Sexual abuse and assault of children and women is increasing in Brunei Darussalam. From 2012 data, 82% of reported abuse cases involved children under 16, with the highest total of 45 cases reported that year. Physical abuse is considered the most common crime and can have long-term physical and psychological impacts, especially on children and without family support. Rape cases are also increasing, defined as non-consensual sexual intercourse, with 34 cases reported in 2011. Unlawful carnal knowledge cases, or sex outside marriage which is illegal in Brunei, increased to 13 cases in 2012, often involving girls under 16. However, many abuse cases go unreported due to feelings of shame.