際際滷

際際滷Share a Scribd company logo

0901 Ippc For Me Ps15

Download as PPTX, PDF
P
Philippe de Casabianca

The document discusses the Industrial Emissions Directive which aims to regulate industrial emissions through permits and best available techniques. It outlines the key principles and mechanisms of the previous Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive that the new directive seeks to update and simplify. Concerns are raised that the proposed directive risks taking a "one size fits all" approach that does not sufficiently account for local conditions and technical characteristics. It is argued that the directive needs a more sustainable and pragmatic approach to ensure effective yet proportionate environmental protection.

1 of 21
Downloaded 11 times
1Industrial Emissions DirectiveSecondReading
2Industrial Emissions DirectiveThe European Parliamentisdiscussing the Industrial Emissions Directive as adopted by the Council for the second reading.This Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) aims to protect all sorts of environments from industrial emissions, in a global framework of permits.In an optimizedapproach, with a view to sustainableenvironmental protection, the IED shouldtakeintoaccountthe differentlocal conditions (climate, topography) and differenttechnicalcharacteristicsof the plants and processes
3Industrial Emissions DirectiveEU history of industrialemissionsregulationSomemilestonesbeforethe IED The London smog in 1952 resulted in the Clean Air Act; the start of environmentallegislation.The EU started legislating 30 years ago :1975:Waste Framework Directive1978,1982, 1992:TitaniumDioxide Directives1988: Large Combustion Plant Directive1999:Solvent Emissions Directive2000:WasteIncineration DirectiveThatwas a sectoralapproachuntil
4Industrial Emissions Directive the launch of the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive (IPPC) in 1996The purpose was to regulateindustrialemissions so as to ensure a high level of protection of the environment as a wholeemissions to air, water, land
generation of wastes
use of raw materials
energy efficiency
noise & vibrations
prevention of accidents5Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatis the basis of the 1996 IPPC Directive?There are four key strong principles:An integrated and combined approachThe use of Best Available Techniques (BAT) , The use of specific solutions adapted to the different environments and industrial plants The requirement of public consultation during permit process.Deadline for implementation was October 2007
6Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhat are the keyelements of the IPPC directive?1) BREFs - The Seville Process produces the BREFs (Best available technique REFerence documents) for each industrial sector.The objective is to inform the relevant decision-makers about the Best Available Technique. They are produced by the Seville Process involving stakeholders.2) The BAT (Best Available Techniques) found in the BREFs are the most effective techniques that are technically and economically available to industry in order to achieve a high general level protection of the environment.
7Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhat are the keyelementsin the IPPC directive?3) BATAELs (BATAssociated Emission Levels) are indicative emission levels (found in the BREFs) and relate to the efficiency of the techniques. They are to be used as a reference for establishing specific-siteEmission Limit Values. They do not take account of process fluctuations or specific circumstances. 4) ELVs (Emission Limit Values) are safeguards to prevent/minimise environmental impact at the site location. They are not set in the BREF documents. They are legallybinding.
8Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhat are the keyelementsin the IPPC Directive?5) Techniques include both the technology used and the way in which the installation is designed built, maintained, quoted and decommissionned6) Available techniques: those developed on a sacle which allows implementation in the relevant industrial sectorunder economically and technicallyviable conditions, taking into consideration the costs and advantages, whether or not the techniques are used or produced inside the State in question, as long as they are accessible to the operator. 7) Best means most effective in achieving a high general level of protection for the environment as a whole
9Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatis the basis of the 1996 IPPC directive?There is one underlying approach:Both the industrial operator and the regulator must take an integrated overall look at the installations and all their environmental impacts, using the European BREF (technical reference document) as a guideline, when taking decisions on how the installations should be operated.Problem:an unevenimplementationacross States
10Industrial Emissions DirectiveA reshapingprocess has been launched 1st reading voteEuropeanParliament2009 Amendment in ENVI Vote inENVICouncil of MinistersJune 25th2009 2 nd readingJuly 2010May 2010End of March 2010ENVI (responsible) ALDE: Mr Holger Krahmer(rapporteur)EPP-DE: Mrs ElisabettaGardiniPSE: Mrs Asa WestlundGUE: Mrs Sabine WilsGreens: Mrs Mich竪le Rivasi & Bas EickhoutECR: Martin Callanan
11Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatwerethe initial ideas of the Commission?A motive to simplify and strengthendrove the IED draft:1) A more stringentapproachwith a view to achievinggreaterconsistency in level of implementation.2) Tighter Europe-wide Emission Limit Values for large combustion plants and for titaniumdioxide industries3) An initial quantitative soilassessmentwithremediationto the original state when the permit ceases.4) A combination of 6 existing directives , including the IPPC directivein a single text to simplifyenvironmental permitting.In fact, some key elements of this IED approach, an over-simplification, mayleadto 束a one size fits all strategy損, whichdoes not alwaysfacilitate an adaptedenvironmental protection
12Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatwerethe initial ideas of the Commission?A motive of betterefficiency in the IED draft:* The IED directive aimsto disseminatebest availabletechnologies for the highestlevel of emissionreductions** The directive facilitatesrequirementsbeyond EU agreedstandards ! (art 14.4)*** The directive emphasizeson quantification as trigger for remediationas itisseen as a simple criterion (art 22.2)**** Soil and ground water monitoring always focus on regular surveillance and periodicsamplings(art 14.1)In fact, the efficiencyaimshouldbebacked up by a more sustainablestrategywhichshouldkeepon boardenvironmental, social and economic impacts.
13Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatis the mechanism of the proposals?emission If you compare the averageemissions of a unit withthose of otherunits of the samekind youcandefineBest Available Techniques (BAT) for thisprocess and theirrelatedaverageemissionlevels (BATAELs)number of units
14Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatis the mechanism of the proposals?emission To achieve BATAEL on the average, set Emission Limit Values (ELVs) for normal operationaccordinglytime
15Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatisour position ?The 1st reading Council common position has improvedthe IED draftThe One size fits all approach is not an absolute guarantee to achieve highest environmental protection and consistent implementation of an integrated approach.That iswhy the provisions allowinguseful and justified local adaptation for more sustainableenvironmental protection must bebettersecured.
16Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatisour position ?A sustainableIED needs to be in line withconcretespecificneeds:Differentemissionsbehavedifferently in different locations: => competentauthorities must beauthorized to grantjustifiedflexibility. (support Art 15.4)Environmentalprotection needs a costbenefitanalysis on the reductions and sideeffects : =>goingbeyondBest Available Techniques by competentauthorities must befullyjustified(amend art 14.4); => remediationmeasures must bebased on technical and economicfeasibility(amend art 22.3)
17Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatisour position ?A pragmaticIED needs to be in line withconcretespecificneeds:The BATAEL must bebased on representativedatasetsfrom all over the EU (support Art 13)

More Related Content

0901 Ippc For Me Ps15

  • 2. 2Industrial Emissions DirectiveThe European Parliamentisdiscussing the Industrial Emissions Directive as adopted by the Council for the second reading.This Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) aims to protect all sorts of environments from industrial emissions, in a global framework of permits.In an optimizedapproach, with a view to sustainableenvironmental protection, the IED shouldtakeintoaccountthe differentlocal conditions (climate, topography) and differenttechnicalcharacteristicsof the plants and processes
  • 3. 3Industrial Emissions DirectiveEU history of industrialemissionsregulationSomemilestonesbeforethe IED The London smog in 1952 resulted in the Clean Air Act; the start of environmentallegislation.The EU started legislating 30 years ago :1975:Waste Framework Directive1978,1982, 1992:TitaniumDioxide Directives1988: Large Combustion Plant Directive1999:Solvent Emissions Directive2000:WasteIncineration DirectiveThatwas a sectoralapproachuntil
  • 4. 4Industrial Emissions Directive the launch of the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive (IPPC) in 1996The purpose was to regulateindustrialemissions so as to ensure a high level of protection of the environment as a wholeemissions to air, water, land
  • 6. use of raw materials
  • 9. prevention of accidents5Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatis the basis of the 1996 IPPC Directive?There are four key strong principles:An integrated and combined approachThe use of Best Available Techniques (BAT) , The use of specific solutions adapted to the different environments and industrial plants The requirement of public consultation during permit process.Deadline for implementation was October 2007
  • 10. 6Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhat are the keyelements of the IPPC directive?1) BREFs - The Seville Process produces the BREFs (Best available technique REFerence documents) for each industrial sector.The objective is to inform the relevant decision-makers about the Best Available Technique. They are produced by the Seville Process involving stakeholders.2) The BAT (Best Available Techniques) found in the BREFs are the most effective techniques that are technically and economically available to industry in order to achieve a high general level protection of the environment.
  • 11. 7Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhat are the keyelementsin the IPPC directive?3) BATAELs (BATAssociated Emission Levels) are indicative emission levels (found in the BREFs) and relate to the efficiency of the techniques. They are to be used as a reference for establishing specific-siteEmission Limit Values. They do not take account of process fluctuations or specific circumstances. 4) ELVs (Emission Limit Values) are safeguards to prevent/minimise environmental impact at the site location. They are not set in the BREF documents. They are legallybinding.
  • 12. 8Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhat are the keyelementsin the IPPC Directive?5) Techniques include both the technology used and the way in which the installation is designed built, maintained, quoted and decommissionned6) Available techniques: those developed on a sacle which allows implementation in the relevant industrial sectorunder economically and technicallyviable conditions, taking into consideration the costs and advantages, whether or not the techniques are used or produced inside the State in question, as long as they are accessible to the operator. 7) Best means most effective in achieving a high general level of protection for the environment as a whole
  • 13. 9Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatis the basis of the 1996 IPPC directive?There is one underlying approach:Both the industrial operator and the regulator must take an integrated overall look at the installations and all their environmental impacts, using the European BREF (technical reference document) as a guideline, when taking decisions on how the installations should be operated.Problem:an unevenimplementationacross States
  • 14. 10Industrial Emissions DirectiveA reshapingprocess has been launched 1st reading voteEuropeanParliament2009 Amendment in ENVI Vote inENVICouncil of MinistersJune 25th2009 2 nd readingJuly 2010May 2010End of March 2010ENVI (responsible) ALDE: Mr Holger Krahmer(rapporteur)EPP-DE: Mrs ElisabettaGardiniPSE: Mrs Asa WestlundGUE: Mrs Sabine WilsGreens: Mrs Mich竪le Rivasi & Bas EickhoutECR: Martin Callanan
  • 15. 11Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatwerethe initial ideas of the Commission?A motive to simplify and strengthendrove the IED draft:1) A more stringentapproachwith a view to achievinggreaterconsistency in level of implementation.2) Tighter Europe-wide Emission Limit Values for large combustion plants and for titaniumdioxide industries3) An initial quantitative soilassessmentwithremediationto the original state when the permit ceases.4) A combination of 6 existing directives , including the IPPC directivein a single text to simplifyenvironmental permitting.In fact, some key elements of this IED approach, an over-simplification, mayleadto 束a one size fits all strategy損, whichdoes not alwaysfacilitate an adaptedenvironmental protection
  • 16. 12Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatwerethe initial ideas of the Commission?A motive of betterefficiency in the IED draft:* The IED directive aimsto disseminatebest availabletechnologies for the highestlevel of emissionreductions** The directive facilitatesrequirementsbeyond EU agreedstandards ! (art 14.4)*** The directive emphasizeson quantification as trigger for remediationas itisseen as a simple criterion (art 22.2)**** Soil and ground water monitoring always focus on regular surveillance and periodicsamplings(art 14.1)In fact, the efficiencyaimshouldbebacked up by a more sustainablestrategywhichshouldkeepon boardenvironmental, social and economic impacts.
  • 17. 13Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatis the mechanism of the proposals?emission If you compare the averageemissions of a unit withthose of otherunits of the samekind youcandefineBest Available Techniques (BAT) for thisprocess and theirrelatedaverageemissionlevels (BATAELs)number of units
  • 18. 14Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatis the mechanism of the proposals?emission To achieve BATAEL on the average, set Emission Limit Values (ELVs) for normal operationaccordinglytime
  • 19. 15Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatisour position ?The 1st reading Council common position has improvedthe IED draftThe One size fits all approach is not an absolute guarantee to achieve highest environmental protection and consistent implementation of an integrated approach.That iswhy the provisions allowinguseful and justified local adaptation for more sustainableenvironmental protection must bebettersecured.
  • 20. 16Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatisour position ?A sustainableIED needs to be in line withconcretespecificneeds:Differentemissionsbehavedifferently in different locations: => competentauthorities must beauthorized to grantjustifiedflexibility. (support Art 15.4)Environmentalprotection needs a costbenefitanalysis on the reductions and sideeffects : =>goingbeyondBest Available Techniques by competentauthorities must befullyjustified(amend art 14.4); => remediationmeasures must bebased on technical and economicfeasibility(amend art 22.3)
  • 21. 17Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatisour position ?A pragmaticIED needs to be in line withconcretespecificneeds:The BATAEL must bebased on representativedatasetsfrom all over the EU (support Art 13)
  • 22. Combustion installations on chemical sites have a specificcharacter as theyburnspecificfuels:
  • 23. New Emission Limit Values (ELV) shouldbeadaptedto chemical plants burning off gases and residues (support Art 30-9).18Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatisour position ?A sustainable IED shouldbuild on the experience of stakeholdersThe opinion of the relevant stakeholders must betakenintoaccountwhenadoptingdecisions on BAT: => the conclusions of the Sevilleprocess must besafeguardedduring the comitology. (support Art 13.4) => Needfor a stakeholder consultation when setting Emissions Limit Values in case of a missing BREF (amend Art 14.6)
  • 24. 19Industrial Emissions DirectiveWhatisour position ?A sustainable IED needs to givecertainty to investorsInvestment cycles executed and plannedwitha view to compliancewith the LCP Directive must berecognised: => Transitionalnational plans must help progressivelyplannedcompliancewithELVs (support Art 32)New investors on existing sites cannottakeunforseeablelegal and financialrisks: => a risk-basedapproach must bepromoted to analyse the potential contamination of soil(amendArt 22.2)
  • 25. 20Industrial Emissions DirectiveSustainableenvironmental protection wouldbeensuredwith:- Permit conditions thatwouldtakeaccount of site-specificcircumstancesand consideringtechnical & economicfeasibilityEuropean requirements that would be set only where appropriate.- BREFsand BATAELsthatwouldbeusedas a basis for setting ELVsif supported by the appropriateexperience of stakeholders- proportionate and risk-based soil & ground water protection measuresIn short
  • 26. 21Industrial Emissions DirectiveA justifiedlevel of flexibilitycantake on boardenvironmental and economicconsiderationsallowing society and environment to prosper in a sustainableway for the benefit of all