What is research?
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Research is objective and seeks to show the truth or facts about phenomena being investigated. It surrounds us daily through processes like observation, questioning, experimenting, and elicitation to test hypotheses. Once tested, conclusions are either confirmed or rejected, and may need reconfirming. While common sense is useful, scientific research uses tested theories and hypotheses to build reliable empirical knowledge, as opposed to just superficial common sense beliefs.
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Here are the key sampling methods:
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Volunteer - people choose to take part. May not be typical of population.
Systematic - every nth person selected e.g. every 5th. Even coverage but bias if every 5th is atypical.
Stratified - divide population into relevant subgroups and sample proportionately from each.
Quota - aim to include set numbers from relevant subgroups e.g. equal male/female.
Snowball - ask initial participants to recommend others. Builds but limits generalisationHypothesis
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What is research?
- 1. What is research? Research is objective and always seeks to show the truth or the facts about some phenomenon which is being investigated. Research is so common that it surround s us on a daily basis. How does this work? 1- we start 2- we think 3- we start with guessing in the the process of -hypothesis possible investigation - answers observation, questioning, experimenting Mind experiments and elicitation. Einstein Once hypothesis have been tested, and confirmed or rejected, it may be necessary to repeat or reconfirm the conclusion.
- 2. Scientific and common sense Common sense, intuition and introspection about experience are useful, they are limited. Common sense conclusions are superficial responses, unexamined. While Theories and hypothesis are used in research so they can be tested by the researchers and other who wish to replicate the research. A reliable knowledge Knowledge as A priory belief knowledge Knowledge as Empirical authority knowledge
- 3. Basic Theoretical Applied research Practical research