Introduction to cell biologyEhtasham Ali AwanCell and Molecular Biology is the study of cells, their internal structures, and their functions. The document discusses the history of cell discovery using microscopes by Robert Hooke, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, and others. It describes the three main principles of the modern cell theory: all living things are made of cells, the cell is the basic unit of structure and function, and new cells are produced from existing cells. The key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are summarized.
Osmosis 1clairebloomOsmosis is the movement of water molecules through a partially permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to lower water concentration.
Plants rely on osmosis for water movement. When water enters a plant cell through the cell membrane and cell wall, the cell becomes turgid and rigid as the vacuole fills with water. If water leaves the cell, the cell becomes flaccid as the vacuole shrinks.
Animal cells do not have a cell wall, so if placed in an environment with a higher water concentration than the cell, the cell will take in too much water through osmosis and burst. In a lower water concentration environment, an animal cell will lose water through
Plant & animal cell Gil Buella RemoralThis document discusses plant and animal cells. It describes some of the key discoveries in cell biology including Hooke discovering cells in 1665 and von Leeuwenhoek first observing single-celled organisms under a microscope. The cell theory established that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function, and all cells come from preexisting cells. The document compares prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and describes several organelles found in plant and animal cells including the nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies and lysosomes. It notes both the similarities and differences between plant and animal cells.
Biology M4 Flowers to fruits and seedseLearningJa1. The document describes the development of fruits from flowers, including the formation of simple fruits from single ovaries and compound fruits from multiple ovaries.
2. Simple fruits are either dry or fleshy, while compound fruits include aggregate fruits with seeds from one flower and multiple fruits with fused ovaries from separate flowers.
3. The structure of the fruit depends on the flower type, with different floral parts contributing to fruits like strawberries and apples. Fruits serve to protect and disperse seeds.
Red cabbage chemistrybenbentokiThis document describes an experiment using red cabbage juice as a pH indicator. Red cabbage juice contains the pigment anthocyanin, which changes color based on whether the solution is acidic or basic. In the experiment, red cabbage juice is tested against various household substances to determine if they are acidic, basic, or neutral by observing the color change in the cabbage juice. Water does not cause a color change in cabbage juice because it is neutral, with a pH of 7, while acids cause the juice to turn red and bases cause it to turn greenish-blue.
Observing mitosis labDayle KristopherThe document asks 5 questions about the cell cycle process of mitosis: 1) What stage were the majority of cells in? 2) Are daughter cells identical to the parent cell and why? 3) What would happen if a cell did not copy its chromosomes before dividing? 4) Why is mitosis necessary? 5) What evidence shows mitosis is continuous not separate events?
Microbes in human welfareRahul ReghuThis document discusses microbes and their importance to human welfare. It defines microbes as living organisms too small to see with the naked eye that are visible under a microscope. It notes that Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovered microbes in 1675 using one of the first microscopes. The document provides examples of how microbes are used to produce important household products like bread, cheese and beer, as well as industrial products like ethanol and antibiotics. It also discusses how microbes are used to produce bioactive molecules and how some microbes aid soil fertilization.
Biology as the Study of LifeAronn Angelo NoelThe document provides information on key biology concepts across multiple levels of organization:
- Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things, and come in two main types - prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
- Organisms are made of tissues, organs and organ systems that work together to carry out essential functions.
- Populations of the same species interact with other populations and communities of organisms within an ecosystem, all of which make up the biosphere.
Biology M3 HomeostasiseLearningJaThis document provides information about homeostasis and examples of homeostasis in mammals. It begins by defining homeostasis as the maintenance of a stable internal environment regardless of external changes. It then outlines the objectives of explaining key terms, regulatory mechanisms, and giving examples using diagrams. Several examples of homeostasis in mammals are provided, such as temperature regulation and glucose regulation, along with diagrams illustrating the negative feedback loops involved. Sensors, effectors, and integrators that make up these feedback mechanisms are also described.
CELL: THE LIFEBeulahJayaraniIt discuss about the cell, cell theory, Cell Theory Timeline,CELL DIVERSITY- unicellular, multicellular, size of cells, size of cells in human, shape of cell, structure of cell, Microscope, CELL CONSTITUENTS- cell wall/cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm in detail
Cellsrichie2c-lineThe basic unit of life is the cell. All living things are composed of cells, which are the basic units of structure and function. Cells come in two main types - prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells, which have a nucleus enclosed within membranes and other membrane-bound structures. Cells vary greatly in their size, shape, and internal structures, depending on their function in different living things.
Power point presentation of animal cell and plant celljhoysantos12Plant and animal cells share three basic parts - the cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm. The cell membrane surrounds the cell and separates it from the external environment. The nucleus is located near the center of the cell and controls its activities and facilitates cell division. The cytoplasm is a semi-fluid material found between the nucleus and cell membrane that contains proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, salts, and water.
4. unicellular, multicellular & cell differentiationsophiespyrou1. Unicellular organisms carry out all the functions of life in a single cell, while multicellular organisms are composed of many cells working together.
2. In multicellular organisms, cells become specialized through differentiation to form tissues and carry out specific functions. This specialization allows the organism to operate more efficiently.
3. Cell differentiation occurs as certain genes are expressed and others are not, leading cells to develop specialized structures suited to their functions. Specialized cells like nerve and muscle cells cannot reproduce, while others like skin cells can.
Integrated Science M2 Excretion in plantseLearningJa- Excretion is the removal of waste from cells and organisms. Plants produce waste from respiration and photosynthesis like carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water vapor.
- Plants have no excretory organs so they rely on diffusion, storage in tissues, and shedding of leaves, bark, and fruits to remove and dispose of wastes.
- Common plant wastes include organic acids, resins, gums, essential oils, alkaloids, tannins, latex, and crystals which are stored in cells or tissues until the plant sheds them.
Chapter 31 Plant Structure and FunctionWesley McCammon- The document discusses plant structure, reproduction, and development. It describes the major plant tissues and cells, including parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma, tracheids, vessel elements, and sieve-tube members.
- Plant growth occurs through primary and secondary growth. Primary growth lengthens roots and shoots through apical meristems. Secondary growth increases thickness through the vascular cambium.
- Plant organs are composed of three tissue systems - dermal, vascular, and ground tissues. The dermal system covers and protects, vascular contains xylem and phloem, and ground contains parenchyma and supportive cells.
Discuss the process of gaseous exchangeHubert PascualBriefly discusses gaseous exchange in mammals, fishes, amphibians, and plants. For Integrated Science Students
Sexual reproduction in flowering plantsMayank SharmaFlowering plants reproduce sexually through flowers that contain male stamen and female pistils. Pollen grains are produced via microsporogenesis in the anther of stamens and contain two cells. Ovules in the pistil undergo megasporogenesis to form the embryo sac which contains seven cells. Pollination involves the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the pistil. This leads to double fertilization where one sperm cell fuses with the egg to form the embryo and another with polar nuclei to form endosperm to nourish the embryo as it develops into a seed. The ovary wall develops into a fruit containing seeds.
Bacteria Sheama Farheen Savanur This document summarizes key characteristics and features of bacteria from the domain Eubacteria. It outlines that bacteria are unicellular prokaryotes found everywhere that lack nuclei and have cell walls without cellulose. Bacteria can be motile using flagella or pili and have various cellular structures including cell membranes, capsules, cytoplasm, and endospores. Bacteria can be both beneficial and harmful to organisms, playing important roles in ecosystems, industries, and human health.
The Cell Structure and its Function (Kayla Tabarina)TheaJasmineElyssaAleThe document discusses the basic structure and function of cells. It notes that cells are the smallest living units that can only be seen with a microscope. Robert Hooke in the mid-1600s first observed cells when looking at a sliver of cork through a microscope and coined the term "cell". All cells have a surrounding membrane, cell contents in thick fluid called protoplasm, structures for cell function called organelles, and a control center with DNA. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic which were the first cells on earth like bacteria and archaea, and eukaryotic cells which have a nucleus bound by a membrane and include fungi, protists, plants and animals. Key cellular organelles are
Organelles in an Animal CellErin MaccarelliThis document describes the organelles found within animal cells. It states that organelles are tiny structures that carry out specific jobs or functions within the cell, similar to organs. It then proceeds to describe the main organelles such as the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, ribosomes, Golgi complex and their basic functions. It concludes by noting that animal cells are eukaryotic, meaning they have a nucleus, whereas prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.
Copy of cell introductionSubramaniya SharmaThe document discusses the cell theory, which states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells. It describes the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including that prokaryotes lack a nucleus and organelles while eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. The document also provides details on the structures and functions of cell membranes and other cellular components in prokaryotic cells.
Structure of waterBritto SamuelThis 3 sentence summary provides an overview of the key points about the structure and properties of water:
The document discusses the structure of a water molecule, which consists of 2 hydrogen atoms bonded to 1 oxygen atom in a covalent bond. It then explains several important properties of water including that it is a polar molecule, can participate in cohesion and adhesion, and has a high specific heat - all due to the molecular structure and attraction between water molecules. The presentation provides details on the atomic structure of water and each of its notable properties.
Cell transport.ppt nKelley NelsonThis document discusses key concepts about cell membranes and transport. It explains that cell membranes are semi-permeable and regulate movement of molecules in and out of cells. Small molecules can pass through via diffusion down their concentration gradient, while larger molecules require channel proteins. Water transport occurs via osmosis. The direction of osmosis depends on the solution concentrations inside and outside the cell. Active transport requires energy and moves molecules against their concentration gradient.
ديوان ميدان المرايا، جمال الجزيري، شعرجمال الجزيريThis lengthy document discusses complex linguistic concepts related to phonology, morphology, and syntax. It analyzes the sound and structure of words, sentences and language across various languages. Key points addressed include phonetic features of speech sounds, rules of word formation, and hierarchical rules that govern sentence structure in human language.
الموجات فوق الصوتية والحيواناتMuhammad MoustafaThis document contains photo credits from various photographers including Leo Reynolds, Thomas Tolkien, Noel Reynolds, Nicky Adkins, and Willy Volk. Most of the photos are credited to Noel Reynolds and Willy Volk, with a few also credited to Nicky Adkins. The document encourages the reader to get started creating their own presentation.
مشروع الطالب الالكتروني " كل شيئ عن الضوء " Abu Bakr Shalabi مشروع الطالب الالكتروني " كل شيئ عن الضوء "
اعداد الطالب / خالد محمد
#مشروع_الطالب_الالكتروني
Video7 compositionDr. Almodairesشرح مبسط للقواعد الأساسية في تكوين الصورة في التصوير الفوتوغرافي وكذلك توزيع العناصر داخل اطار الصورة في التصوير السينما~ي
Biology as the Study of LifeAronn Angelo NoelThe document provides information on key biology concepts across multiple levels of organization:
- Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things, and come in two main types - prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
- Organisms are made of tissues, organs and organ systems that work together to carry out essential functions.
- Populations of the same species interact with other populations and communities of organisms within an ecosystem, all of which make up the biosphere.
Biology M3 HomeostasiseLearningJaThis document provides information about homeostasis and examples of homeostasis in mammals. It begins by defining homeostasis as the maintenance of a stable internal environment regardless of external changes. It then outlines the objectives of explaining key terms, regulatory mechanisms, and giving examples using diagrams. Several examples of homeostasis in mammals are provided, such as temperature regulation and glucose regulation, along with diagrams illustrating the negative feedback loops involved. Sensors, effectors, and integrators that make up these feedback mechanisms are also described.
CELL: THE LIFEBeulahJayaraniIt discuss about the cell, cell theory, Cell Theory Timeline,CELL DIVERSITY- unicellular, multicellular, size of cells, size of cells in human, shape of cell, structure of cell, Microscope, CELL CONSTITUENTS- cell wall/cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm in detail
Cellsrichie2c-lineThe basic unit of life is the cell. All living things are composed of cells, which are the basic units of structure and function. Cells come in two main types - prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells, which have a nucleus enclosed within membranes and other membrane-bound structures. Cells vary greatly in their size, shape, and internal structures, depending on their function in different living things.
Power point presentation of animal cell and plant celljhoysantos12Plant and animal cells share three basic parts - the cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm. The cell membrane surrounds the cell and separates it from the external environment. The nucleus is located near the center of the cell and controls its activities and facilitates cell division. The cytoplasm is a semi-fluid material found between the nucleus and cell membrane that contains proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, salts, and water.
4. unicellular, multicellular & cell differentiationsophiespyrou1. Unicellular organisms carry out all the functions of life in a single cell, while multicellular organisms are composed of many cells working together.
2. In multicellular organisms, cells become specialized through differentiation to form tissues and carry out specific functions. This specialization allows the organism to operate more efficiently.
3. Cell differentiation occurs as certain genes are expressed and others are not, leading cells to develop specialized structures suited to their functions. Specialized cells like nerve and muscle cells cannot reproduce, while others like skin cells can.
Integrated Science M2 Excretion in plantseLearningJa- Excretion is the removal of waste from cells and organisms. Plants produce waste from respiration and photosynthesis like carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water vapor.
- Plants have no excretory organs so they rely on diffusion, storage in tissues, and shedding of leaves, bark, and fruits to remove and dispose of wastes.
- Common plant wastes include organic acids, resins, gums, essential oils, alkaloids, tannins, latex, and crystals which are stored in cells or tissues until the plant sheds them.
Chapter 31 Plant Structure and FunctionWesley McCammon- The document discusses plant structure, reproduction, and development. It describes the major plant tissues and cells, including parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma, tracheids, vessel elements, and sieve-tube members.
- Plant growth occurs through primary and secondary growth. Primary growth lengthens roots and shoots through apical meristems. Secondary growth increases thickness through the vascular cambium.
- Plant organs are composed of three tissue systems - dermal, vascular, and ground tissues. The dermal system covers and protects, vascular contains xylem and phloem, and ground contains parenchyma and supportive cells.
Discuss the process of gaseous exchangeHubert PascualBriefly discusses gaseous exchange in mammals, fishes, amphibians, and plants. For Integrated Science Students
Sexual reproduction in flowering plantsMayank SharmaFlowering plants reproduce sexually through flowers that contain male stamen and female pistils. Pollen grains are produced via microsporogenesis in the anther of stamens and contain two cells. Ovules in the pistil undergo megasporogenesis to form the embryo sac which contains seven cells. Pollination involves the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the pistil. This leads to double fertilization where one sperm cell fuses with the egg to form the embryo and another with polar nuclei to form endosperm to nourish the embryo as it develops into a seed. The ovary wall develops into a fruit containing seeds.
Bacteria Sheama Farheen Savanur This document summarizes key characteristics and features of bacteria from the domain Eubacteria. It outlines that bacteria are unicellular prokaryotes found everywhere that lack nuclei and have cell walls without cellulose. Bacteria can be motile using flagella or pili and have various cellular structures including cell membranes, capsules, cytoplasm, and endospores. Bacteria can be both beneficial and harmful to organisms, playing important roles in ecosystems, industries, and human health.
The Cell Structure and its Function (Kayla Tabarina)TheaJasmineElyssaAleThe document discusses the basic structure and function of cells. It notes that cells are the smallest living units that can only be seen with a microscope. Robert Hooke in the mid-1600s first observed cells when looking at a sliver of cork through a microscope and coined the term "cell". All cells have a surrounding membrane, cell contents in thick fluid called protoplasm, structures for cell function called organelles, and a control center with DNA. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic which were the first cells on earth like bacteria and archaea, and eukaryotic cells which have a nucleus bound by a membrane and include fungi, protists, plants and animals. Key cellular organelles are
Organelles in an Animal CellErin MaccarelliThis document describes the organelles found within animal cells. It states that organelles are tiny structures that carry out specific jobs or functions within the cell, similar to organs. It then proceeds to describe the main organelles such as the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, ribosomes, Golgi complex and their basic functions. It concludes by noting that animal cells are eukaryotic, meaning they have a nucleus, whereas prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.
Copy of cell introductionSubramaniya SharmaThe document discusses the cell theory, which states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells. It describes the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including that prokaryotes lack a nucleus and organelles while eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. The document also provides details on the structures and functions of cell membranes and other cellular components in prokaryotic cells.
Structure of waterBritto SamuelThis 3 sentence summary provides an overview of the key points about the structure and properties of water:
The document discusses the structure of a water molecule, which consists of 2 hydrogen atoms bonded to 1 oxygen atom in a covalent bond. It then explains several important properties of water including that it is a polar molecule, can participate in cohesion and adhesion, and has a high specific heat - all due to the molecular structure and attraction between water molecules. The presentation provides details on the atomic structure of water and each of its notable properties.
Cell transport.ppt nKelley NelsonThis document discusses key concepts about cell membranes and transport. It explains that cell membranes are semi-permeable and regulate movement of molecules in and out of cells. Small molecules can pass through via diffusion down their concentration gradient, while larger molecules require channel proteins. Water transport occurs via osmosis. The direction of osmosis depends on the solution concentrations inside and outside the cell. Active transport requires energy and moves molecules against their concentration gradient.
ديوان ميدان المرايا، جمال الجزيري، شعرجمال الجزيريThis lengthy document discusses complex linguistic concepts related to phonology, morphology, and syntax. It analyzes the sound and structure of words, sentences and language across various languages. Key points addressed include phonetic features of speech sounds, rules of word formation, and hierarchical rules that govern sentence structure in human language.
الموجات فوق الصوتية والحيواناتMuhammad MoustafaThis document contains photo credits from various photographers including Leo Reynolds, Thomas Tolkien, Noel Reynolds, Nicky Adkins, and Willy Volk. Most of the photos are credited to Noel Reynolds and Willy Volk, with a few also credited to Nicky Adkins. The document encourages the reader to get started creating their own presentation.
مشروع الطالب الالكتروني " كل شيئ عن الضوء " Abu Bakr Shalabi مشروع الطالب الالكتروني " كل شيئ عن الضوء "
اعداد الطالب / خالد محمد
#مشروع_الطالب_الالكتروني
Video7 compositionDr. Almodairesشرح مبسط للقواعد الأساسية في تكوين الصورة في التصوير الفوتوغرافي وكذلك توزيع العناصر داخل اطار الصورة في التصوير السينما~ي
Branches of PhysicsJerrimie ArrietaPhysics is the study of everyday phenomena and aims to explain these using fundamental laws of nature. It studies matter, energy, and their relationship. Physics has two main branches - classical physics and modern physics. Classical physics refers to traditional forces recognized before the 20th century, including mechanics, acoustics, optics, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism. Modern physics emerged in the 20th century and includes atomic, nuclear, quantum, relativistic, solid state, condensed matter, plasma, and low temperature physics.
Introduction to Physics Power PointJoyce GridleyThis document provides an overview and introduction to a physics course. It outlines keys to success such as attending class, taking notes, and treating schoolwork like a job. It then defines physics as the study of interactions between matter and energy and lists topics that will be covered including mechanics, electricity, waves, optics, thermodynamics, and modern physics. It provides guidance on homework, evaluations, and concludes with an activity where students will analyze pictures in groups and identify which areas of physics they illustrate.
Physics investigatory project on RECTIFIERNaveen RThis document describes a student's physics investigatory project to construct a full wave bridge rectifier. The aim is to show that an alternating current (AC) is rectified into a direct current (DC). The materials, circuit diagram, procedure, and working of the rectifier are explained. When tested, the rectifier output 12V of direct current, demonstrating that the AC input was successfully rectified. Common uses of rectifiers are also listed.
الخلية - Cell Dena Ghaziفي هذا العرض سوف نعرض لكم بعض المعلومات عن الخلايا و عضياتها
عرض مفيد للطلاب بشكل كبير و يحتوي العديد من التوضيحات بالصور
أرجوا أن تستفيدوا
Types of cloudsAbu Bakr ShalabiTypes of Clouds:
Learning Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, students will be able to:
• Define clouds
• Describe the steps in cloud formation
• Identify different types of clouds
What is an Ecosystem ?Abu Bakr ShalabiThe document discusses ecosystems and human impacts on the environment. It includes a video link about ecosystems and questions about what an ecosystem is, human activities that destroy the environment like poaching, and how poaching affects ecosystems. The student is asked to watch the video and answer the questions to demonstrate their understanding of ecosystems and environmental issues.
Water CycleAbu Bakr ShalabiThe document discusses the water cycle and its 3 phases - evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. Evaporation turns water into water vapor, and precipitation includes rain, snow, sleet and hail which are examples of water falling back to Earth. The reader is directed to watch a video about the water cycle and answer questions identifying its 3 phases, what evaporation turns water into, and examples of precipitation.
Separating MixturesAbu Bakr ShalabiThe document discusses physical methods for separating mixtures, including filtration, evaporation, and magnetism. Filtration works by passing a mixture through a filter to separate solid components by particle size. Evaporation separates liquids from solids or other liquids by turning the liquid into a gas. Magnetism can separate iron filings from sand by using a magnet to attract the iron due to its magnetic properties.
Nuclear fission and nuclear fusionAbu Bakr ShalabiNuclear fission and nuclear fusion are two types of nuclear reactions. Nuclear fission involves splitting atoms of heavy elements like uranium, releasing energy. Nuclear fusion combines light element atoms like hydrogen, forming heavier elements while releasing energy. Both fission and fusion can be used to generate nuclear power but have different requirements and byproducts.
DensityAbu Bakr ShalabiDensity is a measurement of how compact or spread out the mass of an object is within its volume. It is calculated by dividing an object's mass by its volume. Sand sinks in water because it has a higher density than water, while oil floats on water because it has a lower density than water.
Photosynthesis كل شيئ عن عملية البناء الضوئي Abu Bakr Shalabiمشروع الطالب الالكتروني
Photosynthesis
كل شيئ عن عملية البناء الضوئي
عرض تقديمي من اعداد الطالب / أحمد مسلم
Photosynthesis البناء الضوئيAbu Bakr Shalabiعرض تقديمي من اعداد الطالب المجتهد / خالد محمد
Photosynthesis البناء الضوئي
ماهي عملية البناء الضوئي ؟ ومافائدتها للكائنات الحية ؟
#مشروع_الطالب_الالكتروني
Acids and Bases مشروع الطالب الالكترونيAbu Bakr ShalabiAcids and bases can be neutral, acidic, or basic. Distilled water is considered neutral as it is neither acidic nor basic. Acids and bases are chemical compounds that are classified based on whether they are acidic, basic, or neutral.
Formula and Equations #مشروع_الطالب_الالكترونيAbu Bakr ShalabiThis document provides information on chemical formulas and equations, including examples of common chemical reactions such as those between metals and acids or metals and water. Formulas are given for compounds like iron oxide and carbon monoxide, and equations show the reactions between metals and acids producing salts and hydrogen gas or metals reacting with water producing metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas. Gases can be identified through pop tests with hydrogen or using limewater to detect carbon dioxide.
Science project 8aAbu Bakr Shalabi#مشروع_الطالب_الالكتروني
الطالب / خالد عبد الله الصف الثامن - مدرسة زايد الثاني
يقدم عرضاً عن درس " الخلايا الحيوانية والنباتية"
Animal and Plant cell
Animal and plant cell #مشروع_الطالب_الالكترونيAbu Bakr Shalabi#مشروع_الطالب_الالكتروني
الطالب / عبد الرحمن خير الدين من الصف الثامن
مدرسة زايد الثاني
يعرض درس " الخلية الحيوانية والخلية النباتية "
Acids and BasesAbu Bakr ShalabiAcids contain excess hydrogen ions and have a sour taste, turning litmus blue to red. Bases react with acids to form water and salt, feeling bitter and turning litmus red to blue. Examples of acids include vinegar and lemon juice, while bases include baking soda, soap, and blood. Neutral substances like distilled water are neither acidic nor basic, and indicators like litmus paper and red cabbage juice can show if a substance is acidic or basic.
Food Chain By ZayedAbu Bakr Shalabi1) All living things get energy from food and use that energy to live and grow. Plants get energy through photosynthesis using sunlight, water and nutrients.
2) Animals get energy by eating either plants or other animals. Herbivores eat only plants, carnivores eat only animals, and omnivores eat both plants and animals.
3) Decomposers like fungi and bacteria break down dead material and nutrients in the soil which plants can then use to grow.
Food chain By HamzaAbu Bakr ShalabiEvery living thing needs energy from food to survive and perform activities like running and jumping. Plants are producers that produce their own food through photosynthesis using sunlight, carbon dioxide and water, while animals are consumers that obtain energy by eating plants or other animals. A food chain shows how each organism transfers nutrients and energy by consuming other living things.