France has a universal childcare system that provides care options from infancy through preschool. Children can attend communal nurseries called Creches starting at age 2.5, or be cared for by an Assistante Maternelle (nanny) in their home. Preschool education has existed in France since the 18th century and enrollment became nearly universal for ages 3-6 by the 1990s. All preschool programs follow a national curriculum focused on developing language, physical expression, social skills, learning about the world, and creativity. Early childhood educators are required to have a high school diploma plus a 27-month training program in child development and care.