The Arab conquest of Sindh in the subcontinent was caused by rescuing Muslim ships from pirates, spreading Islam, and the imperialism of Hajjaj and political/religious prejudice of Raja Dahir. This conquest led to cooperation in education, the spread of Islam, development of trade relationships, and translation of Hindu literature into Arabic. The Arab conquest of Sindh planted the seeds for Islamic civilization in the region and opened the path for further Muslim invasions of the subcontinent.