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data structure transaction durability 1-tier architeture single tier dual tier 2-tier architecture 3-tier architecture client-server architecture ansi-sparc architecture three tier ansi sparc architecture logic families digital electronics ttl cmos fanin fanout avl tree ds balanced binary tree types of binary tree height balance binary search tree stack lifo structure linear data structure abstract data type non primitive data structure database database management system dbms atomicity consistency isolation acid properties propagation delay type of markets oligopoly duopoly monopoly perfect maket perfect competition c++ object oriented programming operator operator overloading type conversion conversion class class conversion code coding examples notes ecl mos rtl dtl cost cost types opportunity cost money cost real cost accounting cost economic cost private cost social cost fixed cost variable cost average cost marginal cost market