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Unit operations of mining

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University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore

The document outlines the basic steps for mineral extraction from deposits, including production operations like rock breakage through drilling and blasting, as well as loading and hauling broken material. It also discusses unit operations for surface mining, which involves drilling holes, inserting explosive charges, blasting to reduce ore to fragments, and loading broken material with excavators or other haulage units, as well as operations for underground mining.

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?These are basic steps employed to produce mineral from deposit. ?Theses are of two types 1. Production operations Steps contributing directly to mineral extraction 2.Auxiliary operations Steps which support the production cycle
Unit operations of mining ? Unit operations involved in production cycle are divivded in two groups 1. Rock breakage(by drilling and blasting) 2. Material handling(loading,hauling,hoisting)
Unit operations of mining ? Production cycle=drill+blast+load+haul.
Unit operations of mining ? Surface mining ? Several inches hole drilled ? Charge inserted ? Blasted to reduce ore to fragments ? Broken material loaded by excavators ? Haulage unit may be trucks ,belt conveyor, rail road cars. ? In dimension stone blocks are freed by saws without blasting.
? Video Surface drilling,blasting
Unit operations of mining ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Underground mining Smaller drill holes Special machinery Production cycle same as surface mining Auxiliary operations Roof support Ventilation Power supply Pumping Maintenance Lighting Communications etc Waste disposal In suface the first two are not necessary
? Video underground mining cycle.underground drilling,charging,scaling
? Nowadays trying mining to be continuous ? Continuous miner video

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Unit operations of mining

  • 1. ?These are basic steps employed to produce mineral from deposit. ?Theses are of two types 1. Production operations Steps contributing directly to mineral extraction 2.Auxiliary operations Steps which support the production cycle
  • 2. Unit operations of mining ? Unit operations involved in production cycle are divivded in two groups 1. Rock breakage(by drilling and blasting) 2. Material handling(loading,hauling,hoisting)
  • 3. Unit operations of mining ? Production cycle=drill+blast+load+haul.
  • 4. Unit operations of mining ? Surface mining ? Several inches hole drilled ? Charge inserted ? Blasted to reduce ore to fragments ? Broken material loaded by excavators ? Haulage unit may be trucks ,belt conveyor, rail road cars. ? In dimension stone blocks are freed by saws without blasting.
  • 5. ? Video Surface drilling,blasting
  • 6. Unit operations of mining ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Underground mining Smaller drill holes Special machinery Production cycle same as surface mining Auxiliary operations Roof support Ventilation Power supply Pumping Maintenance Lighting Communications etc Waste disposal In suface the first two are not necessary
  • 7. ? Video underground mining cycle.underground drilling,charging,scaling
  • 8. ? Nowadays trying mining to be continuous ? Continuous miner video