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This presentation provides information about shallow foundations. It defines a foundation as the part of a building below ground that transfers the building's weight to the soil. Shallow foundations are placed immediately below the structure and include spread footings, combined footings, mat/raft foundations, and grillage footings. Spread footings support columns and walls, and come in types like wall, column, and inverted arch footings. Combined footings support two or three close columns. Mat foundations consist of a thick concrete slab covering the entire bottom area. The presentation discusses the advantages of shallow foundations like quick construction and lower cost, and disadvantages such as limitations with expansive soils.

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Welcome To Presentation on SHALLOW FOUNDATION
UTTARA UNIVERSITY Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering
GROUP MEMBERS NAME & ID SAYED KOUSAR KHAN M21415121538 MD.LUTFOR RAHMAN M21515121165 SHAHED KARIM MULLICK M214151211027
What is foundation ? Fig: Foundation Foundation: Foundation is part of a building, usually below the ground, that transfers and distributes the weight of the building onto the ground such that the compressive stresses do not exceed the bearing capacity of the soil
Types of Foundation: Foundation can be broadly clas sified into two types 1. Deep Foundations 2. Shallow Foundations
Shallow foundations: Foundation is placed immediately lo west part of the super structure, is te rmed as Shallow foundation.
The various types of shallow foundations are : (a) Spread footing (b) Combined footing (c) Mat or Raft foundation. (d) Grillage footing (e) Eccentrically loaded footing
Spread footings Spread footings are s tructural members us ed to support colu mns and walls and t o transmit and di stribute their loads to the soil.
Types of spread footing Wall footings Reinforced concrete footings Inverted arch footing Column footings
Combined footings Combined footings usually support two columns, or three columns not in a row. Co mbined footings are used when tow columns are so close that single fo otings cannot be used or when one column is located at or near a pr operty line.
Raft Foundation Foundation which consists of th ick reinforced concrete slab cove ring the entire area of the bot tom of the structure like a floor. This foundation was invented by John Root at Chicago in 19th century
Advantages of shallow foundation It is a quick process compared to others in the construction work. This type of foundation is also economically cheaper than any other foundations. Though there are some limitations in mat foundation still it is economical in some cases
Advantages of shallow foundation It can resist ground water absorption. The damage due to earthquake is lesser than any other type of foundation. It consists of a reinforced concrete slab which is more thicker than footing foundation. It prevents unequal settlements.
Disadvantages of shallow foundation Spread footers being installed too shallow, often times just 23 feet below. A foundation, which does not eliminate the effects of expansive soils. Foundation repair will last longer than a week as the excavations are made and the concrete will have to be cured before the holes can be refilled.
Disadvantages of shallow foundation A huge amount of earthwork is to be done in Mat foundation. Groundwater may come out when the earthwork is done. Limited to dealing with point loads
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS EARTHWORK LEVELING
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  • 2. UTTARA UNIVERSITY Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering
  • 3. GROUP MEMBERS NAME & ID SAYED KOUSAR KHAN M21415121538 MD.LUTFOR RAHMAN M21515121165 SHAHED KARIM MULLICK M214151211027
  • 4. What is foundation ? Fig: Foundation Foundation: Foundation is part of a building, usually below the ground, that transfers and distributes the weight of the building onto the ground such that the compressive stresses do not exceed the bearing capacity of the soil
  • 5. Types of Foundation: Foundation can be broadly clas sified into two types 1. Deep Foundations 2. Shallow Foundations
  • 6. Shallow foundations: Foundation is placed immediately lo west part of the super structure, is te rmed as Shallow foundation.
  • 7. The various types of shallow foundations are : (a) Spread footing (b) Combined footing (c) Mat or Raft foundation. (d) Grillage footing (e) Eccentrically loaded footing
  • 8. Spread footings Spread footings are s tructural members us ed to support colu mns and walls and t o transmit and di stribute their loads to the soil.
  • 9. Types of spread footing Wall footings Reinforced concrete footings Inverted arch footing Column footings
  • 10. Combined footings Combined footings usually support two columns, or three columns not in a row. Co mbined footings are used when tow columns are so close that single fo otings cannot be used or when one column is located at or near a pr operty line.
  • 11. Raft Foundation Foundation which consists of th ick reinforced concrete slab cove ring the entire area of the bot tom of the structure like a floor. This foundation was invented by John Root at Chicago in 19th century
  • 12. Advantages of shallow foundation It is a quick process compared to others in the construction work. This type of foundation is also economically cheaper than any other foundations. Though there are some limitations in mat foundation still it is economical in some cases
  • 13. Advantages of shallow foundation It can resist ground water absorption. The damage due to earthquake is lesser than any other type of foundation. It consists of a reinforced concrete slab which is more thicker than footing foundation. It prevents unequal settlements.
  • 14. Disadvantages of shallow foundation Spread footers being installed too shallow, often times just 23 feet below. A foundation, which does not eliminate the effects of expansive soils. Foundation repair will last longer than a week as the excavations are made and the concrete will have to be cured before the holes can be refilled.
  • 15. Disadvantages of shallow foundation A huge amount of earthwork is to be done in Mat foundation. Groundwater may come out when the earthwork is done. Limited to dealing with point loads