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Modeling System Requirements
Systems Analysis and Design
Models and Modeling
 A model is a representation of some aspect of
the system being built.
 The purpose of models:
 models help the analyst clarify and simplify the
design
 Models assist in the communication between
system users and developers and foster
understanding
Models and Modeling
 Types of models
 Mathematical Models
 Formulas that describe technical aspects of the system
 Descriptive Models
 Narrative memos, reports or lists that describe some
aspect of a system
 Graphical Models
 Diagrams and schematic representations of some
aspect of the system
Models Used in Systems Analysis and Design
 Models created during analysis phase
 Entity-Relationship Diagram
 Activity Diagram
 Models created during the design phase
 Screen/Report Layout
 System Flowchart
 Database Design/Schema
 Network Diagram
 Structure Chart (HIPO)
Entity Relationship Diagram
 An entity relationship diagram is a model used
to define the data storage requirement.
 Data entities
 The things the system needs to store information about
 Contains an identifier and attributes
Entity Relationship Diagram
 A simple ERD:
Customer Order
A customer can place zero
or more orders
Order must be placed by
exactly one customer
Entity Relationship Diagram
 Cardinality Symbols of Relationships
Exactly One
(Mandatory)
Zero or One
(Optional)
Zero or more
(Optional)
One or more
(Mandatory)
Entity Relationship Diagram
 An expanded ERD with attributes shown:
Customer
Cust Number
Name
Address
Phone
Order
Order ID
Order Date
Amount
Order Item
Item ID
Quantity
Price
Screen/Report Layout
Database Design/Schema
Network Diagram
 A computer network diagram is a schematic depicting the
nodes and connections amongst nodes in a computer network
Structure Chart (HIPO)
 A structure
chart is a design
tool that
pictorially shows
the relation
between
processing
modules in
computer
software.
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6 modeling system requirements

  • 2. Models and Modeling A model is a representation of some aspect of the system being built. The purpose of models: models help the analyst clarify and simplify the design Models assist in the communication between system users and developers and foster understanding
  • 3. Models and Modeling Types of models Mathematical Models Formulas that describe technical aspects of the system Descriptive Models Narrative memos, reports or lists that describe some aspect of a system Graphical Models Diagrams and schematic representations of some aspect of the system
  • 4. Models Used in Systems Analysis and Design Models created during analysis phase Entity-Relationship Diagram Activity Diagram Models created during the design phase Screen/Report Layout System Flowchart Database Design/Schema Network Diagram Structure Chart (HIPO)
  • 5. Entity Relationship Diagram An entity relationship diagram is a model used to define the data storage requirement. Data entities The things the system needs to store information about Contains an identifier and attributes
  • 6. Entity Relationship Diagram A simple ERD: Customer Order A customer can place zero or more orders Order must be placed by exactly one customer
  • 7. Entity Relationship Diagram Cardinality Symbols of Relationships Exactly One (Mandatory) Zero or One (Optional) Zero or more (Optional) One or more (Mandatory)
  • 8. Entity Relationship Diagram An expanded ERD with attributes shown: Customer Cust Number Name Address Phone Order Order ID Order Date Amount Order Item Item ID Quantity Price
  • 11. Network Diagram A computer network diagram is a schematic depicting the nodes and connections amongst nodes in a computer network
  • 12. Structure Chart (HIPO) A structure chart is a design tool that pictorially shows the relation between processing modules in computer software.