Waste-Ecology
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This document defines different types of waste and provides details on solid waste management in the Philippines. It classifies waste as solid, liquid, or sludge and as hazardous, non-hazardous, or special. The main law governing solid waste management in the Philippines is R.A. No. 9003, which created a framework for ecological solid waste management. It mandates source segregation and establishes guidelines for collection, transport, and disposal. The document recommends adopting the 3Rs - reduce, reuse, recycle - to help solve solid waste problems.
Waste-Ecology
- 1. WASTE
- 2. Waste O Resources consumed by inefficient or non-essential activities. OUnwanted material left over from a production process, or output which has no marketable value.
- 3. Types of Waste Classified according to their physical characteristics: O Solid wastes O Liquid wastes O Sludge Classified according to their physical characteristics: O Non-hazardous wastes O Hazardous wastes O Special wastes
- 4. Solid wastes OAre waste materials that contains less than 70% water. Ex. Household garbage, some industrial wastes, some mining wastes, and oilfield wastes such as drill cuttings.
- 5. Liquid wastes OAre usually wastewaters that contain less than 1% solids. Such wastes may contain high concentrations of dissolved salts and metals.
- 6. Sludge OIs a class of waste between liquid and solid. They usually between 3% and 25% solids while the rest of the material is water- dissolved material.
- 7. Non-hazardous wastes OAre those that pose no immediate threat to human health and the environment. Household garbage is included into this category.
- 8. Hazardous wastes OAre those that pose threat to human health and the environment. 2 types: OHave common hazardous properties such as ignitability or reactivity OContains leachable toxic components.
- 9. Special wastes OThey are regulated with specific guidelines. Some examples would be radioactive wastes and medical wastes.
- 25. E-waste O Includes computers, entertainment electronics, mobile phones and other items that have been discarded by their original users. O Presents difficulties fro recycling due to the complexity of each item and lack viable recycling systems.
- 27. R.A. No. 9003 or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act OProvides the legal framework for the countrys systematic, comprehensive and ecological solid waste management program that shall ensure protection of public health and the environment.
- 28. OThe implementing rules and regulations of R.A. No. 9003 are contained in DENR Administrative Order No. 2001-34.
- 29. Salient Features of R.A. No. 9003 a) Creation of the National Solid Waste Management Commission (NSWMC), the National Ecology Center (NEC) and the Solid Waste Management Board in every province, city and municipality in the country. b) Formulation of the National Solid Waste Management Framework; 10-year solid management plans by local government units consistent with the National Solid Waste Management Framework.
- 30. c.) Mandatory segregation of solid waste to be conducted primarily at the source such as household, institutional, industrial, commercial and agricultural sources. d.) Setting of minimum requirements to ensure systematic collection and transport of wastes and the proper protection of the health of garbage collectors. e.) Establishment of reclamation programs and buy- back centers for recyclable and toxic material; f.) Promotion of eco-labeling in local products and services;
- 31. g.) Prohibition on non-environmentally acceptable products and packaging; h.) Establishment of Materials Recovery Facility in every barangay or cluster of barangays; i.) Prohibition against the use of open dumps; j.) Setting of guidelines/criteria for the establishment of controlled dumps and sanitary landfills;
- 32. k.) Provision of rewards, incentives both fiscal and non-fiscal, financial assistance, grants and the like to encourage LGUs and the general public to undertake effective solid waste management; and l.) Promotion of research on solid waste management and environmental education in the formal and non-formal sectors.
- 33. 3. How can we help solve the solid waste problem? O To adopt the 3Rs of Ecological Waste Management: REDUCE, REUSE, and RECYCLE. PROHIBITED UNDER THE LAW a) Littering, throwing, dumping of waste materials in public places like roads, sidewalks, canals, esteros, parks and establishments; b) Open burning of solid waste; c) Allowing the collection of non-segregated or unsorted waste;
- 34. d.) Squatting in open dumps and landfills; e.) Open dumping or burying of biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials in flood-prone areas; f.) Unauthorized removal of recyclable material intended for collection by authorized persons; g.) Mixing of source-separated recyclable material with other solid waste in any vehicle, box, container or receptacle used in solid waste collection or disposal;
- 35. h.) Manufacture, distribution or use of non-environmentally acceptable packaging materials; i.) establishment or operation of open dumps; and j.) Importation of consumer products packaged in non-environmentally acceptable materials.