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Virus and bacteria

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Ursula Rodriguez

Viruses and bacteria are both infectious agents, but they differ in key ways. Viruses are not cells and can only replicate inside host cells, while bacteria are unicellular organisms. Common ways viruses spread include through blood-sucking insects, coughing/sneezing, fecal-oral transmission, sexual contact, and exposure to infected blood. The immune system fights viral infections to eliminate the virus. Bacteria exist in nearly every habitat and environment, and while most bacteria in our bodies are harmless, some species can cause infectious diseases in humans. Bacteria also have important industrial uses like sewage treatment and antibiotic production.

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Virus and bacteria
Virus - definition Virus - from the Latin virus means toxin or poison. It is an infectious agent that is very small to be seen with a light microscope. They are not made of cells. They can only replicate inside the cells of another organism Viruses infect all types of organisms
Virus – what are they made of? They consist of two or three parts: Genetic Material (DNA or RNA – carry genetic information – are responsible for determining characteristics) Protein Coat – to protect the genetic material Some have envelope – made of fat (just like the cell membrane)
How do they spread? carried by blood sucking insects spread by coughing and sneezing. Through faecal – oral route Passed from person to person by contact Sexual contact Exposure to infected blood.
How to eliminate the virus? Viral infections provoke an immune response – this will eliminate the infecting virus. (The immune system is made of white blood cells – the body’s army) Vaccines – are specific.
What does it look like?
Replication
Bacteria Bacteria are a large group of unicellular microorganisms. They have a wide range of shapes They are found in every habitat Soil Acidic hot springs Radioactive waste Water Deep in the ocean In animals and plants
Bacteria Most bacteria in our body are harmless A few species cause infectious diseases Cholera Syphilis Anthrax Leprosy Bubonic plague
In the industry Sewage treatment Production of cheese and yoghurt Making antibiotics.
Bacteria are prokatyotes
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Virus and bacteria

  • 2. Virus - definition Virus - from the Latin virus means toxin or poison. It is an infectious agent that is very small to be seen with a light microscope. They are not made of cells. They can only replicate inside the cells of another organism Viruses infect all types of organisms
  • 3. Virus – what are they made of? They consist of two or three parts: Genetic Material (DNA or RNA – carry genetic information – are responsible for determining characteristics) Protein Coat – to protect the genetic material Some have envelope – made of fat (just like the cell membrane)
  • 4. How do they spread? carried by blood sucking insects spread by coughing and sneezing. Through faecal – oral route Passed from person to person by contact Sexual contact Exposure to infected blood.
  • 5. How to eliminate the virus? Viral infections provoke an immune response – this will eliminate the infecting virus. (The immune system is made of white blood cells – the body’s army) Vaccines – are specific.
  • 6. What does it look like?
  • 8. Bacteria Bacteria are a large group of unicellular microorganisms. They have a wide range of shapes They are found in every habitat Soil Acidic hot springs Radioactive waste Water Deep in the ocean In animals and plants
  • 9. Bacteria Most bacteria in our body are harmless A few species cause infectious diseases Cholera Syphilis Anthrax Leprosy Bubonic plague
  • 10. In the industry Sewage treatment Production of cheese and yoghurt Making antibiotics.
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