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Editor's Notes

• #2: k How many people work in community based urban forestry? How many people have been to SF? Sidewalk landscaping program- about, benefits, mature trees relationship Nature in our City- how they move, how they are challenged Solutions to increase habitat and connect green spaces- Green connections, cit sci, bioblitz
• #3: k Public Right of Way 2006 BOS Permeable sidewalk landscape permit Funding from PUC, PPW, EPA BUF Tree basin expansions SWL- excess concrete Add photo of Broderick FUF works in the public right of way – where there are concrete sidewalks and typically no front yards. In 2006 the SF Board of Supervisors and Mayor approved the “Permeable Sidewalk Landscape Permit to allow the removal of excess sidewalk concrete. The permit dictates specific requirements to protect the health and safety of pedestrians. Immediately FUF began doing small projects and slowly began getting city-based funding to do larger community based sidewalk landscape projects. The sidewalk landscape projects are funded by various public agencies, including the EPA, SF PUC (our water and sewer agency), individual members of the Board of Supervisors the Department of Public works and other local agencies. And involves our own youth program and many community and neighborhood groups. FUF works closely with the SF DPW Bureau of Urban Forestry who regulate and oversee the SWL permits.
• #4: M Areas depend on funding Once funding done, ID neighborhood organizers Then send outreach Once we have a certain amount of interest, we schedule This map shows FUF swl projects to date, beginning in 2007 through June 2015 we’ve done ** projects. Often, the location of the projects is dependant on funding - our funders dictate what neighborhoods the funding can be used in. Once funding has been secured FUF sends out a team of neighborhood organizers to go door-to-door, hanging up flyers and notifying neighborhood groups of future swl projects in their neighborhood. We identify a “neighborhood organizer” who can talk to their neighbors and get support for a project on their block. Once a minimum of 10 neighbors voice interest we schedule a swl project for their block.
• #5: M Typical project, ~15 properties, ~1000 SF Projects are POPULAR, but we have to stay small for our capacity as volunteer group Comm meeting 3 days of installation Here are some examples of before and after pictures from our projects. A typical project generally includes 1 street block and a 15 properties. The projects are popular so it can be difficult to contain the area - its important to keep the project area small because the installation is done by volunteers and overseen by FUF staff, so quality control is important. Prior to the garden installation FUF works directly with the homeowner and DPW for approval of the SWL permitting and coordinates with a private contractor for the removal of the , concrete. We begin each project with a community meeting to share information and create a community process. The gardens are installed over 3 days with volunteers, neighbors and friends Here are some examples of before and after pictures from our projects. A typical project consists of a 1 block area and a minimum of 15 properties. We work directly with the homeowner to get approval for each garden before coordinating the permitting process, concrete removal, supplies, and volunteers for the installation of the gardens. We make sure all the gardens are installed to city code and that the homeowners are as involved as they want to be in the process- garden boundaries, plant choice, etc. We often rely on them to store our tools and plants and work closely with each home.
• #6: M We’re going to talk ab our setting/ backdrop City w/lots of microclimates and variant soils Makes it challenging Other than desire to increase habitat, many other factors in doing SWL So that is a little history about FUF. Now we’d love to give you all an idea of our setting, our backdrop, for all these beautiful and challenging projects. San Francisco is a city full of microclimates and extremely variant soils and this can make growing anything in the city quite challenging. Other than our desire and need to conserve wildlife habitat, there are many other factors involved in greening San Francisco. For anyone looking to green an urban environment, its important to understand what was there before the roads and buildings were built. at what makes nature in SF unique. The ecosystems that exist in the City, although in some cases quite small, are stunningly varied. We have riparian, we have sand dunes, we have coastal scrub habitat! The Bay and the Pacific both have unique ecosystems. It is this diversity and variance that make studying and understanding our different ecosystems so important to our work as arborists, landscapers, and naturalists in the City. K Geography and microclimates Fog/temp West side sand dunes/ 100% sand Twin peaks East side riparian and marshes Serpentine/ chert, flooding If you’ve been to SF you’ve probably experiences a little bit of fog that can cover much of the city on a summer day. The Twin Peaks that cut through the city mark the difference. To the west was originally sand dunes. Golden Gate Park, now a beautiful green zone was originally sand dunes. The fact that anything can grow there is amazing. When we remove concrete in the Sunset District there is no soil, it is 100% sand. To the east of Twin Peaks was originally a mix of riparian areas with serpentine and chert outcroppings. The east side of the city can be sigificantly warmer than the west. All of the creaks and marshes have been covered, but the underground water challenges current development - we get alot of flooding during rainstorms as you get closer to the Bay. We see some heavy clay in this area, mixed with rock. M K Challenges, serpentine Minerals, color, strip running through Chert, flaky, tiny plankton shells Sand Like we mentioned, the soils in SF are challenging. In the east we have sand, to the west we have clay and rock. One of the unique rock types is the rare serpentinite- a rock high in the mineral serpentine, which gives it its bluish-green colorings. We have a srip of serpentine that cuts through the city, intercepted by hillsides of chert. Serpentine is not the best mineral for plants, it contains heavy metals that are toxic. many native species in the city have adapted to the high levels of magnesium and nickel present. Another rock present is Franciscan chert which is made of tiny plankton shells called Radiolaria. M Geology and Mediterranean climate Unique climate, 1 of 5 in world Characterized by dry summers, winter rains, cyclical drought This prolonged drought is even effecting our drought tolerant plants Add info on Mediteranean climate The drought in California is having a huge impact on our natural areas - although we don’t hear much about it. Decreasing rain and groundwater is impacting even those plants and animals that have evolved to deal with California’s long dry summers. As nature continues to adapt we can see which species are taking it harder than others.
• #8: M Prolonged drought Lack of municipal maintenance and planting Annual canopy loss Habitat fragmentation Prolonged drought effecting urban forest as a whole Tree sucking insects effects exacerbated bc low soil moisture is stressing Other challenges- lack of city wide maintenance+ planting Trees in sf are responsibility of PO Inconsistent, substandard, or complete lack of maintenance City doesn’t plant, maintain, or replace Have to maintain PO approval Situation causing decrease in canopy planting 2000, losing 4000 Loss of canopy is habitat fragmentation bc essential for important species that glean insects Bushtits, pygmy, ladybugs, parasitic wasps (parasitoids, not gleaners) Decrease in protection, nesting, food sources Trees and swl connect green spaces and back yards PROLONGED DROUGHT: Low soil moisture can trigger all kinds of chemical processes within plants that, over time, decrease their vitality and resilience. In SF we are seeing the drought impacting some of our oldest street trees. And the stressed trees are a beacon to tree-sucking insects like the Myoporum Thrips. These nasty little insects can decimate a Myoporum tree in a matter of weeks and have been known to target surrounding shrubs and groundcover, as well. The effects of aphids exacerbate the effects of drought by sucking vital water and photosynthates from plant tissues that are already damaged from low soil moisture.   Lack of city wide maintenance and planting Trees in sf are the responsibility of PO Inconsistent, sun standard or complete lack of maintenance on mature trees Majority of streets in SF are not city’s responsibility for planting OR replacement So what this means for FUF is we have to gain PO’s approval. This situation and forestry system results in canopy loss- Planting around 2000. but we lose about 4000 trees a year).   Habitat fragnemtation These mature trees provide essential habitat and protection for key bird species in san Francisco. Bushtits, nuthatches, ladybugs and other gleaning wildlife- decline in canopy is decreasing their spaces of protection, nesting, and food sources. Development causing essential greenspace to be more and more isolate   Street trees and sidewalk landscaping provide connections between large greenspaces and backyard areas- creating more opportunities for new habitat formation.
• #9: K- planting strategy -Habitat supportive planting -Connecting fragmented habitats -Community participation Balancing needs and expectations Majority California native plants Consider soil type Diversity of height and texture Food sources for insect and birds Planning for low maintenance Designing and planting strategy We feel its important to think about consider all of this when designing our planting strategy K Opportunity to plant large area @ quintara steps Green hairstreak corridor/ NIC Cmty planting to restore habitat Dune tansy, coastal buckwheat, seaside daisy When possible we work in larger areas, like the natural area at 15th and Quintara. This area is a part of the Green Hairstreak Project by Nature in the City, an organization that works to educate the community about San Francisco’s biodiversity through conservation efforts and grassroots organizing. We had a big community planting day with NIC and planted Dune tansy, coastal budckwheat and seaside daisy to support the Green Hairstreak butterfly. NIC recently worked with the SF planning dept created an ecology guide and routes that connect green spaces
• #10: M Collab btw sf planning, sfmta, other governmental orgs Also 3 cmty based orgs: sf parks alliance, walk SF, NIC GC aims to connect greenspaces & increase park access Inspired by greenway programs & wildlife corridors GC inspired us to explore & improve habitat formation in gardens Green Connections is a collaborative effort by the SF Planning Department, the SF Municipal Transportation Agency, and many other organizations in the City. They also partnered with three community based organizations: San Francisco Parks Alliance, Walk San Francisco, and Nature in the City. Green Connections aims to increase access to parks, open spaces, and the waterfront by envisioning a network of ‘green connectors’. Green Connections takes inspiration from “greenway” and “green street” programs, which view streets themselves as places for potential stewardship of nature. Green connections inspired us to improve our swl and how swl can improve wildlife habitat.
• #11: M Here we have overlays of GC ecology guides Routes, and why we chose the based on concentrated SWL We looked to our old partner, NIC, for ways to collect data As a strategy to increase habitat in our gardens, we analyzed the Green Connections network and the location of many of our sidewalk landscapes. There are over 20 routes throughout SF, we found several routes were located through neighborhoods where we have installed many gardens. We looked to the organization “Nature in the City” to help us collect date in our gardens. Future goals and partnerships
• #12: K Collab with NIC, nerds for nature, cal academy, Introduced us to citizen science We consulted with Amber hasselbring of NIC- she pointed us to a group of people who call themselves “Nerds for Nature”. This is an all-volunteer group that tries to bring tech-minded people together with environmentalists to discuss and collaborate on a wide range of projects. They have been partnering with the Califronia Academy of Science to create projects involving what thy call ‘Citizen Science”. Cit sci builds connections btw scientists and the cmty, Fosters interest in plants and birds, as well as a wide range of scientific practices Cmty engagement and participations Education Urban forest stewards Bioblitz The California Academy of Science in San Francisco defines citizen science as “quote” . Citizen Science is about bridging the gap between the enthusiast and the expert- it’s about working together to gain a better understanding of the natural world around us and to educate the general public about how they can be involved in scientific research. We see citizen science as a major force in helping to implement solutions like the ones we just outlined. We believe that by truly engaging the community we will create an environment of awareness that will lead to more informed decision making and improved stewardship of our urban forest One of their most popular activities has been a partnership with Cal Academy to organize BioBlitzes throughout the Bay Area.
• #13: M Being a cmty based org we loved the idea of cit sci- it was a no brainer A bioblitz is a grassroots… Great way to involve lots of volunteers & connect them w/native ecology, nature And POs and Youth 3 bioblitz events Being a community-based organization, we loved the idea of citizen science. A bioblitz is a grassroots education event that attempting to survey every living species in a given area during a given time period. A traditional bioblitz is 24 hours long, with shifts of folks working through the night to gather observations of nocturnal creatures. A Bioblitz is a great way to involve our volunteers and property owners and youth program in collecting data in our gardens. We gathered data with a group of volunteers at 3 bioblitz events in the west part of the city, in the center and the south part of the city. M iNaturalist is… An online social network sharing biodiversity information to help each other learn about nature A place to generate scientifically valuable biodiversity data from these personal encounters Bioblitzes are popular now, but first done in 195 by US NPS Recently its become easier with iNat Social network of people sharing biodiversity data Connect to nature Shared with databases The first bioblitz was done in 1995 by U.S. National Park Service naturalists. They have become more popular recently because of technologies like iNaturalist, a website and smartphone application that is an online social network of people sharing biodiversity information to help each other learn about nature. Through iNaturalist you can easily record species using pictures you take from your phone and automatically geo-tag the data. Creating a bioblitz project on the website is simple, you outline your project boundaries, designate a time period, and add your logos and banners. You can also add observations in general areas, outside of a project. Let’s take a look at one of our projects on the iNat website and I can explain a bit further.
• #14: M Neighborhood bioblitz data 36 Volunteers participating 406 Observations, 217 identified down to a major taxonomic rank 68 different species Top 3 most observed species Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) American Robin (Turdus migratorius) Red Admiral (Vanessa atalanta) How each ‘top’ species relates to neighborhood Honey bees is mission along ‘pollinators’ route and in outer sunset, but only around large, flowering bushes in SWL Amercan robins in NOPA, spilling out from pan handle and into large mature trees around gardens (tons of birds in bernal- shelter in curving streets and mature trees ) Red admirals traveling through SWL on hill street and in bernal heights in mission- What we learned: Gardens with differentiated textures like large boulders and trees had more observations. Plants that will attract bees The importance of mature trees for the bird population
• #15: Conclusions Community based sidewalk landscapes connect green areas and create habitat for birds and insects Attracts insects and birds that help create a healthy urban forest Citizen science can help create urban forest stewards Notes: Swl creates habitat Planting to attract birds/insects Cit sci, educate, participate, stewards