This document discusses gerunds and participles. Gerunds are verbals ending in "-ing" that function as nouns and can be used as subjects, direct objects, subject complements, or objects of prepositions. Participles are verbals used as adjectives, ending in "-ing" or "-ed", and there are two types - present participles ending in "-ing" and past participles ending in "-ed". Examples are provided to illustrate the use of gerunds and participles.