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Yarn & Fabric Formation by Sukhvir Sabharwal

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Sukhvir Sabharwal
Sukhvir Sabharwal

The document discusses the process of cotton processing from ginning to yarn formation and weaving into fabric. [1] Ginning involves separating seeds from cotton fibers using dryers and gin saws. The clean fibers are then compacted into bales. [2] Opening and cleaning machines blend and clean raw cotton fibers by removing dirt and debris. [3] Blowroom, carding, drawing and roving processes further clean and parallelize the fibers to prepare sliver and roving for spinning.

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Processing of Cotton YARN & FABRIC FORMATION By:-Sukhvir Sabharwal B-Tech 2007 Batch TITS Bhiwani (INDIA)
Ginning Opening and cleaning of raw cotton Bale formation and supplied to spinning units Mixing Blowroom For combing process Carding Breaker draw frame Lap former For carded process Comber Finisher drawframe
Speed frame Ring frame Autoconer & TFO Cone winding Yarn conditioning Warping Yarn packaging Pirn/ direct Sizing cone as weft for weaving Godown yarn Beaming Market Weaving
Ginning Ginning is the separation of seed from seed cotton Recovery of clean lint. The process requires a dryer, a gin saw or some other type of separation devices. The clean lint is then compacted and tied with a bale wrap. It is finally weighed and stored.
Opening and Cleaning of Raw Cotton The object of this process is to blend cotton so as to obtain uniform raw material, remove leaf dirt and fresh, open up the fibres after they have been compressed in the bale To deliver a clean uniform product in a suitable form to the nextstage.
Blow room The blow room machinery performs function of opening hard pressed bales of cotton and cleaning the cotton of impurities
Carding In carding, the lap is attenuated into a sliver (about 100 draft) The fibres made parallel for the next stage.
Drawing Drawing evens the sliver. It attenuate the sliver to desired count Doubling reduces mass CV
Roving Roving further attenuates the sliver to above 7 draft. It makes the sliver useful to make yarn
Spinning There are two main types of spinning: ring spinning and open-end or break spinning. In ring spinning the roving is further attenuated by roller drafting to the fineness of the yarn required, usually a draft of about 20 and at the sametime twist is applied to give the yarn the necessary strength. Full bobbins may be manually or automatically doffed.
Cone winding Cone winding facilitates subsequent processing by rewinding yarn onto a large package and removing faults.
RE-WINDING MACHINE
Weaving technology covers: Preparatory Weaving process Types of Yarn Packages Yarn Winding Winding Machines Warp Preparation Weaving as a Fabric Formation Process Weaving Operations Picking Mechanisms
Preparatory Weaving Processes Yarn Preparation Warp preparation Warp Installation Weft Preparation
TYPE OF CONE
Warping To make bigger package to supply warp yarn Yarn with uniform tension
Sizing The purpose of sizing to increase weaving resistance Resistance against abrasion
Drawing in The drawing-in of the sized warp threads through the heddles, reeds and drop-wires of the loom May be done either manually by a pair of workers
Weaving Interlace between two sets of yarn Weaving is the crossing of yarns at right angles or strips of other materials to produce a flat, more or less compact surface.
Woven fabrics
WEAVING EQUIPMENT
Woven structures Plain weave
Woven structures Twill weave Twill weave, the secondbasic weave, is characterized by diagonal lines running at angles varying between 15属 and 75属. A twill weave is denoted by using numbers above and bellow a line (such as 2/1 twill which may be interpreted as two up and one down in the shedding sequence).
Woven structure Satin and Sateen weave Sateen weave is the third basic weave, in which the interlacing points are arranged in a similar way to twill weaves but without showing the twill line. The satin weave is warp face weave and the sateen is a filling face weave. Fig. Shows 5 ends (Harness) satin. In this case, the repeat is on 5 ends x 5 picks.
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Yarn & Fabric Formation by Sukhvir Sabharwal

  • 1. Processing of Cotton YARN & FABRIC FORMATION By:-Sukhvir Sabharwal B-Tech 2007 Batch TITS Bhiwani (INDIA)
  • 2. Ginning Opening and cleaning of raw cotton Bale formation and supplied to spinning units Mixing Blowroom For combing process Carding Breaker draw frame Lap former For carded process Comber Finisher drawframe
  • 3. Speed frame Ring frame Autoconer & TFO Cone winding Yarn conditioning Warping Yarn packaging Pirn/ direct Sizing cone as weft for weaving Godown yarn Beaming Market Weaving
  • 4. Ginning Ginning is the separation of seed from seed cotton Recovery of clean lint. The process requires a dryer, a gin saw or some other type of separation devices. The clean lint is then compacted and tied with a bale wrap. It is finally weighed and stored.
  • 5. Opening and Cleaning of Raw Cotton The object of this process is to blend cotton so as to obtain uniform raw material, remove leaf dirt and fresh, open up the fibres after they have been compressed in the bale To deliver a clean uniform product in a suitable form to the nextstage.
  • 6. Blow room The blow room machinery performs function of opening hard pressed bales of cotton and cleaning the cotton of impurities
  • 7. Carding In carding, the lap is attenuated into a sliver (about 100 draft) The fibres made parallel for the next stage.
  • 8. Drawing Drawing evens the sliver. It attenuate the sliver to desired count Doubling reduces mass CV
  • 9. Roving Roving further attenuates the sliver to above 7 draft. It makes the sliver useful to make yarn
  • 10. Spinning There are two main types of spinning: ring spinning and open-end or break spinning. In ring spinning the roving is further attenuated by roller drafting to the fineness of the yarn required, usually a draft of about 20 and at the sametime twist is applied to give the yarn the necessary strength. Full bobbins may be manually or automatically doffed.
  • 11. Cone winding Cone winding facilitates subsequent processing by rewinding yarn onto a large package and removing faults.
  • 13. Weaving technology covers: Preparatory Weaving process Types of Yarn Packages Yarn Winding Winding Machines Warp Preparation Weaving as a Fabric Formation Process Weaving Operations Picking Mechanisms
  • 14. Preparatory Weaving Processes Yarn Preparation Warp preparation Warp Installation Weft Preparation
  • 16. Warping To make bigger package to supply warp yarn Yarn with uniform tension
  • 17. Sizing The purpose of sizing to increase weaving resistance Resistance against abrasion
  • 18. Drawing in The drawing-in of the sized warp threads through the heddles, reeds and drop-wires of the loom May be done either manually by a pair of workers
  • 19. Weaving Interlace between two sets of yarn Weaving is the crossing of yarns at right angles or strips of other materials to produce a flat, more or less compact surface.
  • 23. Woven structures Twill weave Twill weave, the secondbasic weave, is characterized by diagonal lines running at angles varying between 15属 and 75属. A twill weave is denoted by using numbers above and bellow a line (such as 2/1 twill which may be interpreted as two up and one down in the shedding sequence).
  • 24. Woven structure Satin and Sateen weave Sateen weave is the third basic weave, in which the interlacing points are arranged in a similar way to twill weaves but without showing the twill line. The satin weave is warp face weave and the sateen is a filling face weave. Fig. Shows 5 ends (Harness) satin. In this case, the repeat is on 5 ends x 5 picks.