Unilateral lesions of the occipital lobe can cause contralateral homonymous hemianopia and elementary visual hallucinations. Left occipital lesions additionally cause visual object agnosia, while right lesions cause topographic disorientation. Bilateral lesions can induce cortical blindness, visual anosognosia, achromatopsia, prosopagnosia, Balint's syndrome, or simultanagnosia depending on the specific areas involved. Visual agnosia is classified as apperceptive, with inability to integrate object features, or associative, with intact perception but impaired meaning assignment.
This document describes the case of an 8-year-old girl brought to the emergency department with vomiting, breathlessness, fever, and altered mental status due to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Her history of type 1 diabetes and discontinuing insulin therapy for 2 days contributed to the development of DKA. On examination, she had a low blood pressure, tachycardia, and altered mental status. Laboratory findings showed high blood glucose, low bicarbonate, and ketones in the urine, consistent with DKA. She was treated according to the Milwaukee protocol for DKA, which involves slow correction of dehydration with intravenous fluids, administration of insulin, and monitoring of electrolytes and mental status. Her
potassium homeostasis and its renal handlingGirmay Fitiwi
油
This presentation discusses potassium homeostasis and its renal handling. It begins with objectives and an introduction on potassium physiology. It then covers the roles of potassium, mechanisms maintaining potassium levels, and hormonal and other factors involved. A major section discusses renal handling of potassium by different regions of the nephron and how secretion is regulated. The presentation concludes by reviewing clinical implications of disorders like hyperkalemia and hypokalemia.
Chest radiography is necessary to confirm pneumonia diagnoses and differentiate it from other conditions. It can also sometimes help determine the causative organism. Common radiographic findings of pneumonia include opacities, air bronchograms, and silhouette signs. Three main patterns are lobar pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, and interstitial pneumonia. Specific organisms tend to cause characteristic patterns and complications, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae commonly causing lobar or segmental consolidations and parapneumonic effusions. Sputum, bronchial aspirate, and blood cultures as well as stains can help identify the causative pathogen but have limitations.
1. Proteinuria is defined as urinary protein excretion greater than 100 mg/m2 per day or a urine protein-to-creatinine ratio greater than 0.2. It can be evaluated using urine dipsticks, sulfosalicylic acid tests, or 24-hour urine collections.
2. Transient proteinuria resolves on its own and requires no further evaluation. Orthostatic proteinuria involves increased protein in upright urine samples that normalizes when supine.
3. Persistent or "fixed" proteinuria detected on multiple tests may indicate underlying renal pathology and requires further evaluation to determine if it is glomerular, tubular, or overflow proteinuria.
This document describes the case of a 2 year old boy presenting with vomiting, loose stools, and lethargy. He was found to have severe hypoglycemia and metabolic acidosis. He was admitted multiple times with a similar presentation. Critical lab samples showed elevated acylcarnitines, suggesting a fatty acid oxidation defect. The lab results, recurrent presentation, and family history are consistent with an inborn error of metabolism causing hypoglycemia.
This document discusses various causes of congenital and chronic diarrhea in children. It defines diarrhea and describes different types including osmotic, secretory, and chronic nonspecific diarrhea. Specific conditions covered include glucose-galactose malabsorption, celiac disease, cystic fibrosis, tufting enteropathy, microvillus inclusion disease, congenital chloride diarrhea, intestinal lymphangiectasia, abetalipoproteinemia, and immunodeficiency-related diarrhea. The diagnostic approach and management strategies for each condition are summarized.
This document provides an overview of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). It discusses that IEM have an overall incidence of 1 in 1000 to 1 in 2000 births. The most common presentation is sepsis in 30% of cases. IEM are classified based on the defective metabolic pathway, such as amino acid metabolism defects, carbohydrate metabolism defects, and organic acidemias. Clinical pointers for suspected IEM include deterioration after apparent normalcy, hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, abnormal urine odor, and dysmorphic features. Evaluation of neonates involves blood tests, blood gases, glucose and ammonia levels, urine analysis, and plasma amino acid analysis to identify specific disorders. Management involves identifying and limiting the offending substance
The document discusses acute hepatitis in children. It begins by describing the classification of liver disease in children as either acute hepatitis or chronic liver disease. For acute hepatitis in infants, the most common causes are neonatal hepatitis from intrauterine viral infections. In children, the most common causes of acute hepatitis are viral infections like hepatitis A and B, as well as medications/drugs. It then provides details on the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of hepatitis A, one of the most common causes of acute hepatitis in children.
Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are used to assess lung function in infants and children. The main types of PFTs include spirometry, plethysmography, and gas dilution techniques. Spirometry is the gold standard test for diagnosing obstructive lung diseases like asthma. It measures airflow and lung volumes. PFTs can help diagnose and categorize restrictive and obstructive lung conditions. While useful, PFTs remain underutilized in pediatrics due to challenges with availability, expertise, and limited reference data in children. Proper technique and effort are important for accurate PFT results.
This document discusses the evaluation and causes of chronic diarrhea. It begins by defining chronic diarrhea and outlining the normal stool production process. It then describes the main mechanisms that can cause diarrhea - osmotic, secretory, inflammatory, and dysmotility. Specific causes are discussed under each mechanism, including diseases, medications, toxins, and dietary factors. The document outlines the evaluation of a patient with chronic diarrhea, including history, physical exam, stool tests, imaging, and other lab tests. It provides guidance on testing for malabsorption and evaluating postsurgical causes of chronic diarrhea.
This document discusses various conditions that can mimic epilepsy in children. It notes that epilepsy is sometimes underdiagnosed or overdiagnosed due to unusual symptom presentations or epilepsy mimics. Several common epilepsy mimics are described in detail for different age groups, including breath holding spells in infants, tics and parasomnias in children, and syncope in adolescents. Tables compare features of epilepsy mimics to epileptic seizures during sleep and wakefulness. In conclusion, the document emphasizes taking an age- and state-based approach to differentiating epilepsy from conditions it may imitate.
Management of diabetic Ketoacidosis Nelson 21st Ed.manmeet saini
油
A child presented with symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis including lethargy, decreased feeding, abdominal pain, fast breathing, tachycardia, and fruity breath odor. Examination found the child to be drowsy with a blood glucose of 359 mg/dL, and diabetic ketoacidosis was provisionally diagnosed. Stress can exacerbate diabetes by impairing insulin secretion and antagonizing insulin action, promoting the breakdown of fats and sugars that leads to excess ketone production and metabolic acidosis. Treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis involves insulin administration, rehydration, correcting electrolyte imbalances like potassium depletion, and administering bicarbonate if acidosis fails to correct to prevent complications.
This document discusses seizure semiology and how symptoms can help localize seizure onset zones. It outlines various ictal symptoms including sensory phenomena, psychic manifestations, head and limb movements, eye movements, dystonic posturing, automatisms, behavioral changes, and autonomic symptoms. Each symptom is described and associated brain regions are provided to help lateralize or localize seizure onset. Diagnostic protocols for epilepsy rely on detailed analysis of clinical semiology through video-EEG monitoring combined with neuroimaging and other assessments.
This document discusses two cases of pediatric hypocalcemia. The first case involves an 8-year-old girl with vomiting, twitching, and low calcium and vitamin D levels. Her PTH level is high, suggesting pseudohypoparathyroidism type 2B. The second case involves a 1-month-old with abnormal movements, dysmorphic features, a ventricular septal defect, and DiGeorge syndrome based on testing. The document then reviews causes, evaluations, and treatments for hypocalcemia in children.
Cardiology 1.6. Heart Sounds and Murmurs - by Dr. Farjad IkramFarjad Ikram
油
This document provides an overview of heart sounds and murmurs for medical students. It begins with an introduction to heart sounds and auscultation. It then discusses normal heart sounds and abnormalities, including splitting of S2. Third and fourth heart sounds (S3 and S4) are described as well as gallop rhythms. Added heart sounds like ejection clicks, opening snaps, and pericardial knocks are explained. The document concludes with a definition and mechanisms of heart murmurs. Objectives, auscultation sites, and effects of maneuvers on murmurs are also mentioned.
This document discusses the pathophysiology of bilirubin-induced neurological dysfunction (BIND), commonly known as kernicterus. It begins with a brief history of kernicterus and describes the areas of the brain that are most intensely stained by bilirubin, including the basal ganglia. It then explains bilirubin chemistry and solubility, how the blood-brain barrier influences bilirubin entry into the brain, and various cellular mechanisms by which high bilirubin levels can damage neurons. Specifically, bilirubin can uncouple oxidative phosphorylation, interact with and damage membranes, and alter neurotransmitter metabolism. The document concludes by outlining the clinical spectrum of BIND, from acute
This document discusses calcium metabolism and hypercalcemia. It covers normal calcium values, calcium types, metabolism, regulation by hormones like PTH and vitamin D, and the calcium sensing receptor. The main causes of hypercalcemia are primary hyperparathyroidism, malignancy-associated hypercalcemia, and granulomatous diseases. Symptoms range from none in mild cases to multi-organ involvement in severe cases. Diagnosis involves measuring corrected calcium and PTH levels. Treatment aims to lower calcium through hydration, calcitonin, bisphosphonates, glucocorticoids, calcimimetics, or dialysis depending on severity. Surgery in the form of parathyroidectomy may be indicated in
Approach in children with Hepatosplenomegaly
To summarize the key points:
1. A full examination including inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation of the abdomen should be performed to evaluate for hepatosplenomegaly.
2. Common causes include infections, hematological disorders, vascular congestion, tumors and infiltrations, and storage disorders.
3. Initial investigations should include a complete blood count, liver function tests, ultrasound and further testing based on history and exam findings.
4. Treatment is directed at the underlying cause and may include antibiotics for infections, chemotherapy for tumors, or management of metabolic disorders.
Clinical features, mechanism of development of cow milk protein allergy.
Diagnostic algorithm and review of available data about cow milk protein allergy.
This document provides an overview of neonatal cholestasis. It defines cholestasis as diminished bile formation and/or excretion that can result from various disorders. The most common causes of neonatal cholestasis are discussed, including biliary atresia, idiopathic neonatal hepatitis, and choledochal cysts. Signs, symptoms, diagnostic evaluation, and management approaches are described. Liver biopsy may be needed to differentiate between intrahepatic and extrahepatic causes such as biliary atresia. Early surgical intervention via Kasai procedure can improve outcomes for biliary atresia, while supportive care and liver transplantation are options for other etiologies of neonatal cholestasis.
Direct hyperbilirubinaemia in neonate by Dr. Tareq Rahmantareq rahman
油
This document discusses neonatal cholestasis, defined as prolonged conjugated hyperbilirubinemia in newborns. It reviews definitions, pathophysiology, prevalence, etiologies, evaluation, management, and prognosis. The most common causes are neonatal hepatitis, biliary atresia, and idiopathic neonatal hepatitis. Evaluation involves initial labs and imaging to determine if the cause is intrahepatic or extrahepatic. Specific treatments depend on the underlying condition, such as surgery for biliary atresia or liver transplantation for decompensated liver disease. Prognosis depends on factors like etiology, age at treatment, and progression to cirrhosis.
APPROACH TO POLYURIA AND POLYDIPSIA in childrenAnjana KS
油
1. Case 1 involves a 21-month-old boy with failure to thrive, excessive thirst, and heavy urine output. Tests found low urine osmolality and specific gravity despite high serum osmolality, consistent with diabetes insipidus. A water deprivation test showed increased serum sodium and osmolality but no change in dilute urine output.
2. Case 2 is a 4-year-old girl evaluated for polydipsia and polyuria. Tests found low urine osmolality and specific gravity despite high serum osmolality. A water deprivation test increased serum osmolality but urine remained dilute, also consistent with diabetes insipidus.
3. Case 3 is a 6-year
This document provides a method for finding happiness through paying it forward. It encourages the reader to identify what makes them truly happy, clear away distractions, and find ways to help others through the areas that bring them joy. Some examples given are volunteering at an animal shelter and holding a fundraiser. The document also describes a contest where people write about how they want to help others and prizes include money, downloads, and help bringing ideas to life. The overall message is that true happiness comes from being true to oneself and helping others.
This document provides a method for finding happiness through paying it forward. It encourages the reader to identify what makes them truly happy, clear away distractions, and find ways to help others through the areas that bring them joy. Some examples given are volunteering at an animal shelter and holding a fundraiser. The document also describes a contest where people write about how they want to help others and prizes include money, downloads, and help bringing ideas to life. The overall message is that true happiness comes from being true to oneself and helping others.
This document provides a method for finding happiness through paying it forward. It encourages the reader to identify what makes them truly happy, clear away distractions, and find ways to help others through the areas that bring them joy. Some examples given are volunteering at an animal shelter and holding a fundraiser. The document also describes a contest where people write about how they want to help others and prizes include money, downloads, and help bringing ideas to life. The overall message is that true happiness comes from being true to oneself and helping others.
This document provides a method for finding happiness through paying it forward. It encourages the reader to identify what makes them truly happy, clear away distractions, and find ways to help others through the areas that bring them joy. Some examples given are volunteering at an animal shelter and holding a fundraiser. The document also describes a contest where people write about how they want to help others and prizes include money, downloads, and help bringing ideas to life. The overall message is that true happiness comes from being true to oneself and helping others.
This document provides a method for finding happiness through paying it forward. It encourages the reader to identify what makes them truly happy, clear away distractions, and find ways to help others through the areas that bring them joy. Some examples given are volunteering at an animal shelter and holding a fundraiser. The document also describes a contest where people write about how they want to help others and prizes include money, downloads, and help bringing ideas to life. The overall message is that true happiness comes from being true to oneself and helping others.
This document discusses various causes of congenital and chronic diarrhea in children. It defines diarrhea and describes different types including osmotic, secretory, and chronic nonspecific diarrhea. Specific conditions covered include glucose-galactose malabsorption, celiac disease, cystic fibrosis, tufting enteropathy, microvillus inclusion disease, congenital chloride diarrhea, intestinal lymphangiectasia, abetalipoproteinemia, and immunodeficiency-related diarrhea. The diagnostic approach and management strategies for each condition are summarized.
This document provides an overview of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). It discusses that IEM have an overall incidence of 1 in 1000 to 1 in 2000 births. The most common presentation is sepsis in 30% of cases. IEM are classified based on the defective metabolic pathway, such as amino acid metabolism defects, carbohydrate metabolism defects, and organic acidemias. Clinical pointers for suspected IEM include deterioration after apparent normalcy, hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, abnormal urine odor, and dysmorphic features. Evaluation of neonates involves blood tests, blood gases, glucose and ammonia levels, urine analysis, and plasma amino acid analysis to identify specific disorders. Management involves identifying and limiting the offending substance
The document discusses acute hepatitis in children. It begins by describing the classification of liver disease in children as either acute hepatitis or chronic liver disease. For acute hepatitis in infants, the most common causes are neonatal hepatitis from intrauterine viral infections. In children, the most common causes of acute hepatitis are viral infections like hepatitis A and B, as well as medications/drugs. It then provides details on the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of hepatitis A, one of the most common causes of acute hepatitis in children.
Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are used to assess lung function in infants and children. The main types of PFTs include spirometry, plethysmography, and gas dilution techniques. Spirometry is the gold standard test for diagnosing obstructive lung diseases like asthma. It measures airflow and lung volumes. PFTs can help diagnose and categorize restrictive and obstructive lung conditions. While useful, PFTs remain underutilized in pediatrics due to challenges with availability, expertise, and limited reference data in children. Proper technique and effort are important for accurate PFT results.
This document discusses the evaluation and causes of chronic diarrhea. It begins by defining chronic diarrhea and outlining the normal stool production process. It then describes the main mechanisms that can cause diarrhea - osmotic, secretory, inflammatory, and dysmotility. Specific causes are discussed under each mechanism, including diseases, medications, toxins, and dietary factors. The document outlines the evaluation of a patient with chronic diarrhea, including history, physical exam, stool tests, imaging, and other lab tests. It provides guidance on testing for malabsorption and evaluating postsurgical causes of chronic diarrhea.
This document discusses various conditions that can mimic epilepsy in children. It notes that epilepsy is sometimes underdiagnosed or overdiagnosed due to unusual symptom presentations or epilepsy mimics. Several common epilepsy mimics are described in detail for different age groups, including breath holding spells in infants, tics and parasomnias in children, and syncope in adolescents. Tables compare features of epilepsy mimics to epileptic seizures during sleep and wakefulness. In conclusion, the document emphasizes taking an age- and state-based approach to differentiating epilepsy from conditions it may imitate.
Management of diabetic Ketoacidosis Nelson 21st Ed.manmeet saini
油
A child presented with symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis including lethargy, decreased feeding, abdominal pain, fast breathing, tachycardia, and fruity breath odor. Examination found the child to be drowsy with a blood glucose of 359 mg/dL, and diabetic ketoacidosis was provisionally diagnosed. Stress can exacerbate diabetes by impairing insulin secretion and antagonizing insulin action, promoting the breakdown of fats and sugars that leads to excess ketone production and metabolic acidosis. Treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis involves insulin administration, rehydration, correcting electrolyte imbalances like potassium depletion, and administering bicarbonate if acidosis fails to correct to prevent complications.
This document discusses seizure semiology and how symptoms can help localize seizure onset zones. It outlines various ictal symptoms including sensory phenomena, psychic manifestations, head and limb movements, eye movements, dystonic posturing, automatisms, behavioral changes, and autonomic symptoms. Each symptom is described and associated brain regions are provided to help lateralize or localize seizure onset. Diagnostic protocols for epilepsy rely on detailed analysis of clinical semiology through video-EEG monitoring combined with neuroimaging and other assessments.
This document discusses two cases of pediatric hypocalcemia. The first case involves an 8-year-old girl with vomiting, twitching, and low calcium and vitamin D levels. Her PTH level is high, suggesting pseudohypoparathyroidism type 2B. The second case involves a 1-month-old with abnormal movements, dysmorphic features, a ventricular septal defect, and DiGeorge syndrome based on testing. The document then reviews causes, evaluations, and treatments for hypocalcemia in children.
Cardiology 1.6. Heart Sounds and Murmurs - by Dr. Farjad IkramFarjad Ikram
油
This document provides an overview of heart sounds and murmurs for medical students. It begins with an introduction to heart sounds and auscultation. It then discusses normal heart sounds and abnormalities, including splitting of S2. Third and fourth heart sounds (S3 and S4) are described as well as gallop rhythms. Added heart sounds like ejection clicks, opening snaps, and pericardial knocks are explained. The document concludes with a definition and mechanisms of heart murmurs. Objectives, auscultation sites, and effects of maneuvers on murmurs are also mentioned.
This document discusses the pathophysiology of bilirubin-induced neurological dysfunction (BIND), commonly known as kernicterus. It begins with a brief history of kernicterus and describes the areas of the brain that are most intensely stained by bilirubin, including the basal ganglia. It then explains bilirubin chemistry and solubility, how the blood-brain barrier influences bilirubin entry into the brain, and various cellular mechanisms by which high bilirubin levels can damage neurons. Specifically, bilirubin can uncouple oxidative phosphorylation, interact with and damage membranes, and alter neurotransmitter metabolism. The document concludes by outlining the clinical spectrum of BIND, from acute
This document discusses calcium metabolism and hypercalcemia. It covers normal calcium values, calcium types, metabolism, regulation by hormones like PTH and vitamin D, and the calcium sensing receptor. The main causes of hypercalcemia are primary hyperparathyroidism, malignancy-associated hypercalcemia, and granulomatous diseases. Symptoms range from none in mild cases to multi-organ involvement in severe cases. Diagnosis involves measuring corrected calcium and PTH levels. Treatment aims to lower calcium through hydration, calcitonin, bisphosphonates, glucocorticoids, calcimimetics, or dialysis depending on severity. Surgery in the form of parathyroidectomy may be indicated in
Approach in children with Hepatosplenomegaly
To summarize the key points:
1. A full examination including inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation of the abdomen should be performed to evaluate for hepatosplenomegaly.
2. Common causes include infections, hematological disorders, vascular congestion, tumors and infiltrations, and storage disorders.
3. Initial investigations should include a complete blood count, liver function tests, ultrasound and further testing based on history and exam findings.
4. Treatment is directed at the underlying cause and may include antibiotics for infections, chemotherapy for tumors, or management of metabolic disorders.
Clinical features, mechanism of development of cow milk protein allergy.
Diagnostic algorithm and review of available data about cow milk protein allergy.
This document provides an overview of neonatal cholestasis. It defines cholestasis as diminished bile formation and/or excretion that can result from various disorders. The most common causes of neonatal cholestasis are discussed, including biliary atresia, idiopathic neonatal hepatitis, and choledochal cysts. Signs, symptoms, diagnostic evaluation, and management approaches are described. Liver biopsy may be needed to differentiate between intrahepatic and extrahepatic causes such as biliary atresia. Early surgical intervention via Kasai procedure can improve outcomes for biliary atresia, while supportive care and liver transplantation are options for other etiologies of neonatal cholestasis.
Direct hyperbilirubinaemia in neonate by Dr. Tareq Rahmantareq rahman
油
This document discusses neonatal cholestasis, defined as prolonged conjugated hyperbilirubinemia in newborns. It reviews definitions, pathophysiology, prevalence, etiologies, evaluation, management, and prognosis. The most common causes are neonatal hepatitis, biliary atresia, and idiopathic neonatal hepatitis. Evaluation involves initial labs and imaging to determine if the cause is intrahepatic or extrahepatic. Specific treatments depend on the underlying condition, such as surgery for biliary atresia or liver transplantation for decompensated liver disease. Prognosis depends on factors like etiology, age at treatment, and progression to cirrhosis.
APPROACH TO POLYURIA AND POLYDIPSIA in childrenAnjana KS
油
1. Case 1 involves a 21-month-old boy with failure to thrive, excessive thirst, and heavy urine output. Tests found low urine osmolality and specific gravity despite high serum osmolality, consistent with diabetes insipidus. A water deprivation test showed increased serum sodium and osmolality but no change in dilute urine output.
2. Case 2 is a 4-year-old girl evaluated for polydipsia and polyuria. Tests found low urine osmolality and specific gravity despite high serum osmolality. A water deprivation test increased serum osmolality but urine remained dilute, also consistent with diabetes insipidus.
3. Case 3 is a 6-year
This document provides a method for finding happiness through paying it forward. It encourages the reader to identify what makes them truly happy, clear away distractions, and find ways to help others through the areas that bring them joy. Some examples given are volunteering at an animal shelter and holding a fundraiser. The document also describes a contest where people write about how they want to help others and prizes include money, downloads, and help bringing ideas to life. The overall message is that true happiness comes from being true to oneself and helping others.
This document provides a method for finding happiness through paying it forward. It encourages the reader to identify what makes them truly happy, clear away distractions, and find ways to help others through the areas that bring them joy. Some examples given are volunteering at an animal shelter and holding a fundraiser. The document also describes a contest where people write about how they want to help others and prizes include money, downloads, and help bringing ideas to life. The overall message is that true happiness comes from being true to oneself and helping others.
This document provides a method for finding happiness through paying it forward. It encourages the reader to identify what makes them truly happy, clear away distractions, and find ways to help others through the areas that bring them joy. Some examples given are volunteering at an animal shelter and holding a fundraiser. The document also describes a contest where people write about how they want to help others and prizes include money, downloads, and help bringing ideas to life. The overall message is that true happiness comes from being true to oneself and helping others.
This document provides a method for finding happiness through paying it forward. It encourages the reader to identify what makes them truly happy, clear away distractions, and find ways to help others through the areas that bring them joy. Some examples given are volunteering at an animal shelter and holding a fundraiser. The document also describes a contest where people write about how they want to help others and prizes include money, downloads, and help bringing ideas to life. The overall message is that true happiness comes from being true to oneself and helping others.
This document provides a method for finding happiness through paying it forward. It encourages the reader to identify what makes them truly happy, clear away distractions, and find ways to help others through the areas that bring them joy. Some examples given are volunteering at an animal shelter and holding a fundraiser. The document also describes a contest where people write about how they want to help others and prizes include money, downloads, and help bringing ideas to life. The overall message is that true happiness comes from being true to oneself and helping others.
This document provides a method for finding happiness through paying it forward. It encourages the reader to identify what makes them truly happy, clear away distractions, and find ways to help others through the areas that bring them joy. Some examples given are volunteering at an animal shelter and holding a fundraiser. The document also describes a contest where people write about how they want to help others and prizes include money, downloads, and help bringing ideas to life. The overall message is that true happiness comes from being true to oneself and helping others.
This document provides a method for finding happiness through paying it forward. It encourages the reader to identify what makes them truly happy, clear away distractions, and find ways to help others through the areas that bring them joy. Some examples given are volunteering at an animal shelter and holding a fundraiser. The document also describes a contest where people write about how they want to help others and prizes include money, downloads, and help bringing ideas to life. The overall message is that true happiness comes from being true to oneself and helping others.
This document provides a method for finding happiness through paying it forward. It encourages the reader to identify what makes them truly happy, clear away distractions, and find ways to help others through the areas that bring them joy. Some examples given are volunteering at an animal shelter and holding a fundraiser. The document also describes a contest where people write about how they want to help others and prizes include money, downloads, and help bringing ideas to life. The overall message is that true happiness comes from being true to oneself and helping others.
Engagement and challenge are keys to becoming readers and writers. K-7 strategies to stretch the reading and writing skills of students while everyone has fun.
You've got an idea for a food memoir, or a narrative or even a cookbook, but you're not sure what direction to head or how to contain the many many idea you've got exploding in that industrious head of yours. Or, you're debating the route you've taken with your blog. Even a cookbook needs a narrative, a hook, a clarifying concept. A blog needs an identity. A memoir needs a clear narrative. When facing a big project, it's easy to look at the examples of success. But imitation begs a question. What makes you unique? What's your story? In this four-hour optional workshop, we'll spend some time looking at these questions, along with what makes notable food stories endure, regardless of the media in which they appear. You'll complete a series of exercises to help you start thinking about your how to find a voice for your work. We'll discuss and flesh out your concepts within a small group environment. The most difficult part of being a writer is finding your voice; the toughest part of being an author or a blogger is determining a clear way forward. Let's start the process of finding both together.
This newsletter provides information about upcoming events at the KELC preschool for the month of October. It includes details about field trips to Apple Hill and the Natural History Museum, intergenerational play dates, swimming days, and picture day. It also announces two student birthdays and shares updates from each classroom about their curriculum and recent activities. Fundraising efforts exceeded their $500 goal.
You can naturally be a whiner but to become a WINNER you need to plan, learn, and work hard. Remember that if you don't have a plan, you will fit into somebody else's plan.
Storytimes are a staple of public library service, but few MLIS programs provide training in presenting storytimes. This presentation demonstrates the basic steps and structure of a typical storytime to get beginners started.
This document provides a lesson plan for day 3 of genre study on realistic fiction. It includes a question of the day about talents to share in a talent show. It previews a read aloud of a poem by Robert Louis Stevenson called "A Good Play." It provides vocabulary and grammar instruction including syllable division, fluency, plot elements, fables, and context clues. Robust vocabulary words are defined. The document models comparing ideas in a paragraph and using possessive nouns.
1) The students learned about different roles in their school community by brainstorming, drawing pictures, and putting people into groups.
2) They decided to ask questions of community members to learn more, creating interview questions like "What is your name?" and "What is your job?".
3) After interviewing teachers, staff, and parents, the students sorted what they learned by making a map of the school and riddles about community roles.
This literacy bag contains 7 dog-themed books and 5 enrichment activities to promote early literacy skills for a kindergartener and their family. The bag includes activities like "Doggy Detective" which has the child find hidden paw prints to unlock a secret game, "Fetch a Rhyme" to develop phonemic awareness through rhyming, and "Retelling Rocket" to improve story comprehension and retelling skills. The overview provides instructions on when to complete each activity and book to maximize literacy development. The family is asked to complete the activities together over 2 weeks and return the bag with a completed evaluation form.
- Psychology is the study of inner feelings and behaviors. Its history began in the late 1800s but concepts date back further. It has progressed through various waves of thought.
- Current psychology incorporates multiple perspectives, picking from seven main schools - biopsychology, evolutionary, psychoanalytic, behavioral, humanist, cognitive, and social-cultural approaches.
- Key ongoing debates center around nature vs nurture, stability vs change, and continuity vs discontinuity. Exam advice includes getting rest, eating, time management, and persevering through challenges.
Here are the key steps I would apply from this quote to my own situation:
1. Recognize that staying the same and not growing or changing is like remaining an egg - it will only lead to rotting or decay over time. Constant growth and evolution is needed.
2. Understand that major changes or transformations, like an egg turning into a bird, will be difficult but are necessary for progress. Staying comfortable in one's current form provides short-term ease but limits long-term potential.
3. Have the courage to step out of one's shell even if it means facing uncertainty or discomfort. Hatched eggs become birds and can fly; remaining eggs are limited in what they can experience and accomplish.
This document provides information for a sophomore English class on neuromarketing. It includes answers to questions about neuromarketing from a previous lecture. The answers are:
1. Neuromarketing is different because it studies brain reactions to products and advertising.
2. Researchers can know what part of the brain is used when a person looks at an ad or product.
3. In a blind taste test of Coke and Pepsi, the results were equal. When brand names were given, 75% chose Coke over Pepsi.
4. Some people worry about neuromarketing because it could be used to influence people without them knowing.
The document instructs students to write
This document discusses various hobbies and activities that students can engage in, such as singing, playing games, reading, and guessing hobbies. Students are asked to describe popular hobbies in their group, ask and answer questions about different hobbies, and give advice on what hobby to choose. They are also tasked with matching hobbies to groups, listening to a conversation to identify hobbies, and asking each other about their hobbies. The homework assignments involve writing an article about hobbies popular in their family and preparing a report on an unusual hobby.
The document describes a "Munchable Computer Station" invention that allows computer gamers to play games for long periods uninterrupted while eating nutritious plants directly from the computer. It suggests setting up the computer and placing some plants next to it so the gamer can munch on the plants without pausing their game, thus combining their computer and food into a single "Munchable Computer Station".
The team brainstormed potential new uses for gum but found that most good ideas had already been done. They then discussed how annoying gum chewing can be and decided to explore potential benefits of this "repulsion factor." They came up with the idea of marketing "Deterrent of Social Intrusions (DSI) Gum" to use obnoxious gum chewing as a way to make unwanted people leave you alone, such as getting rid of a boring blind date or having a park bench to yourself. By focusing on the negative aspect of gum chewing, they found a new opportunity for gum's use.
This presentation was created as part of a team project for Designing a New Learning Environment, MOOC offered by Stanford University, Fall 2012. Team members who contributed to this presentation are Kimberly Hayworth, Cathleen Galas, Laura Gibbs, Susan Lieberman, Donna Murdoch.
Teaching through Multimedia Storytelling (or getting the dog to whistle!)Susan Lieberman
油
This document is a summary of a presentation about using multimedia storytelling in teaching. It explores why stories are effective teaching tools, providing memory cues, context, and emotions. Examples show how stories can increase understanding, such as a poem about Napoleon. The presentation discusses finding stories, telling them engagingly, and using PowerPoint features like animation, video and sound. It emphasizes making stories culturally sensitive and having fun to actively involve students in learning.
Welcome to these slides about using and creating Rubrics for College. Learn, share and enjoy this slideshow, and uncover some useful information that you can immediately apply to make your life easier while enhancing the learning experience of your students!
How to attach file using upload button Odoo 18Celine George
油
In this slide, well discuss on how to attach file using upload button Odoo 18. Odoo features a dedicated model, 'ir.attachments,' designed for storing attachments submitted by end users. We can see the process of utilizing the 'ir.attachments' model to enable file uploads through web forms in this slide.
Research & Research Methods: Basic Concepts and Types.pptxDr. Sarita Anand
油
This ppt has been made for the students pursuing PG in social science and humanities like M.Ed., M.A. (Education), Ph.D. Scholars. It will be also beneficial for the teachers and other faculty members interested in research and teaching research concepts.
APM People Interest Network Conference 2025
-Autonomy, Teams and Tension: Projects under stress
-Tim Lyons
-The neurological levels of
team-working: Harmony and tensions
With a background in projects spanning more than 40 years, Tim Lyons specialised in the delivery of large, complex, multi-disciplinary programmes for clients including Crossrail, Network Rail, ExxonMobil, Siemens and in patent development. His first career was in broadcasting, where he designed and built commercial radio station studios in Manchester, Cardiff and Bristol, also working as a presenter and programme producer. Tim now writes and presents extensively on matters relating to the human and neurological aspects of projects, including communication, ethics and coaching. He holds a Masters degree in NLP, is an NLP Master Practitioner and International Coach. He is the Deputy Lead for APMs People Interest Network.
Session | The Neurological Levels of Team-working: Harmony and Tensions
Understanding how teams really work at conscious and unconscious levels is critical to a harmonious workplace. This session uncovers what those levels are, how to use them to detect and avoid tensions and how to smooth the management of change by checking you have considered all of them.
Computer Application in Business (commerce)Sudar Sudar
油
The main objectives
1. To introduce the concept of computer and its various parts. 2. To explain the concept of data base management system and Management information system.
3. To provide insight about networking and basics of internet
Recall various terms of computer and its part
Understand the meaning of software, operating system, programming language and its features
Comparing Data Vs Information and its management system Understanding about various concepts of management information system
Explain about networking and elements based on internet
1. Recall the various concepts relating to computer and its various parts
2 Understand the meaning of softwares, operating system etc
3 Understanding the meaning and utility of database management system
4 Evaluate the various aspects of management information system
5 Generating more ideas regarding the use of internet for business purpose
How to use Init Hooks in Odoo 18 - Odoo 際際滷sCeline George
油
In this slide, well discuss on how to use Init Hooks in Odoo 18. In Odoo, Init Hooks are essential functions specified as strings in the __init__ file of a module.
Finals of Kaun TALHA : a Travel, Architecture, Lifestyle, Heritage and Activism quiz, organized by Conquiztadors, the Quiz society of Sri Venkateswara College under their annual quizzing fest El Dorado 2025.
Finals of Rass MELAI : a Music, Entertainment, Literature, Arts and Internet Culture Quiz organized by Conquiztadors, the Quiz society of Sri Venkateswara College under their annual quizzing fest El Dorado 2025.
Digital Tools with AI for e-Content Development.pptxDr. Sarita Anand
油
This ppt is useful for not only for B.Ed., M.Ed., M.A. (Education) or any other PG level students or Ph.D. scholars but also for the school, college and university teachers who are interested to prepare an e-content with AI for their students and others.
Blind spots in AI and Formulation Science, IFPAC 2025.pdfAjaz Hussain
油
The intersection of AI and pharmaceutical formulation science highlights significant blind spotssystemic gaps in pharmaceutical development, regulatory oversight, quality assurance, and the ethical use of AIthat could jeopardize patient safety and undermine public trust. To move forward effectively, we must address these normalized blind spots, which may arise from outdated assumptions, errors, gaps in previous knowledge, and biases in language or regulatory inertia. This is essential to ensure that AI and formulation science are developed as tools for patient-centered and ethical healthcare.
1. How to Choose a Pet
Prepared for A Crash Course on Creativity Spring 2013
Team Gx2: Mannie Zeller & Susan Lieberman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike
2.5 Canada License.
3. When Cosmo left us
we were so sad - Cosmo had been a
dear friend to all of us and we missed
him very much. Our other cat, Millie, had
lost her companion.
4. A New Pet?
At first, we mourned him. And
then, we started to think about
getting another pet.
It didnt have to be another cat
We decided to
6. We started to brainstorm the
question How would you pick
the right pet for you?
But, this course taught us to
look carefully at framing of
questions
Looking closer at the question,
we realized that what we were
actually brainstorming was
What factors would you
consider when choosing a pet?
8. But, then we stopped to get
our bearings and realized that
we had veered into
considering How do you find
the right pet?
So, our brainstorming took a
different direction
11. But our third excellent brainstormer then
pointed out an interesting fact
The broader the question, the better the
brainstorming; the narrower the question,
the less effective the brainstorming
At which point, we started to have some
fun brainstorming How do you take care
of your pet if your pet is the planet Earth?
12. Put a
shawl
around the
world for
comfort
The Earth
needs to
be
nourished
The
earth
needs a
protector
yea for
the sun
The Earth
needs a
friend -
yea the
moon
The
world
should
sing
The
world
needs to
dance
The
world
needs
colour
The
world
needs
love
Let the
world
begin!
Give the
world a
parade
11 more items
Will the
earth purr?
13. Or If PET stands for
Peace on Earth
Through-out, how can
we have world PET?
14. At the end of the
day, we realized that
even though we had
brainstormed more than
100 ideas, what we
really wanted was to
figure out how to select
a new cat to be our
special friend (and
Millies, too)
15. So our final brainstorming
looked at a combination of
the questions
How should we find a new
cat to be Millies
companion?
Where will we find a new
cat or kitten?
What kind of cat or kitten
should we get?
16. And we decided to
do all the expected
things, like
research
breeds, track cat
ads, visit one or
more animal
shelters, and talk
with friends
18. Sources of Images
Images and sounds in this
presentation not already cited are from
the following subscribed (s) or royalty-
free (r) sources
Microsoft Office clips (s)
www.iStock.com (s)
www.Animation.com (s)
Wikipedia Commons
18