Prof. Salih Ofluoglu presented on using building information modeling (BIM) and building performance analysis (BPA) to achieve sustainable and high-performance building design. He discussed how BIM allows designers to integrate building data to create a virtual model that can undergo various performance simulations. These BPA tools can be used from conceptual design to evaluate factors like energy use, lighting, wind and solar impacts. Student projects were shown applying these methods to optimize shopping center and hospital designs for sustainability metrics like energy use intensity.
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1. Speaker¡¯s Name: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
BIM-Enabled Performative Design
Education for Achieving Sustainable
and High-Performance Buildings
Zero Build Forum¡¯20
International Virtual Forum on Zero Energy Buildings
Speaker¡¯s Position & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
2. 2
Climate Change
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
Effects of Climate Change
(Source: Center for Global Development)
3. 3
Effects of Buildings on Climate Change
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
Global CO2 emission
(Source: International Energy Agency, EIA)
? High (fossil-
based) energy
consumption
? High carbon
emission
? There is an
increasing need
for sustainable
building
solutions
Energy Consumption by sectors
(Source: ?zoder ?s? yal?t?m report, 2010)
4. 4
Energy Efficient/Sustainable Buildings Initiatives
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
? EU: 2050 Energy Strategy %80-
95 reduction in carbon emission
? USA: Architecture 2030
Initiative: carbon neutral building
? Green Building Certitification
programs
? Turkey:
? Energy Performance
Legislation,
? Mandatory Energy ID
Document and the BEP-TR
software
Green Bulding
Certification Programs
5. 5
Where to start?
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
? Design (especially early design) is
the critical project phase when most
sustainability related decisions are
made
? Good Design achieves:
- Good building performance
- High occupants¡¯ comfort
- Low operational cost
? Sustainability strategies applied
by architects are
intuitional and based on general
knowledge and precedents and
the effects of site/project type
specific situations are often ignored.
1. Occupants¡¯
comfort
? Thermal comfort
? Visual comfort
? Air quality
2. Resource uses
? Material use
? Energy systems
? Water use
? p e r s o n a l h a p p i n e s s a n d
p r o d u c t i v i t y ?
? n a t u r a l , s u p p o r t e d b y
m e c h a n i c a l ?
6. 6
Building Information Modeling (BIM)
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
BIM is a project
production
method that
relies on a 3D
model by
integrating
both graphic
(geometry/form
etc.) and
alpha-
numerical
(material, cost,
building
physics, etc.)
data non-graphical data
graphical data
building physics related alphanumerical
data such as
thermal conductivity, fire resistance
acoustical properties, cost, etc.
7. 7
Building Information Modeling (BIM) ? BPA
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
Sun / Shadow
Analysis
Solar
Radiation
Analysis
Solar Lighting
Analysis
Wind
Analysis
Energy
Analysis
Climate
Analysis
? Building Performance Analysis (BPA)
models can be produced from a BIM model.
? They predict how a building responds to
environmental factors.
? Design decisions can be tested and
improved in a real time.
BIM Model = Virtual Physical Building
8. 8
Performative Building Design
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
Spiral
Design
Process
The design approach that takes building performance
from early to late phases of design can be called
Performative Design.
Basic principles:
1. Relies on sustainability criteria
comsumption of energy and raw materials,
selection of materials, waste reduction, passive
climatization
2. Works with measurable alphanumerical data
3. Allows real time / spiral design iterations for
design revisions
9. 9
Sustainable/PerformativeArchitectural Design
Course Workflow
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
? A postgraduate elective course
A high performance building design
with performance analysis
? Selecting a Building type/project site
? Designing a form/ building shell
? Weekly sustainability analysis
exercises
? Final project submission
? Digital Tools:
Modeling: Revit/Formit
Analysis: Green Building Studio,
Trimble Sefairai,Insight 360, Flow Design
Energy Use by Building Type and
Architecture 2030 Initiative
SET
GOALS
DESIGN&
MODEL
ANALYZE
BENCHMARK
RESULTS
OPTIMIZE THE DESIGN
10. 10
BPA data for Conceptual Designs
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
Conceptual
Design Phase:
The earliest design
phase when the
basic building
mass and its
location is defined.
All higher level
design decisions
that shapes the
following design
phases are made
at this phase.
Site topography
surrounding buildings
Building type
related operational,
comfort data and
standards
Building geometry
Facade elements:
Wall-window ratio
Local climate data
BPA DATA FOR
CONCEPTUAL
DESIGN
11. 11
Mass Modeling
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
The least
detailed
(LOD100)
modeling type for
creating
conceptual
volumes with
surfaces (surface
modeling)
12. 12
Typical BPA Scenarios
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
Autodesk Insight 360
1. BIM Model
Output
2. Passive
Systems
3. Passive +
Active
Systems
4. Passive +
Active
Systems +
PV Panel
13. 13
BPA ? Building Energy Analysis
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
Energy
Analysis
Work
by S. Cengiz
? The flow of heat in a
building, basic
information about heat
transfer, thermal
qualities (U and R
values) in materials
? Factors that affect
building
heating/cooling needs:
External loads (sun,
airflow, humidity)
Internal loads
(occupants,
equipments, lighting)
14. 14
BPA ? Sun and Shadow studies
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
? Relation of building
mass and its site
position to solar access
? The Sun¡¯s position at
extreme times of the
year:
? Sun altitude and azimuth
? Equinox (21 March, 23
Sept.)
? Solstice (21 June, 21 Dec.)
? Shadow casted by
Building itself and
Shadow casted by
sorrounding buildings,
Allocating outside spaces and making
landscape decisions acording to sun/shadow
movements
Examining sun/shadow effects on
different design alternatives
on the model
21 June(15:00)
Summer Solstice
21 December
(15:00)
Winter Solstice
21 March ¨C 21
Sept. (15:00)
Equinox
15. 15
BPA ? Sun Radiation Analysis
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
? Using solar radiation as a
source of energy and
utilisation of PhotoVoltaics
(PVs)
? The effects of solar
radiation on energy loads
(heating/cooling) and
sunshade design (placing
and sizing sunshades and
sunshelves and their types)
? Strategies allowing and
preventing solar radiation
(massing, color, material
selection, positioning)
Colored/Numeric representation of solar radiation
Solar
Radiation
Analysis
Work
E. Akdeniz
16. 16
BPA ? Wind Analysis
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
? Simulating
existing air
currents around
the building and
understanding
natural ventilation
solutions
? Preventing the
unwanted air
currents for
surrounding
buildings and
pedestrians
Wind Tunnel 3D Pressure Factor simulation
Wind Tunnel 2D Plan Shade simulation
Wind Tunnel 2d Flow lines simulation
Wind Analysis Work
by S. Tarakc?, H.
Bilgin, B. Cant¨¹rk
Wind Analysis Work,
by F. D. ?apk?n
17. 17
Selected Student Works
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
Site Analysis and Design Objectives
EUI Benchmark: 94,1 kBtu/ft2 - 257 kwh/m2
HIGH PERFORMANCE
SHOPPING CENTER DESIGN
by T. Bacaks?z
18. 18
Selected Student Works
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
Energy Analysis for Design Alternatives
HIGH PERFORMANCE
SHOPPING CENTER DESIGN
by T. Bacaks?z
19. 19
Selected Student Works
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
Solar radiation and Wind Analyses for the Selected Design
HIGH PERFORMANCE
SHOPPING CENTER DESIGN
by T. Bacaks?z
20. 20
Selected Student Works
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
EUI Benchmark: 196.9 kBtu/ft2 - 617,4 kwh/m2
Proje alan? s?k???k bir kent dokusu i?erisinde
bulunmaktad?r. Fakat alan?n g¨¹neybat? y?n¨¹nde g¨¹n
????? almas?n? engelleyecek herhangi ba?ka bir yap?
bulunmamaktad?r. Bu tasar?m karar?nda par?al?
yap?larda yap?lar?n aras?nda olu?abilecek g?lgeler
engellenmeye ?al???lm??t?r. G¨¹ne? ?????n?
engellememek i?in ise yap? katmanla?t?r?lm??t?r. Giri?
b?l¨¹m¨¹nde g¨¹ne?ten yararlan?labilecek a??k alan
b?rak?lm??t?r. Hastane yap?s?n?n 7/24 ?al??acak bir
yap? oldu?u g?z ?n¨¹nde bulundurularak
gereksinimlere g?re enerji analizleri yap?lm??t?r .
Energy Analysis for Design Alternatives
HIGH PERFORMANCE
HOSPITAL DESIGN
by S. Cengiz
21. 21
Selected Student Works
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
Solar Radiation Analysis for
the Selected Design
HIGH PERFORMANCE
HOSPITAL DESIGN
by S. Cengiz
22. 22
Selected Student Works
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
EUI Benchmark: 85.1 kBtu/ft2 - 268 kwh/m2
?? ?neride de yap? k¨¹tleleri mimari kayg?larla par?alanarak
hafifletilmeye ?al???lm??, zemin kat kuzey cepheleri kuzey g¨¹ney
aks?n?, sergi alanlar?n?n ???k almas? kayg?s?yla ¨¹st kattaki k¨¹tleler
de kuzeydo?u aks?n? kar??layacak ?ekilde yerle?tirilmi?tir.
Energy Analyses for Design
Alternativesc
Wind and Solar Analyses for the selected Design
HIGH PERFORMANCE
MUSEUM DESIGN
by K. Yesir
23. 23
Selected Student Works
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
EUI Benchmark: 58.2 kBtu/ft2 - 183,33 kwh/m2
G¨¹ne? enerjisinden maksimum derecede yararlanabilmek
i?in yap? g¨¹ney-bat? ve kuzey-do?u y?n¨¹nde
konumland?r?lm??t?r. Par?al? olu?an yap?da, yap?n?n her
alan?nda maksimum g¨¹ne? enerjisinden yararlanabilmek i?in
kat say?lar? farkl? tutulmu?tur. B?ylece yap? i?erisinde
olu?abilecek g?lgeler en aza indirgenmeye ?al???lm??t?r.
HIGH PERFORMANCE
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL DESIGN
by Z. G¨¹l
Energy Analyses for Design Alternatives
24. 24
Selected Student Works
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
EUI Benchmark:
26,9 kBtu/ft2 - 85 kwh/m2
?evre yap?lar g?z ?n¨¹nde
bulundu?unda, yak?n ?evrede
cephelerde ?ok say?da y¨¹ksek
katl? olmas? nedeniyle kat
say?s?n?n az tutulup yay?lan bir
plan ?rg¨¹s¨¹ izlenmesi tercih
edilmi?tir. ?evredeki yo?un sanayi
b?lgesinden dolay? ise yap?lan 3
alternatiftede de avlular
yarat?lm??t?r. Bir i? merkezi olacak
olan yap?n? K¨¹tlelerin g¨¹ne?ten
maksimum enerji tasarrufu
yapabilmesi ad?na
konumland?r?lm??t?r.
HIGH PERFORMANCE
OFFICE DESIGN
by B. S. ?nner
Energy
Analyses for
Design
Alternatives
Solar and Wind Analyses for the
Selected Design
25. 25
Selected Student Works
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
HIGH PERFORMANCE
URBAN LAB DESIGN
by M. I??kl?, E. Y?lmaz, M. Rahmanali
Energy Analyses for Design Alternatives
and Space Allocations
26. 26
Final Words
Presentation Title: Prof. Salih Ofluoglu
Speaker¡¯s Name & Institution: Head, Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
¡°informed design decisions¡±
with measurable data and instant feedback
and gained valuable insights regarding sustainable
architectural design.
By simulating real world conditions in
the Performative Design framework, students made