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The Best wines of the World
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SHARMA

?Greeks arrived in France in 600 B.C. and
brought viticulture with them.
?In 200 B.C. Romans captured some of the France
and greatly influenced the wine-making
?By the 6th century A.D. the Roman Empire
disintegrated and Christianity was spread in
France.
?Now the vineyards came under the rule of
monasteries and churches.
?The wine-making greatly flourished under their
rule
?In 1350 one million cases were exported from
Bordeaux, and in 1790 six million cases were
exported.

?With the French Revolution in the end of
18th century the vineyards slipped out of
the hands of churches and went to the local
people.
?The vintage of 1854 was disastrous.
?The Phylloxera epidemic spread in 1860 when
a winegrower imported some American vines.
?It destroyed about 6.2 million acres of
vineyards in France.
?The only effective solution found was to
graft European vines on these American
rootstocks.
?The first classification was done in 1855
in Bordeaux

The classification system in reality evolved in
1930��s.
The economic depression during this time resulted in
the plantation of hybrids, thus there was a wine
surplus and nefarious blending.
In 1932 the Institute National des Appellations
d��origine(INAO) was founded in Paris.
? It covers the following aspects:
Production area
Vine varieties
Ripeness and alcoholic strength
Yields
Vine density
Wine making and distillation

Appellation d��Origin Controlee(AOC):It represents
around 52% of all French wines
Vins delimites de qualite superieur(VDQS):It was
founded in 1937 and contributes only 3% of total
French wine production.
Vins de Pays (VDP): It was created in 1970 and
formalized in 1979. It is related to country wines
and gives some guarantee of authenticity and
quality. It contributes to the 33% of total
production.(unblended)
Vin de Table (VDT): It is for the ordinary wines or
table wines. It was earlier known as Vin De
Consommation Courante (VCC) or Vin Ordinaire. These
wines can be a blended with wines from the
EU(European Union).

Cabernet Franc Cabernet Sauvignon

It is situated in the western France
with Cognac in the north It is sited
on the either side of the river
Gironde.
80 % of the wines produced here are
red.
Bordeaux wines have a reputation based not on the
actual quality but on a perception that the wines are
the best in the world.

Terroir
?Soil: Gravelly Limestone and Clay Soil
?Climate: Moderate and humid due to the river Gironde.
Great wines of Bordeaux
? Chateau Haut Brion
? Chateau LA tour
? Chateau Mouton
Rothschild
? Chateau Margaux
? Chateau Lafite
Rothschild
? Chateau Petrus
Red
?Cabernet Sauvignon
?Cabernet Franc
?Merlot
White
?Semillion
?Sauvignon Blanc
?Muscadelle
Grape Varieties

It is situated in east
central France, towards the
south of Champagne.
Principle grape varieties
are Gamay and Pinot Noir for
red and Chardonnay for white
Terroir
?Soil: Limestone
?Climate: Semi-Continental
Famous Wines
Chablis
Beaujolais
Pouilly Fuisse
Pommard

It takes its name from the
Rhone river valley and is
located in the south east of
Paris.
The best wines come from the
southern part of this
valley.
?90 % of these wines are
red with a higher alcohol
content than most of the
French wines.
?There are more than 15
varieties of grapes used
here, some of them are
Syrah, Grenache and
Cinsalt.

Terroir
?Soil: Granite in north,
sandy in south.
?Climate: Hot summers and
autumns,
significant humidity
due to Rhone river.
Famous Wines
? Chateau Neuf du Pape
? Cote du Rotie
? Hermitage
? Tavel (Rose)

Loire is the longest river
in France.
Loire valley is situated
towards the western part of
the country.
Terroir
?Soil: Combination of clay,
granite, chalky, limestone
and volcanic soil
?Climate: Relatively cool
climate
Major Wines
Vouvray
Puilly Fume
Anjou (Rose)
Muscadet

It is situated in the far
northern France bordering
Germany.
This region has a very
difficult history of
shifting belongingness
between France and Germany.
Terroir
?Soil: Combination of granitic
rock, sandstone and limestone.
?Climate: Continental climate.
Major Wines
Riesling
Gewurztraminer
?Tokay ��D�� Alsace
Sylvaner

?It is the most northerly
vineyard area of France
situated in the north-east
of Paris.
?The vineyards are one of
the smallest and low
yielding as compared to the
rest of France.
?This area is famous all
over the world for its
sparkling wines.
Terroir
?Soil: Thick layer of
chalky soil.
?Climate: Very cold.

Grapes
Only three grape varieties
are grown in this region -
Chardonnay (W), Pinot Noir
and Pinot Muniere.
Major Shippers
?Dom Perignon
?Piper Heidsieck
?Bollinger
?Ruinart
?Pommery

? The Benefit: Promotes Longevity
? The Evidence: Wine drinkers have a 34 percent lower
mortality rate than beer or spirits drinkers.
? Source: a Finnish study of 2,468 men over a 29-year
period, published in the Journals of Gerontology, 2007.
? The Benefit: Reduces Heart-Attack Risk
? The Evidence: Moderate drinkers suffering from high
blood pressure are 30 percent less likely to have a heart
attack than nondrinkers.
? Source: a 16-year Harvard School of Public Health study
of 11,711 men, published in the Annals of Internal
Medicine, 2007.

? The Benefit: Lowers Risk of Heart Disease
? The Evidence: Red-wine tannins contain procyanidins,
which protect against heart disease. Wines from Sardinia
and southwest France have more procyanidins than
other wines. Source: a study at Queen Mary University in
London, published in Nature, 2006.
? The Benefit: Reduces Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
? The Evidence: Moderate drinkers have 30 percent less
risk than nondrinkers of developing type 2 diabetes.
Source: research on 369,862 individuals studied over an
average of 12 years each, at Amsterdam's VU University
Medical Center, published in Diabetes Care, 2005.

? The Benefit: Lowers Risk of Stroke
? The Evidence: The possibility of suffering a blood
clot�Crelated stroke drops by about 50 percent in people
who consume moderate amounts of alcohol. Source: a
Columbia University study of 3,176 individuals over an
eight-year period, published in Stroke, 2006.
? The Benefit: Cuts Risk of Cataracts
? The Evidence: Moderate drinkers are 32 percent less
likely to get cataracts than nondrinkers; those who
consume wine are 43 percent less likely to develop
cataracts than those drinking mainly beer. Source: a
study of 1,379 individuals in Iceland, published in Nature,
2003.

? The Benefit: Cuts Risk of Colon Cancer
? The Evidence: Moderate consumption of wine (especially
red) cuts the risk of colon cancer by 45 percent. Source:
a Stony Brook University study of 2,291 individuals over
a four-year period, published in the American Journal of
Gastroenterology, 2005.
? The Benefit: Slows Brain Decline
? The Evidence: Brain function declines at a markedly
faster rate in non-drinkers than in moderate drinkers.
Source: a Columbia University study of 1,416 people,
published in Neuroepidemiology, 2006

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Wines of france

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Wines of france