Absolutism West Euro Louis Xiv
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Louis XIV of France was a quintessential absolute ruler from 1643-1715, centralizing power after domestic turmoil known as the Fronde in the 1640s under his chief minister Cardinal Mazarin. Louis XIV moved the royal court to the grand Palace of Versailles to consolidate his authority and pursued religious and economic policies through his minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert, though extensive wars against the Dutch and others weakened France by the early 1700s.
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Wars Of Religion Thirty Years WarDave Budt
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The Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) was a destructive conflict fought primarily in Central Europe that marked the end of religious wars. It began when Protestant nobles in Bohemia rebelled against Catholic rule and defenestrated imperial representatives. This led the Holy Roman Emperor to attempt to annihilate Protestantism in Bohemia, sparking wider war. The war had multiple phases involving Denmark, Sweden, and France intervening on the Protestant side against Catholic forces until the 1648 Treaty of Westphalia ended the war and Catholic dominance in Germany while establishing Calvinism alongside Lutheranism and dividing Germany politically for centuries.Wars Of Religion Spain Netherlands
Wars Of Religion Spain NetherlandsDave Budt
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Philip II of Spain fanatically sought to re-impose Catholicism throughout Europe like his father Charles V had. He built the Escorial palace to symbolize his power and commitment to the Catholic crusade. While Spain defeated the Turkish navy at the Battle of Lepanto in 1571, preserving Catholic control of the Mediterranean, the Dutch Revolt from 1568 to 1648 established the Protestant Dutch Republic and marked a major blow to Philip's goal of maintaining a wholly Catholic empire. Spain's failed invasion of England with the Spanish Armada in 1588 ended its naval power and marked the rise of England as a world power, though Spain remained powerful on land until the mid-17th century.Wars Of Religion French Civil Wars
Wars Of Religion French Civil WarsDave Budt
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The document summarizes the Wars of Religion that took place in France from 1559 to 1648. It began as dynastic wars between the Hapsburgs and Valois over control of territories in Europe. After 1559, the wars became focused on religious issues as Protestants and Catholics fought for control. This led to a period of French Civil Wars between 1562 and 1598 as Catholics tried to suppress the Huguenots. A key event was the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre in 1572 that saw the killing of thousands of Huguenots. The wars finally ended in 1598 with the Edict of Nantes that granted Huguenots some religious and political freedoms, bringing a truceAge Of Exploration And Conquest Mckay 15 2&3
Age Of Exploration And Conquest Mckay 15 2&3Dave Budt
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The document summarizes the Age of Exploration and Conquest in Europe between the 15th-17th centuries. It discusses several key causes that drove exploration including seeking new trade routes to Asia, Renaissance curiosity, and technological advances in navigation. Several countries led exploration efforts including Portugal, Spain, the Dutch Republic, France, and England. Portugal established routes around Africa to India. Spain sponsored Columbus' voyages to the Americas and conquests of the Aztec and Inca Empires. This period ushered in European global domination and the transatlantic slave trade.Life in Early Modern Society Mckay 15 4 5
Life in Early Modern Society Mckay 15 4 5Dave Budt
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1) In 16th and 17th century Europe, society was highly stratified with the nobility at the top and peasants at the bottom. Life in towns and cities was growing as populations increased, though rural areas still dominated.
2) During this period known as the "Long 16th Century", thousands of women were killed in witch hunts stemming from popular superstitions and beliefs. The scientific revolution later helped end these trials.
3) Notable artists and authors from this era include Michel de Montaigne, whose essays explored skepticism; William Shakespeare, who dominated English literature; and the King James Bible translation committee. Baroque architecture like St. Peter's Basilica and artists like Caravaggio and RubensCommercial Revolution
Commercial RevolutionDave Budt
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The Commercial Revolution from 1500-1700 saw the rise of capitalism and nation-states in Europe. Population growth, the Hanseatic League, and new financial institutions like banks and joint-stock companies drove commerce and urbanization. Countries established chartered companies and sought new colonies overseas to expand their empires through mercantilism as the bourgeoisie gained economic and political power, laying the foundations of modern Europe.Northern Ren And New Monarchs (McKay 13.5&6)
Northern Ren And New Monarchs (McKay 13.5&6)Dave Budt
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1) The Renaissance in Northern Europe was more Christian-focused than in Italy, emphasizing social reform based on ideals of a more perfect world combining classical and Christian elements.
2) Writers like Thomas More, Erasmus, and Fran巽ois Rabelais explored issues of education, morality, and social criticism in their works.
3) Artists like Van Eyck and Jerome Bosch used religious themes and attention to human subjects in their realistic paintings. Grand civic buildings also reflected Northern Renaissance architecture.
4) Monarchs in 15th century France, England, and Spain began consolidating power by centralizing authority, weakening feudal lords and aristocrats, and strengthening royal administration as a basis for emerging nationAd
Absolutism West Euro Louis Xiv
- 1. Absolutism in Western Europe: c 1589-1715 Louis XIV (r. 1643-1715)
- 2. Quintessential absolute ruler Louis XIV (r. 1643-1715)
- 3. The Fronde (mid-late 1640s) Cardinal Mazarin (1602-1661)
- 7. Economics Jean Baptiste Colbert (1661-1683)
- 8. Wars of Louis XIV
- 9. Wars of Louis XIV: Dutch and Augsburg Wars
- 10. War of Spanish Succession (1701-1713)
- 11. Decline of the Spanish Empire