣ

Viktor Frankl Logotherapy PowerPoint Final

More Related Content

Viktor Frankl Logotherapy PowerPoint Final