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Introduction to erp

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Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems evolved from standalone calculation and functional systems used in the 1950s-1970s to integrated enterprise-wide systems used today. Early calculation systems automated tasks like payroll and accounting on mainframe computers. Functional systems in the 1970s-1980s used mini-computers to improve individual departments but data was not shared between departments. Integrated ERP systems emerged in the 1990s to manage resources and business processes across an entire organization on a common database. ERP provides benefits like shared data, integrated applications, and forced business process reengineering, but implementations are difficult, time-consuming and expensive projects requiring outside consultants.

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Introduction to ERP
History of organizational systems Calculation systems Functional systems Integrated systems
Calculation systems 1950-80 Single purpose Eliminate tedious human work Examples: Payroll, General ledger, Inventory Technology used: Mainframes, magnetic tapes, batch processing
A System/370 Model 145 (1970s)
removable-disk hard drives
Hard drives
A very nice-looking magtape-drive
Magtapes
Batch processing
Printer 800 lines/minute with 48 character train, 136 columns with 6 or 8 lines per inch spacing
Stack of Computer Printout Paper
Functional systems 1975-20?? Use computers to improve operations Applications: Human resources, order entry, manufacturing resource planning Technologies: Mainframes, PCs, LANs
Minicomputer
Functional systems Typically contained within a department Islands of automation Applications independently developed and deployed Driving force: availability of mini-computers
Functional system applications Human resources System Accounting and finance systems Sales and marketing System Operations management System Manufacturing Systems
Human Resources Recruiting Compensation Assessment Development and Training Planning
油
Accounting and Finance General Ledger Financial Reporting Costing Budgeting Accounts Payable Accounts receivables
油
Sales and Marketing Lead tracking Sales forecasting Customer management
油
Operations Order management Inventory management Customer service
油
Manufacturing Inventory Planning
油
Types of Organizational information Systems Administrative systems Scheduling / Transaction systems Value oriented systems Reporting and controlling systems Analysis and information systems Planning and decision support systems (From Business Process Engineering by A.W. Scheer)
油
Problems with function based application Sharing of data between systems Data duplication Data inconsistency Applications that dont talk to one another Limited or lack of integrated information Isolated decisions lead to overall inefficiencies Increased expenses
Solution to disparate systems? Integration Consolidation Right-sizing Business Process Redesign Enterprise wide system
Integrated systems or Enterprise Resource Planning System
ERP - Definition ERP is a process of managing all resources and their use in the entire enterprise in a coordinated manner
ERP system: Definition ERP is a set of integrated business applications, or modules which carry out common business functions such as general ledger, accounting, or order management
What is ERP? Enterprise Resource Planning Support business through optimizing, maintaining, and tracking business functions Broken down into business processes HRM Distribution Financials Manufacturing
What makes ERP different Integrated modules Common definitions Common database Update one module, automatically updates others ERP systems reflect a specific way of doing business Must look at your value chains, rather than functions
Benefits of ERP Common set of data Help in integrating applications for decision making and planning Allow departments to talk to each other Easy to integrate by using processed built into ERP software A way to force BPR (reengineering) Easy way to solve Y2K problem
Vendors
Difficulty in implementation Very difficult Extremely costly and time intensive Typical: over $10,000,000 and over a year to implement Company may implement only certain modules of entire ERP system You will need an outside consultant
Common Pitfalls Do not adequately benchmark current state Did not plan for major transformation Did not have executive sponsorship Did not adequately map out goals and objectives Highly customized systems to look like old MRP systems
Survey of ERP implementations Done by ittoolbox.com in 2004
Overview 375 IT and business professionals 52% anticipate budget increases for new ERP implementations/new modules SAP and PeopleSoft/J.D. Edwards were cited as the most popular ERP packages 46% indicated that the main challenge to successful ERP implementations was inadequate definition of requirements and resistance to change
How would you characterize your budget for new ERP implementations/new modules deployments for 2004 compared to your budget in 2003?
Who is directly responsible for determining your ERP implementations/new modules deployments?
Who are the other key decision-makers/influencers in decisions to add new ERP packages/new modules?
Do you currently have an ERP package?
If your answer is "Yes", which ERP package(s) do you currently use?
Are you considering adding new modules to your existing ERP package?
If your answer is "Yes", which modules are you planning to add?
If you plan to deploy a new ERP package and/or add modules to your existing packages, when would this implementation take place?
Who do you partner with for new ERP implementations and additions of new modules?
What do you see as the main challenges to successful ERP implementations within your organization?
For more details http://projectmanagement.ittoolbox.com/documents/research/

More Related Content

Introduction to erp

  • 2. History of organizational systems Calculation systems Functional systems Integrated systems
  • 3. Calculation systems 1950-80 Single purpose Eliminate tedious human work Examples: Payroll, General ledger, Inventory Technology used: Mainframes, magnetic tapes, batch processing
  • 4. A System/370 Model 145 (1970s)
  • 7. A very nice-looking magtape-drive
  • 10. Printer 800 lines/minute with 48 character train, 136 columns with 6 or 8 lines per inch spacing
  • 11. Stack of Computer Printout Paper
  • 12. Functional systems 1975-20?? Use computers to improve operations Applications: Human resources, order entry, manufacturing resource planning Technologies: Mainframes, PCs, LANs
  • 14. Functional systems Typically contained within a department Islands of automation Applications independently developed and deployed Driving force: availability of mini-computers
  • 15. Functional system applications Human resources System Accounting and finance systems Sales and marketing System Operations management System Manufacturing Systems
  • 16. Human Resources Recruiting Compensation Assessment Development and Training Planning
  • 17. 油
  • 18. Accounting and Finance General Ledger Financial Reporting Costing Budgeting Accounts Payable Accounts receivables
  • 19. 油
  • 20. Sales and Marketing Lead tracking Sales forecasting Customer management
  • 21. 油
  • 22. Operations Order management Inventory management Customer service
  • 23. 油
  • 25. 油
  • 26. Types of Organizational information Systems Administrative systems Scheduling / Transaction systems Value oriented systems Reporting and controlling systems Analysis and information systems Planning and decision support systems (From Business Process Engineering by A.W. Scheer)
  • 27. 油
  • 28. Problems with function based application Sharing of data between systems Data duplication Data inconsistency Applications that dont talk to one another Limited or lack of integrated information Isolated decisions lead to overall inefficiencies Increased expenses
  • 29. Solution to disparate systems? Integration Consolidation Right-sizing Business Process Redesign Enterprise wide system
  • 30. Integrated systems or Enterprise Resource Planning System
  • 31. ERP - Definition ERP is a process of managing all resources and their use in the entire enterprise in a coordinated manner
  • 32. ERP system: Definition ERP is a set of integrated business applications, or modules which carry out common business functions such as general ledger, accounting, or order management
  • 33. What is ERP? Enterprise Resource Planning Support business through optimizing, maintaining, and tracking business functions Broken down into business processes HRM Distribution Financials Manufacturing
  • 34. What makes ERP different Integrated modules Common definitions Common database Update one module, automatically updates others ERP systems reflect a specific way of doing business Must look at your value chains, rather than functions
  • 35. Benefits of ERP Common set of data Help in integrating applications for decision making and planning Allow departments to talk to each other Easy to integrate by using processed built into ERP software A way to force BPR (reengineering) Easy way to solve Y2K problem
  • 37. Difficulty in implementation Very difficult Extremely costly and time intensive Typical: over $10,000,000 and over a year to implement Company may implement only certain modules of entire ERP system You will need an outside consultant
  • 38. Common Pitfalls Do not adequately benchmark current state Did not plan for major transformation Did not have executive sponsorship Did not adequately map out goals and objectives Highly customized systems to look like old MRP systems
  • 39. Survey of ERP implementations Done by ittoolbox.com in 2004
  • 40. Overview 375 IT and business professionals 52% anticipate budget increases for new ERP implementations/new modules SAP and PeopleSoft/J.D. Edwards were cited as the most popular ERP packages 46% indicated that the main challenge to successful ERP implementations was inadequate definition of requirements and resistance to change
  • 41. How would you characterize your budget for new ERP implementations/new modules deployments for 2004 compared to your budget in 2003?
  • 42. Who is directly responsible for determining your ERP implementations/new modules deployments?
  • 43. Who are the other key decision-makers/influencers in decisions to add new ERP packages/new modules?
  • 44. Do you currently have an ERP package?
  • 45. If your answer is "Yes", which ERP package(s) do you currently use?
  • 46. Are you considering adding new modules to your existing ERP package?
  • 47. If your answer is "Yes", which modules are you planning to add?
  • 48. If you plan to deploy a new ERP package and/or add modules to your existing packages, when would this implementation take place?
  • 49. Who do you partner with for new ERP implementations and additions of new modules?
  • 50. What do you see as the main challenges to successful ERP implementations within your organization?
  • 51. For more details http://projectmanagement.ittoolbox.com/documents/research/