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 Black nationalist and first
democratically elected black
president of South Africa (1994–99).
 After joining the ANC, he helped to
form the ANC Youth League in a bid
to increase youth activism and help
end racism.
 In 1948, apartheid was introduced,
stripping black inhabitants of South
Africa of their rights and enforcing
racial segregation.
 His negotiations in the early 1990s
with South African Pres. F.W. de
Klerk helped end the
country’s apartheid system.
 Won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. 2

 He attended South African Native College and studied law at the
University of the Witwatersrand.
 In 1944 he joined the African National Congress (ANC), a black-
liberation group, and became a leader of its Youth League.
 Mandela subsequently held other ANC leadership positions, through which
he helped revitalize the organization and oppose the apartheid policies of
the ruling National Party.
 In 1952 in Johannesburg, with Oliver Tambo, Mandela established South
Africa’s first black law practice, specializing in cases resulting from the
post-1948 apartheid legislation.
 Also in 1952, Mandela played an important role in launching a campaign
of defiance against South Africa’s pass laws, which required nonwhites to
carry documents authorizing their presence in areas that
the government deemed ―restricted‖.
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 He traveled throughout the country as part of the campaign, trying to
build support for nonviolent means of protest against the discriminatory
laws.
 In 1955 he was involved in drafting the Freedom Charter, a document
calling for nonracial social democracy in South Africa.
 His antiapartheid activism made him a frequent target of the authorities.
 In 1956 he was arrested with more than 100 other people on charges of
treason that were designed to harass antiapartheid activists.
 In 1962, he got arrested.
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 In 1952, Mandela and Oliver Tambo set up South Africa's first black-run
law firm.
 He started off as a pacifist — then took up arms.
 Mandela was a master of disguise and a genius at evading.
 He was dressed in a chauffeur's outfit when he was finally arrested.
 A courtroom speech about being ready to die helped save his life.
 In prison, he was highly skilled at secretly passing notes.
 He had a chance to get out of prison — and declined, on principle.
 When he finally got out,
he only strengthened his
fight against Apartheid.
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 He appeared in a Spike Lee film- Mandela has a cameo in
1992's Malcolm X as a teacher reciting one of the civil rights activist's
speeches.
 But he refused to deliver a certain line of Lee's script.
 He worked as hard to make peace as he did to bring down Apartheid.
 His policies saved and improved innumerable lives.
 He used sports to bring the racially divided country
 He was open about his biggest mistake — and tried till the end to make
up for it.
 He probably won more awards than anyone in history.
 There's now a global holiday in his honor.
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 He created the Nelson Mandela’s Children Fund.
 A charity that helps poor South African children.
 He said that – ―Children are the wealth of our country.‖
―They must be given love.‖
 Established the Nelson Mandela Foundation and The Mandela Rhodes
Foundation.
 Mandela realized the transformative
and unifying power of sports, and
used that power to make changes
that protests and diplomacy could not.
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 According to media- a
terrorist is made into some
kind of folk hero.
 Mandela did not fight for
actual equality and freedom
for all people.
 He fought for communism.
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• He killed people, committed
terrorism to force into power
a communist government.
• Mandela was trained by
terrorist group Algerian
Liberation Army in 1961.

A leader of his people –
• Nelson Mandela was the first black President of South Africa.
• He spent 27 years in prison for trying to overthrow the pro-apartheid
government.
• After he left prison, he worked to achieve human rights and a better future
for everyone in South Africa.
Why is he famous?
• Nelson Mandela became famous for his long fight against bad
government and racial prejudice.
• He became a hero to people all over the world.
• As South Africa's President, he was respected for his courage and wisdom
in bringing people together to live in peace.
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Nelson Mandela

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