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Wind energy

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Karthikeyan Chelladurai

Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of wind into electricity. The key components of a modern horizontal-axis wind turbine include the blades, hub, low and high speed shafts, gearbox, generator, nacelle, tower, and electronic controller. The blades capture the wind and spin the shaft connected to the gearbox, which speeds up the rotations to drive the generator and produce electricity. The nacelle houses the critical components at the top of the tower and the electronic controller monitors the turbine's functioning.

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Wind Energy Merits of Wind energy Basics of Wind energy Generation of wind Component of Wind turbine
Merits of Wind Energy Wind energy is clean Wind energy means jobs Wind energy is abundant Wind energy is affordable Wind energy is inexhaustible Wind energy is elegant Wind energy is environmentally preferable https://youtu.be/boKArkUOIK8
Wind Energy Basics Wind is a form of solar energy. Winds are caused by Uneven heating of the atmosphere by the sun, Irregularities of the earth's surface, and Rotation of the earth. Wind flow patterns are modified by the earth's terrain, bodies of water, and vegetative cover. This wind flow, or motion energy, "harvested" by modern wind turbines, can be used to generate electricity.
How Wind Power is Generated ? Wind is used to generate mechanical power or electricity. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical power. This mechanical power can be used for a generator and convert this mechanical power into electricity. Kinetic energy Mechanical power Electricity
Wind Turbines Wind turbines, like aircraft propeller blades, Rotate by the influence of moving air and electric generator that supplies an electric current. Wind turbine is the opposite of a fan. Fan (Mechanical Energy to Mechanical Energy) Wind (Mechanical Energy to Mechanical Energy)
Wind Turbine Types
Wind Turbine Types two basic groups; Horizontal-axis variety, like the traditional farm windmills used for pumping water, Vertical-axis design, like the eggbeater-style. Most of the large modern wind turbines are horizontal-axis turbines.
Turbine Components Horizontal wind turbine, components include: 1. blade or rotor, which converts the energy in the wind to rotational shaft energy; 2. Drive train, usually including a gearbox and a generator; 3. Tower supports the rotor and drive train; 4. other equipment, controls, electrical cables, ground support equipment, and interconnection equipment.
Wind energy
Wind energy
Wind energy
Wind energy
Nacelle The nacelle contains the key components of the wind turbine, including the gearbox, and the electrical generator. Service personnel may enter the nacelle from the tower of the turbine. To the left of the nacelle we have the wind turbine rotor, i.e. the rotor blades and the hub.
Rotor blades The rotor blades capture the wind and transfer its power to the rotor hub. On a modern 1000 kW wind turbine each rotor blade about 27 metres (80 ft.) in length and is designed much like a wing of an aeroplane.
Hub It is attached to the low speed shaft of the wind turbine. It connects the rotor hub to the gearbox. On a modern 1000 kW wind turbine the rotor rotates relatively slowly, about 19 to 30 revolutions per minute (RPM). The shaft contains pipes for the hydraulics system to enable the aerodynamic brakes to operate. Low speed shaft
Gearbox The gearbox has the low speed shaft to the left. It makes the high speed shaft to the right turn approximately 50 times faster than the low speed shaft.
High speed shaft The high speed shaft rotates with approximately 1,500 revolutions per minute (RPM) and drives the electrical generator. It is equipped with an emergency mechanical disc brake. The mechanical brake is used in case of failure of the aerodynamic brake, or when the turbine is being serviced.
Electrical Generator The electrical generator is usually called induction generator. On a modern wind turbine the maximum electric power is usually between 600 and 3000 kilowatts (kW).
Yaw Mechanism The yaw mechanism uses electrical motors to turn the nacelle with the rotor against the wind. It is operated by the electronic controller which senses the wind direction using the wind vane.
Electronic controller The electronic controller contains a computer which continuously monitors the condition of the wind turbine and controls the yaw mechanism. In case of any malfunction, (e.g. overheating of the gearbox or the generator), it automatically stops the wind turbine and calls the turbine operator's computer via a telephone modem link.
Hydraulics system It is used to reset the aerodynamic brakes of the wind turbine. It contains an electric fan which is used to cool the electrical generator. In addition, it contains an oil cooling unit which is used to cool the oil in the gearbox. Some turbines have water-cooled generators. Cooling unit
Tower The tower of the wind turbine carries the nacelle and the rotor. A typical modern 1000 kW turbine will have a tower of 50 to 80 metres (150 to 240 ft.) (the height of a 17-27 story building). Towers may be either tubular towers or lattice towers. Tubular towers are safer for the personnel The advantage of lattice towers is they are cheaper.
Anemometer wind wane It is used to measure the speed and the direction of the wind. The computers stops the wind turbine automatically if the wind speed exceeds 25 metres per second (50 knots) in order to protect the turbine and its surroundings. The wind vane signals are electronic controller to turn the wind turbine against the wind, using the yaw mechanism.

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Wind energy

  • 1. Wind Energy Merits of Wind energy Basics of Wind energy Generation of wind Component of Wind turbine
  • 2. Merits of Wind Energy Wind energy is clean Wind energy means jobs Wind energy is abundant Wind energy is affordable Wind energy is inexhaustible Wind energy is elegant Wind energy is environmentally preferable https://youtu.be/boKArkUOIK8
  • 3. Wind Energy Basics Wind is a form of solar energy. Winds are caused by Uneven heating of the atmosphere by the sun, Irregularities of the earth's surface, and Rotation of the earth. Wind flow patterns are modified by the earth's terrain, bodies of water, and vegetative cover. This wind flow, or motion energy, "harvested" by modern wind turbines, can be used to generate electricity.
  • 4. How Wind Power is Generated ? Wind is used to generate mechanical power or electricity. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical power. This mechanical power can be used for a generator and convert this mechanical power into electricity. Kinetic energy Mechanical power Electricity
  • 5. Wind Turbines Wind turbines, like aircraft propeller blades, Rotate by the influence of moving air and electric generator that supplies an electric current. Wind turbine is the opposite of a fan. Fan (Mechanical Energy to Mechanical Energy) Wind (Mechanical Energy to Mechanical Energy)
  • 7. Wind Turbine Types two basic groups; Horizontal-axis variety, like the traditional farm windmills used for pumping water, Vertical-axis design, like the eggbeater-style. Most of the large modern wind turbines are horizontal-axis turbines.
  • 8. Turbine Components Horizontal wind turbine, components include: 1. blade or rotor, which converts the energy in the wind to rotational shaft energy; 2. Drive train, usually including a gearbox and a generator; 3. Tower supports the rotor and drive train; 4. other equipment, controls, electrical cables, ground support equipment, and interconnection equipment.
  • 13. Nacelle The nacelle contains the key components of the wind turbine, including the gearbox, and the electrical generator. Service personnel may enter the nacelle from the tower of the turbine. To the left of the nacelle we have the wind turbine rotor, i.e. the rotor blades and the hub.
  • 14. Rotor blades The rotor blades capture the wind and transfer its power to the rotor hub. On a modern 1000 kW wind turbine each rotor blade about 27 metres (80 ft.) in length and is designed much like a wing of an aeroplane.
  • 15. Hub It is attached to the low speed shaft of the wind turbine. It connects the rotor hub to the gearbox. On a modern 1000 kW wind turbine the rotor rotates relatively slowly, about 19 to 30 revolutions per minute (RPM). The shaft contains pipes for the hydraulics system to enable the aerodynamic brakes to operate. Low speed shaft
  • 16. Gearbox The gearbox has the low speed shaft to the left. It makes the high speed shaft to the right turn approximately 50 times faster than the low speed shaft.
  • 17. High speed shaft The high speed shaft rotates with approximately 1,500 revolutions per minute (RPM) and drives the electrical generator. It is equipped with an emergency mechanical disc brake. The mechanical brake is used in case of failure of the aerodynamic brake, or when the turbine is being serviced.
  • 18. Electrical Generator The electrical generator is usually called induction generator. On a modern wind turbine the maximum electric power is usually between 600 and 3000 kilowatts (kW).
  • 19. Yaw Mechanism The yaw mechanism uses electrical motors to turn the nacelle with the rotor against the wind. It is operated by the electronic controller which senses the wind direction using the wind vane.
  • 20. Electronic controller The electronic controller contains a computer which continuously monitors the condition of the wind turbine and controls the yaw mechanism. In case of any malfunction, (e.g. overheating of the gearbox or the generator), it automatically stops the wind turbine and calls the turbine operator's computer via a telephone modem link.
  • 21. Hydraulics system It is used to reset the aerodynamic brakes of the wind turbine. It contains an electric fan which is used to cool the electrical generator. In addition, it contains an oil cooling unit which is used to cool the oil in the gearbox. Some turbines have water-cooled generators. Cooling unit
  • 22. Tower The tower of the wind turbine carries the nacelle and the rotor. A typical modern 1000 kW turbine will have a tower of 50 to 80 metres (150 to 240 ft.) (the height of a 17-27 story building). Towers may be either tubular towers or lattice towers. Tubular towers are safer for the personnel The advantage of lattice towers is they are cheaper.
  • 23. Anemometer wind wane It is used to measure the speed and the direction of the wind. The computers stops the wind turbine automatically if the wind speed exceeds 25 metres per second (50 knots) in order to protect the turbine and its surroundings. The wind vane signals are electronic controller to turn the wind turbine against the wind, using the yaw mechanism.