Ct chest type
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There are 4 main types of CT scans described in the document: standard CT, high resolution CT, low dose CT, and CT angiography. Standard CT uses thicker slices (3-10mm) to quickly scan a large volume and cover the full lung, sometimes with contrast. High resolution CT uses narrower beam collimation (1-1.3mm) and further slice spacing (10mm) to provide high definition images of lung structures for diagnosing lung diseases. Low dose CT aims to maintain diagnostic functionality while lowering radiation dose, and is used for cancer screening and follow up of lung conditions. CT angiography involves injecting contrast into the bloodstream to visualize arteries like the pulmonary arteries, and is used
Ct chest type
- 2. CT Types 1. Standard 2. High Resolution 3. Low Dose 4. CT Angio
- 3. Axial lung window Coronal C+ arterial phase Normal CT chest
- 4. STANDARD CT Slice thickness: 3-10 mm scans a large volume, very quickly Covers the full lung +/- contrast Indications CXR abnormality Pleural and mediastinal abnormalities Lung cancer staging F/U metastases Empyema vs abscess
- 6. HIGH RESOLUTION (HRCT) It is used in the diagnosis of various health problems, though most commonly for lung disease. It involves the use of special computed tomography scanning techniques to assess the lung parenchyma. STANDARD CT HRCT
- 7. HIGH RESOLUTION (HRCT) narrow x-ray beam collimation: 1-1.3mm vs. conventional 3-10mm cross sections are further apart: 10 mm high definition images of lung parenchyma: vessels, airspaces, airway and interstitium No contrast
- 8. HIGH RESOLUTION (HRCT) Indications Hemoptysis Diffusely abnormal CXR Normal CXR with abnormal PFTs Baseline for pts with diffuse lung disease Solitary pulmonary nodules Reversible (active) vs. non-reversible (fibrotic) lung disease Lung biopsy guide F/U known lung disease Assess Rx response
- 9. LOW DOSE
- 10. Baseline Findings - ELCAP According to ( Early Lung Cancer Action Program) Low dose CT greatly increases the likelihood of detection of NCN and early lung cancer compared with chest radiography NCN: 3 times as commonly Malignant tumors: 4 times as commonly Stage I tumors: 6 times as commonly
- 11. Low-dose CT: Lung cancer
- 12. LOW DOSE Premise: lower dose radiation will not reduce the diagnostic functionality of the scan (eg. 250 mAs 50 mAs) Detail is decreased Uses Screening ongoing trials F/U infections post lung transplant metastases
- 13. ANGIOGRAPHY (CTA) contrast injected into peripheral vein injection timing/rate controlled automatically dye is where you want it during scan replaced conventional catheter angiogram Indications Pulmonary embolism Aortic aneurysms Aortic dissection Risks Iodinated contrast: Allergic/ nephrotoxic
- 14. 69- year old female with shortness of breath ANGIOGRAPHY (CTA)
- 15. CT pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) Example of a CTPA , demonstrating a saddle embolus. The white area above the center is the pulmonary artery, opacified by radiocontrast. Inside it, the grey matter is blood clot. The black areas on either side are the lungs, with around it the chest wall.
- 16. References 1. https://radiopaedia.org/cases/normal-ct-chest 2. http://www.slideshare.net/divitto1/approach-to-ct-chest-578 3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-resolution_computed_tomography 4. http://slideplayer.com/slide/download/ 5. Henschke et al, Lancet 1999; 354:99-105 6. I-ELCAP is an international, collaborative group consisting of experts on lung cancer and related issues from around the world. Made by; Abdullah Salem Al-habeeb