This document discusses the characteristics and rise of dictators under totalitarian regimes like fascism and communism. It provides examples of Stalin's brutal Great Purge in the Soviet Union where he killed perceived opponents. It also describes how Hitler exploited unrest in Germany to become Chancellor and then dictator, blaming the Reichstag fire on Communists to consolidate power. Totalitarian regimes concentrate power in a dictator and use fear to strictly control society with little regard for individual rights.