Answer chap1
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1. Breathing involves inhaling and exhaling air, while respiration is the process of burning food to produce energy through the production of carbon dioxide and water. 2. The air is filtered and warmed as it passes through the nostrils before inhalation and after exhalation it contains less oxygen and more carbon dioxide and water vapor. 3. The lungs have a large surface area, thin walls, and moist layer to facilitate gas diffusion between inhaled and exhaled air and the blood in capillaries. Oxygen from oxyhemoglobin diffuses into tissues while carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood.
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The human respiratory system consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, diaphragm and intercostal muscles. Air enters the lungs through the nose and mouth, and passes through the trachea into the bronchi and bronchioles before reaching the alveoli in the lungs. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are passively exchanged between the alveolar air and blood through the process of diffusion. Contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles during inhalation lowers the pressure in the thoracic cavity, drawing air into the lungs. During exhalation, relaxation of these muscles increases pressure and pushes air out.Ad
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Land and its resources
Land and its resourcesSue Aris
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1. Calcium carbonate is a naturally occurring compound found in limestone, marble and shells. It does not dissolve in water but releases carbon dioxide when reacted with acid or heated.
2. Heating calcium carbonate produces calcium oxide, known as quicklime. Adding water to quicklime produces calcium hydroxide, known as slaked lime. Calcium hydroxide dissolves in water to form calcium hydroxide solution, also known as limewater.
3. Calcium compounds have many uses - calcium carbonate is used in cement and limestone, calcium oxide is used to produce calcium carbide and slaked lime, and calcium hydroxide is used in mortar, concrete and chalkConstituents of blood
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Blood is composed of cells suspended in plasma. Approximately 45% of blood is made up of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, with the majority being red blood cells. The remaining 55% is plasma, a yellowish fluid that is 95% water and contains nutrients like glucose, proteins, vitamins, and minerals needed for cell function at levels similar to sea water. When a blood sample is centrifuged, the plasma and packed blood cells separate based on their density.Constituents of blood
Constituents of bloodSue Aris
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Blood is composed of approximately 45% cells including red cells, white cells, and platelets, with the remaining 55% consisting of plasma. Plasma is a mostly water-based fluid that transports nutrients, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and a salt concentration similar to sea water throughout the bloodstream. When a blood sample is centrifuged, the plasma and packed blood cells separate based on their differing densities.breathing
breathingSue Aris
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This document outlines the topics and textbooks for Form 3 science, including human respiration, blood circulation, excretion, reproduction, growth, electricity, star and galaxy formation. Key topics are the human respiratory and circulatory systems, effects of smoking, transport systems in plants and humans, the human excretory organs, reproductive systems, electrical circuits and generation of electricity. Required textbooks include a notebook, report book, and exercise book, as well as science textbooks for each lesson.states of matter
states of matterSue Aris
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The human respiratory system consists of the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and lungs. Air enters the nose and is warmed and filtered before reaching the lungs. In the lungs, gas exchange occurs as oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream in the alveoli and carbon dioxide diffuses out. Oxygen is transported to cells by hemoglobin in red blood cells. Poor air quality and smoking can damage lungs and cause respiratory diseases like asthma, pneumonia and lung cancer. Maintaining good respiratory health requires reducing pollution and avoiding smoking.Intro
IntroSue Aris
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This document outlines the topics and textbooks for Form 3 science, including human respiration, blood circulation, excretion, reproduction, growth, electricity, star and galaxy formation. Key topics are the human respiratory and circulatory systems, effects of smoking, transport systems in plants and humans, and electrical circuits and generation of electricity. Required books include notebooks for notes, reports and exercises, and science textbooks for each lesson.Human breathing mechanism 1 ppt
Human breathing mechanism 1 pptSue Aris
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Human breathing involves two processes - inhalation and exhalation. During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and flattens, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and causing the lungs to expand. This decreases air pressure in the lungs, allowing outside air to rush in. During exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and expands, decreasing the thoracic cavity volume, compressing the lungs, and increasing air pressure to allow the exhaling of air from the lungs.Ad
Answer chap1
- 1. 1 . B reathing is the exchange of air between an individual and the environment and it involves the bre a t h i n g in and breathing out processes. Respiration, on the other hand, is the oxidation or burning of food to p roduce carbon dioxide and water, and to release energ y . 2 . The air is filtered and warmed when it passes through the nostrils. 3 . Inhaled air Exhaled air M o re oxygen Less oxygen Less carbon dioxide M o re carbon dioxide Te m p e r a t u re of the enviro n m e n t Te m p e r a t u re of the body Less water vapour M o re water vapour 1 . It has a large surface are a . Its wall is one-cell thick. It has a moist layer for the gases to diffuse. 2 . Molecules of oxyhaemoglobin break down to release oxygen which then diffuses out through the wall of the capillaries into the tissues or cells. 3 . haemoglobin. oxygen, oxyhaemoglobin 1 . A passive smoker is a person who does not smoke but receives second hand smoke from smokers aro u n d h i m . 2 . S u b s t a n c e s C a rc i n o g e n i c S o u rc e s 1 . Tar / C i g a rette smoke 2 . Nicotine / To b a c c o 3 . Asbestos dust / Asbestos manufacturing factories 4 . Carbon monoxide Ve h i c l e s 5 . Carbon dioxide I n d u s t r i e s 6 . Sulphur dioxide I n d u s t r i e s 7 . N i t rogen oxide Ve h i c l e s