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Solid Waste
- 1. Presentation Topic: SOLID WASTE Presentator: Faisal Waseem Faculty: Sir Laung Khan Session:2k22-2k25 CON SIR C.J IPBS HYDERABAD
- 2. At the end of this presentation, the learners will be able to:  Define Refuse/Solid waste .  Describe Sewage  Explain methods of disposal of Solid waste.  References
- 3.  The useless and unwanted products in the solid state derived from the activities and discarded by society.  It is produced either by-product of production processes or arise form the domestic or commercial sector when objects or materials are discarded after use.  Solid waste is useless and sometimes hazardous material with low liquid content.
- 4.  Solid waste includes solids or semisolids, non-soluble materials, such as municipal garbage, agricultural and animal husbandry operations refuse, demolition waste, industrial and commercial waste, and mining residues.
- 5.  Eight main sources of solid wastes are as follows: 1. Municipal solid wastes 2. Industrial Solid Wastes 3. Mining solid wastes 4. Fertilizers 5. Pesticides and Biocides 6. Excretory products of humans and livestock 7. Electronic wastes 8. Hospital Wastes.
- 6.  Sewage is a type of wastewater that is produced by a community of people.  It is typically transported through a sewer system. Sewage consists of wastewater discharged from residences and from commercial, institutional and public facilities that exist in the locality.
- 7.  Wastewater comes from ordinary living processes: bathing, toilet flushing, laundry, dishwashing, etc.  It comes from residential and domestic sources. Commercial wastewater comes from non- domestic sources, such as beauty salon, furniture refinishing, musical instrument cleaning, or auto body repair shops.
- 9.  Solid waste disposal management is usually referred to the process of collecting and treating solid wastes.  It provides solutions for recycling items that do not belong to garbage or trash.  Solid waste management can be described as how solid waste can be changed and used as a valuable resource.
- 10. 1) Solid Waste Open Burning 2) Sea dumping process 3) Solid wastes sanitary landfills 4) Incineration method 5) Composting process 6) Disposal by Ploughing into the fields 7) Disposal by hog feeding 8) Salvaging procedure 9) Fermentation 10) Biological digestion
- 11. 1. Solid Waste Open Burning: Solid waste open burning is not the perfect method in the present scenario. 2. Sea Dumping Process This sea dumping process can be carried out only in coastal cities. This is very costly procedure and not environment friendly.
- 12. 3. Solid wastes sanitary landfills × Solid wastes sanitary landfills process is simple, clean and effective. × In this procedure, a deep trench of 3 to 5 m is excavated and micro-organisms act on the organic matter and degrade them.
- 13. 4. Incineration method × Incineration method is suitable for combustible refuse. × High operation costs and construction are involved in this procedure. × It can be used to reduce the volume of solid wastes for land filling
- 14. 5. Composting process: × Composting process is similar to sanitary land-filling and it is popular in developing countries. × Decomposable organic matter is separated and composted in this procedure. × They can be used as a base for fertilizers.
- 15. 6. Disposal by Ploughing into the fields × Disposal by ploughing into the fields are not commonly used. × These disposals are not environment friendly in general.
- 16. 7. Disposal by hog feeding Refuse is ground well in grinders and then fed into sewers. Disposal of residual refuse
- 17. 8. Salvaging procedure  Materials such as metal, paper, glass, rags, certain types of plastic and so on can be salvaged, recycled, and reused.
- 18. 9. Fermentation: Fermentation is the process of sugars being broken down by enzymes of microorganisms in the absence of oxygen.
- 19. 10. Biological digestion Biodegradable wastes are converted to compost and recycling can be done whenever possible. Hazardous wastes can be disposed using suitable methods.