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poverty human resources environment land technology planning communities materials climate change energy green buildings urbanisation nature sustainability ecology global warming regional planning water safety accessibility culture economy quality master plans heritage indoor air quality urban planning cost-effectiveness waste compact city employment climate hahazard and unplanned development management community development conservation slums resources mobility flora and fauna architecture pollution infrastructure healthcare compact cities environmnet population construction energy efficiency built environment traffic travel quality of life transportation bio-diversity orientation housing material ruralisation designing people periphery productivity security mixed landuse education involving communities technologies legal framework empowering agriculture sustainable development services capacity building skilling green preservation tourism healthy prosperity open spaces height disasters affordability manpower sustainable industry migration thailand hills governance design value addition architects intangible ecology. carbon footprints landscaping vehicles wind direction panchbhutas planned development norms and standards stakeholders inclusive productive life-cycle cost fragility capitol site health master plan sector density social media pre-fabrication built environmnet cultural heritage bye-laws compact affordable creating happy environment green spaces co-operative cost tangible slopes site planning flooding amenities green roof sub-division governanace development controls ownership neighbourhood cycling need industrialisation buildings identity private sector far cities humanity topography tod trees construction technologies speculation food physical cities and villages people centric sanitation circular economy zero-enrgy living freezing globalisation quality of professionals valuable contribution parking solid waste management time land pooling urban local bodies water efficiency passive design social shelter objectivity subjectivity exclusion green transportation faculty growth sdgs rain water harvesting mass transportation development charges setbacks zero-carbon value greed space and greenery zoning qualitative human settlements sutainability lake views learning cross- ventilation website sun green building students property cooling policies unplanned architectural design built heritage skills retrofitting local materials project management space demand side flexibility floor area ratio green walls heritage planning with nature road pricing pedestrianisation flora-fauna typologies internal development change of landuse equity co-operation empowerment building maintenance tdr smart cities initial cost landslide teaching commitment haphazard development building materials contours consultation knowledge wealth leadership spongy cities funds transparency regional context challenges green mobility maintenanace heat island monuments information technology bamboo cool roads creating awareness manmade skilling manpower prefabrication authority climate responsive sharing innovation vegetation planet earth natural siting skill construction technology poverty and pollution human living development plans building bye-laws natural resources training high court assembly landuse art value based development without destruction economics conflicts rising temperature ground realities resource efficient retaining water right to living samsung dignity inclusion' capacity materails haphazard violations originality carbon neutral cities madhya marg super-block time -efficient streets studies empowering panchayats high degree congestion nominations resorces livable understanding proxy non-goernmental organisation people-led urban villages commercial residential hard infra design options land values restoration traditional approach property tax occupation strategic planning implementation structural safety review natural heritage governmnet led passive architecture optimum use embodied energy renewable energy poorest of the poor ecology bio-diversity human scale public good integrated approach to design collaboration constrution technologies misused gift of nature role-model expertise building plans white roof windows machinery resilient infrastructures demolition manual traffic and transportation patient friendly eco-sensitivity analysis urban governance profession building envelop planning process real estate peri-urban areas academics fees open hand state convergence centre advertisement controls materal religion icomos working walkability tapestry vision empoweing green travel standardisation unesco good practices identification greening heritage regional planning environmental politics mapping self-help travel and traffic colours norms conserved integration grid iron institutions preserved visibility connectivity town planning never finite vacant land rural ethics brick beneficiaries registration livability ulbs habitat life cycle cost elixir of life traditional cities reduce incentivising beliefs employmnet crisis co-operative systems happiness cbos stratification reuse corporation democratic decentralisation wards mayor state election commission councilors arches solid waste managemenet tax taxes green transport operational cost compact design disaster site climate nature led informal sector creating space for living creating space for working creating space for skilling prmoting self-help groups transportataion cost of housing finanaces speed standardization operations ar external developmnet industrial cost-overrun green cities plains redefining planning education enrgy efficiency mushrooming of institutions existing land use negativity surveys positivity powerpoint political wisdom day lighting energy conservation green infrastructure weather utility listing beauty resouces energy efficient intelligent buildings networking syllabus ground coverage evaluation common wall objectives earth leh cold desert institutional glaciers draining grey water sustianbility hot-dry form deforestation regional plans finances street vendors soft infrastructure heritage fund integrated design manmade disaster orintation urban heat island tree preservation order architectural controls building regulations frame control controller courtyard work order essentials of tender shape volume owner development plan economic solar enrgy indoor air densification intensification preventive bricks chandigarh architecture grid iron planning shading green housing solar movement ferro-concrete win-win situtation business footprints climatic zones universal building footprints commercial capital non-renewable black energy care of body and spirit supply chain right to shelter efficient land market safe licensing revenue sukhna lake walled city stress gray cities rural-urban synthesis consumerism happy vulnerability atlas literacy wind diretion housing. structures commodity illegal pedestrainisation developers chandigarh leisure valley decarbonising crime civic society local technologies toilets sexual abuse tenure gdp socail fabric university housing shortage location panchmahabhuta flora & fauna infrastruture zero waste water city off-site human led manufacturing planning tools mass production wastage congestion price hub of healthcare good examples unity of command architetcural values national policy iot light co2 monitoring tecnology eco-tourism green vegetation natural parks eco-torism region sustainable cities bi-cycle manufactring buildings input historical sites studios reducing wastage aesthetics religious capital realistic revision accessibity minimum standards of education core-subjects multimedia operational energy designing with nature sunlight entrance self-sustaining valuing rural araes developmet human centric informal system transparecy career promotion resilience research and development corporate sector soft services electricity service delivery monopoly hard surfaces public participation pre-fabrication. durability land distribution business and economy collection' unique geo-thermal dilution degradation rich garbage administrators humane documentataion localisation incentives village elders bio-mass cool roof personality promoters planning norms layers strategy income environment ecology cleanliness grading hertage history local managemnet engines solar 74th caa plastic inclusivity population-led fauna data base petroleum quality time redefine physical planners relevance governments basic necessity importance clothing human consumption vibrant intensity character compounding fee protect documenting software complexities climate change\ capability decision making valleys family output marginalised professionaljourney never static environemnt singapore women green house gasses marketing freebies zoom terraced agriculture role model redefining planning robotics smart mobility eco- tourism skilled commemoration city managers visibity 7vs acessibility janmarg panchmaha bhutas central green concrete couryards natural materials dome superblock urban design planning practice urban spaces moblity soul prodcutive legal financial muted diluted employment quality of life co-operative city cost-effective super block just city materialss cloud computing ru-urban bim settlement pattern our lab plant life-cost vr overlapping dedicated economt individuality best option ai drones unauthorised development high rise realism poor sections of society redensification client arbitration tender award valuation capitalization bridge policy human analogy fexibility involving landowners bartering time overrun compulsory acquisition land bartering land acquisition industires wellness risk completion counter-productive discrimnation weakening indian architects act obectivity examination community centric avoiding individual professional practices new urbanism land record multiplicity of agencies empowering poor leadership. legal framework optimsation tranparency common welfare site analysis empowering doctors pandemic telemedicine waster skill development global challenge res safety l practices new materials new technologies quality living housing policies local climate inelastic immovable human support system liberalisation syrveing site inventory innovative technologies reseorces existing/ proposed land use paramedica lstaff patients innovative construction technologies research & development infection zero waste water command centre terraced housing clubbing of services advertisement building edges frame controls future urban growth providing basic amenities pleasant paramedical staff pateint bio-fillip design cost-effeicient artificial intelligence local amaterials natural form econmy sustainable construction standards time-efficient cost-efficient roadblocks digital eligibility goals efficinecy research finanacing urban localbodies employement goal r&d bridging gap 12th schedule constitution spaces structure life-cycle study technologies. functions responsibility co-operare socialisation activitie flora &fauna maintain digitisation multiplicity of authorities socail sustaianability land efficient engineers managing waste walking managemenet mitigation offices zoning plans vulnerability model houses land suitability anaysis elixir sustainer globallly green area socialising city core dynamic obesity mental distinct different state services commissioners executive officers empowering cities healing ever devolving emloyment ever evolving five-year plans organisations reforms public-private partenership accounting reforms marginalisation suppply redefinition urbanization trffic calming devolving evolving valuing land valley of leisure ludhiana manchester industrial hub rising carbon footprints clinate change rigidity glorious agiculture finanace evalation expers natural gas mamade pedestrianization built flora/fauna international flora&fauna soil resileince policiesprogram governce grid iron pattern programs comulsory acquistion plotted development flatted development regeneration of land inclusive cities opportunities smart technologies challnges vitality properity verdure edict sustaibility eclusion controllers socity #sutainability #land efficient lungs materals world environmnet day sustainabble qualitataive efficient cost-effective resource efiiicent marginalising efficiency roe happinesss user-friendly optimising land efficiently effectively master plans. land information landuse policy lease families unlimited space spiritual plumbing fixture planning proces symbolic curriculm rat-trap concrete block fly-ash bricks replacemnt national monument policy conservation preservation nature. human resource illetracy consultataion heritage commission #cost-effective decentralising smal stress buster high cost unplanned development hahazard incetivising festivals parks single window light weight ecological footprints activity light house projects issues and options heirarchy sustinability india limitations linking past with presesent poverty pollution sanctity approvals building rules design strategies preserving accurate super-structure backbone operation carbon footprints external development goverment government charges non-essential oxygen affordability communities rapid growth earthquake resistant wood substitute tree willinggness cuture content looking inward landscape decentralisation offer acceptance contractual obligations bank gurantee geomatics resource intensive focus on planning set back groud coverage indoor air climate cutting and filling built space number of blocks built area set-backs user-charges physical and enviromental sustaibale user charges separation bid incineration landfill human good governance havelis co-operations chhajas verandahs private spaces ²õ³Ù°ù±ð²õ²õé²õ assets nations peservation better master plan water bodies duty constition of india asi protection historical buildings state monuments national monuments developemt lega; framework places best practices customs historic values value-based legislation active use linking past with present approach duplicating replicating scholar researcher new order of planning °ùé²õ¾±»å±ð²Ô³Ù²õ issues and strategies defining periphery materais shared services projects local arae plans shepter poverty junk food recognition budget ngo consulatation sustanability urban fractals urban re-vevitalisation eco-urbanism replacing tear development regulations unauthorise construction wear energy water historicity natral using technologies building envelop. windows heriate water conservation e quipment urban reas inservice training flooding urban heat island proposed land use productiive quality of students urban development regulatory mechanism fabric economy' involving stake-holdes health happiness ideas group of professionals active participation involving stakeholder rationalising taxes invention liveable youth productivity' green technologies green materials bureaucratic multiplicity overlap subject specific pre-cast elements communication credibility expert group care qand caution processes experts efficxient conventional enginees case study global exposure eminent architects site visits environmnt project based approach exploring design unplanned development. peri-urban areas exchange lifecycle community oriented transfer dispersal technologies/ professional management tourists mass production etc. levels flora social structure mountains insitu development lighthouse supply side houselessness ngos parties strengthening awareness convention battens orientaion dualities policy options cross- susidy planning tools mass ptansportation lean and smart legal framwework unified services infections safegaurding maketing land conversion museum vacant lands labour material efficiency maintaining replacement land utilisation copying universities qualification' lean simple need based registration' product vs process competitions global outlook dual degree plants nep 2020 virtual studios human psychology old age homes. mobility enrergy perihery ozone depletion canvas cobs housing stock duality lack of controls capacity building of ulbs enabling environment incomptible uses vote bank integrating developer colony buldings flats misused'abused development fund intagible tradeable far land as aresource sclae function non-tangible landmarks urban eco-system public art door embedded art cliustering exit curricula earthquake entries boundries surrounding land uses peri-urban aerial photographs topographic maps asset mapping low lying area water channels sustinable higher education souvniers . industrial growth debvelopment controls sb-division members state election commissionstate aptitude election research. teamwork explore finance three tier govenanace local level power noise timber glass topogaphy ±è²¹°ùí²õ network operational economy inherent buffer zone solarium jaisalmer yazd masdar neighborhood hot &dry decentralization plqnning lessons sub-division' embodied water conserving land land management tapestries colours doors accommodation resrvation sc/bc reservations venice municipal finance piplantri betterment levy females girls recognising ground coverage set backs building branch inspection fire safety paper inspectionfee unanimous comletion scrutiny compounding contribution building permit collective wisdom co-operative working shelterless self-employment industry ready service provider make in in india atam nirbhar bharat e-leraing involving technical institutio deication human focussed socal status evil multiple use of spaces co-operative cities service centre day market eradicating symbol rating inclusion investment gender equality wages eco-friendly tourism livelihood water stressed water-efficient wter-efficient fixtures cropping pattern communities' water management educational institutions evaporation urban area water effcient cities potable water ground water message rainwater system urban' food security common good unemployment healthcare education empowering communities rural industries preparedenedd livelihhod missions mind set impact collaboraing co-operating eathquake time management managemnt on-site santation safty marble stone; pollution money; kitchen technology driven cost-efefctive madhya pradesh de-forestation\ beneficiary led co-operative basis local-materials; local- technologies material-efficient cooking golden temple energy-efficient upvc venture capital reservoir amritsar melting market size saving culture reducing mobility skilling people art/science of planning sub-standard hill settlements water shed area forest cover forts palaces spice model smoke lpg burning taj mahal agra fort fateh pur sikri bulanddarwaja core city filler slabs cavity walls globalwarming statutory thoughts caste communitues human health intake teacing caste led communityled informalsector copyright involving poor making poor part of planning actors trainers producticve improving state finanace commission myths land speculation commissioner unlanned development caste -divide lighting metropolitan planning tolls fee legal framwork democracy district planning bureaucratisation democratisation appointments ward committees limiting needs villlage rat trap method pavements black surfaces grey roads management sdg11 perspective materrial men money integrated resources' hill area bi-diversty sensiivity water resources flooding ladslide unplanned deevelopment rural areas green building green roof white walls porousity make and waste take green enrgy plan accetance politics public policy empowering people priorities locl problems neignbourhood bureaucracy art and science policy making creating istitutions elite disparity metropolitan cisis district liability spongy city cost of maiantenance indoor air quality water scarcity learning by doing transprency understandinganalysing problem solving higher resposibity electric connection better placement fossil fuel dark rainfall snow indoor space eartquake desert landscaping zero enrgy greenhouse hostile climatology water mist plantation urban forest landslise travel and tourism landuse practices derelict hoticulture issues saftey iia coa smart buildigs qualitative mushroom sensors global good practices daylight solar heater bi-diversity legal prohibition sunpath zoning regulation airports highways heat wave zero-waste methane green cover converion white roads quaity of life inclisiveness waste apaper rural planning defecation gaps transportation roads water supply sewerage refuse recycle liveability black water phytoremidiation slow the flow break the water green jalbuildings vaayu agni akaash virtue hot-humid composite dampness low voc indoorair quality resilence orientation' sun-movement land; hill development wind direcrion passivedesign bird sanctuary star rated products life cyclecost green villages mechanical digital technology matrial waste time-overun rare birds effectiveness pmay global temperature hunting migrstion north south revival reservoirs check dams rolemodel sick building syndrome ecology resources baolies elixier reviving water sources storage people led orientataion load bearing capacity physical encumbrances public amenities prohibiting tree cutting banning hunting techno;ogies village council landuses capital city lahore natural light greenert orientatain unesco heritage content marketing intent scope' redefing rule of 7vs jan marg orienation revise cognitive score site selection unautorised recycling long term planning genesis road pattern demand and supply architectural control jane bdrew climate change. traffic gree buildings maxwell fry janneeret flora& fauna smart pyramid corbusier noviski optimum landuse economy employment size concentation resource public spaces albert mayer urban ills cost-effective housing improvement trusts governmnet charges saving development authorities governing urbanisation' day-to-day living future extension encumbrances controlled area plan regularisation unauthorised agricultureafforestation é±ç³Ü¾±³Ù²¹²ú±ô±ð disincentavising commodity tips tradable zoing avertisement rights equipment urbanisable area day-lighting window/wall ratio base plan dedicated chapter green rrofs ecological technolgt planning areas electricty green energy goods and services compact citiesroads climateglobal warming planning for people decabonisation basic services beneficiries land as a resource fingerprints solid waste amanagement reconstruction maintance hierarchy low priority through traffic johad ewood heriatge animals eating initial occupationcompletion wightage making profit mission green site inpection circulation 7 vs controls energy and water efficiency co-operatve rental vacant houses expenditure core cost-recovery dwelling unit apartment gross area flooe area ratio professional tax conversion charges rural india outcome based technnology legal famework swot site view freeze urbanisation-led amster plans shape and size industries life deforestaation-led transportation-led development projects destrution prvrntivr curative model structures education. planning energy-led cite centre industrial area nature-led governors palace secretariat city centre irrtional architecture. weave kashmir le-c water energy mental health unsustainable local community led institution led green surfaces plantataiom invisibility density-led induustry-led gree buildings fossil-fuel led basic amnities building-led renewal energy sustianable soft surfaces floods human life natural disaster porous city sponge city gardens transit oriented development cost qulaity' land batering rains on- site time consuming accommodation reservation modular human-led technology-led climate response production quality of profession zero-energy land centric art and architecture green and blue building envelop spaces locl materials governent -led vlimate rsources privatisation hard services orintataion european model roads ribbon development leaisure big data service charges designing construction environ men ecology natural and manmade growth and development spcae effiicency empoering' vernacular structural elements community ;led running courses creating manpoer intelligence' hardware virtual reality wifi heathy communties heating building reation inddor quality housekeeping allocation of spaces land betterment levy innovations landpooling low land aavailability climate refugees over-crowding derelict land metropolis khatauni industrail hub manchester of india cycle capital of india home of heros and airtel multiple agencies iudp smart city jnnurm khasra agricultural university web design jallianwala bagh bazaars change of land use geography direction rational optimum utilisation teaching-learning sutainable liberlisation su-division environmnetal environement undulation conformity green roofs climate zone user experience low energy maerials solar energy city- centric ouvgl usage tradeable right state policy internal/external air-space develpment heartbeat majha floor are ratioo sub-divisopn cuisines hall gate moat darbar sahib durgiana mandir baba atal khandani fort physical features rule of 4rs basic needs preswrving walking cities land efficiency conserving inservice diploma in architecture board of examination council of architecture careeer promotion nata qualified architects aicte associateship ebergy course contents five parts of examination lifepr grid electricity brightness patient care space for visitors involving families post-treatment care compact planning caring healthcare staff pooling resources minimising movement effiicent services waste dispoal reducing pollution religious tourism mass tourism local amterials local skills conserving water sustainabilityt decabonising green building onsite constru south africa