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Action Genre Conventions
S.P.I.N.C.T 
Setting 
Props 
Iconography 
Narrative 
Characterization 
Themes and Technical 
aspects
Setting 
 Action films normally take place in either an extremely urban 
and populated environment like a big city or an airport, or they 
are in a very rural place like a small foreign town or a farm. 
They are normally set in either a major city in either America 
or England, but occasionally go to small foreign places, that 
are normally part of the third world. 
 Normally during the daytime, occasionally at night, most 
commonly the film ends a chapter at night. During the end 
scene, they are normally in a building, fighting with the main 
boss. 
 Some scenes can be inside a vehicle during a chase, e.g. 
plane, truck, car.
City car chase fight Chase scene in Third 
Airport fight 
world country 
Fight scene in Third 
world country
Technical Codes 
 Camerawork is very expressive and can be natural. There are normally a lot of tracking 
shots, crane shots and over shoulder shots. Over shoulder shots are key in seeing 
where an action hero is shooting, who theyre shooting at and where they are going to 
move to next. 
 Sometimes framework uses the depth of field, makes it harder to see the any details 
other than the protagonist, making him/her the main focus of the scene. 
 Sounds are very important in an action movie. Diegetic sounds like gunshots and non-diegetic 
sounds like atmospheric music. 
 The Action code/ Proairetic plays heavily within the genre, meaning that when we see a 
gun or weapon of any sort, we know something is about to happen. We may see this in a 
parallel narrative, where we see a shot of a gun in someone's hand, then cut to people 
acting normally. This can build suspense, as we can guess that the twon paths will meet 
soon, causing a conflicted. 
 This type of scene are usually followed by ambient music that builds as the scene 
progresses, right up until the action.
Cuts back an forth between 
Combined with music 
thats building up, 
makes audience think 
that the man will 
shoot someone.
Iconography 
 Visual style: Often uses a dark filter to make every shot seem much darker than it 
really is. Sometimes, the shot will be more vibrant to make explosions and other 
effects seem brighter. 
 Lighting is usually naturalistic and uses lighting to clearly show a characters 
expression in dark situations. Lighting can be motivated in the world of the film 
(like spotlights in a base, wall lights, lamps, headlights). 
 Props can help us to further identify action genre. Most props are general to all 
the characters throughout the genre e.g.(Guns, knives, explosives, swords, 
grenades). These are part of the action code and help us distinguish the genre. 
 Common objects include: Weapons, bullet proof vests, tactical gear, large 
vehicles e.g. tanks, trucks ). 
 The iconography of the Villain help to feel more attached to the protagonist as 
the Villain is normally very unlikeable.
Action genre modelled
Narrative Structure 
 Classic narrative structure largely made applicable to the 
Action genre. It can either be left for closure or maybe perhaps 
leave room for a sequel and thus enable a franchise 
(Transformers, The Expendables, Die Hard, The Terminator) 
 Theres always a hero/protagonist, the toughest guy in the film, 
keeping with the normal conventions of the genre. Usually the 
hero must embark on a mission or quest to kill someone to 
solve a problem.
Narrative Structure Continued 
 Most Narratives follow this formula and normally follows a very structured 
layout: 
- Hero established 
- Villain established 
- First meet/conflict 
- Villain doesnt see hero as threat 
- Hero defeats massive amount of villains army 
- Villain gets angry and try's to kill hero 
 Heroes friend or lover might die here, spurring on the hero 
 Hero infiltrates enemy base just in the nick of time 
 Hero and villain fight one on one 
 Hero starts losing, villain is about to win, then gets distracted and starts being 
cocky 
 Hero kills villain (not before saying a cheesy line) and stops the villains plans at 
the very last second. 
 We see the hero finally relaxing and back to normal life.
Heroes love 
interest dies 
Bad guy gets the upper 
hand 
Heroes friend dies
Character Types 
 The Main Protagonist, often the hero of the movie. 
 The heroes love interest who usually dies, motivating the hero to 
find the villain. 
 The Villain/Antagonist, often foreign, insane, power lusting or an ex-hero, 
has many similar traits to the hero, e.g. good at fighting, good 
with guns, smart etc. 
 Heroes sidekick usually gets injured, spurring the hero on. 
 Bad guys sidekick who is similar to the heroes sidekick. 
 And many more: Goons, henchmen, civilians, hostages, bystanders.
Hero 
Villain 
Heroes love 
interest dies 
Heroes friend dies Similarly matched sidekicks 
Good 
Bad
Themes 
 Good Versus Evil 
 Despair 
 Political extremists 
 Revenge 
 Weapons 
 Immanent world domination 
 Madness 
 World Threats 
 Fighting for good 
 Freedom 
 Saving the world 
 Fixing a problem 
 The Government 
 Cat and Mouse chase 
 Massive Destruction 
 Bad guy kills/captures a heroes loved one 
 Main hero and main villain battle to the death
Action genre modelled

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Action genre modelled

  • 2. S.P.I.N.C.T Setting Props Iconography Narrative Characterization Themes and Technical aspects
  • 3. Setting Action films normally take place in either an extremely urban and populated environment like a big city or an airport, or they are in a very rural place like a small foreign town or a farm. They are normally set in either a major city in either America or England, but occasionally go to small foreign places, that are normally part of the third world. Normally during the daytime, occasionally at night, most commonly the film ends a chapter at night. During the end scene, they are normally in a building, fighting with the main boss. Some scenes can be inside a vehicle during a chase, e.g. plane, truck, car.
  • 4. City car chase fight Chase scene in Third Airport fight world country Fight scene in Third world country
  • 5. Technical Codes Camerawork is very expressive and can be natural. There are normally a lot of tracking shots, crane shots and over shoulder shots. Over shoulder shots are key in seeing where an action hero is shooting, who theyre shooting at and where they are going to move to next. Sometimes framework uses the depth of field, makes it harder to see the any details other than the protagonist, making him/her the main focus of the scene. Sounds are very important in an action movie. Diegetic sounds like gunshots and non-diegetic sounds like atmospheric music. The Action code/ Proairetic plays heavily within the genre, meaning that when we see a gun or weapon of any sort, we know something is about to happen. We may see this in a parallel narrative, where we see a shot of a gun in someone's hand, then cut to people acting normally. This can build suspense, as we can guess that the twon paths will meet soon, causing a conflicted. This type of scene are usually followed by ambient music that builds as the scene progresses, right up until the action.
  • 6. Cuts back an forth between Combined with music thats building up, makes audience think that the man will shoot someone.
  • 7. Iconography Visual style: Often uses a dark filter to make every shot seem much darker than it really is. Sometimes, the shot will be more vibrant to make explosions and other effects seem brighter. Lighting is usually naturalistic and uses lighting to clearly show a characters expression in dark situations. Lighting can be motivated in the world of the film (like spotlights in a base, wall lights, lamps, headlights). Props can help us to further identify action genre. Most props are general to all the characters throughout the genre e.g.(Guns, knives, explosives, swords, grenades). These are part of the action code and help us distinguish the genre. Common objects include: Weapons, bullet proof vests, tactical gear, large vehicles e.g. tanks, trucks ). The iconography of the Villain help to feel more attached to the protagonist as the Villain is normally very unlikeable.
  • 9. Narrative Structure Classic narrative structure largely made applicable to the Action genre. It can either be left for closure or maybe perhaps leave room for a sequel and thus enable a franchise (Transformers, The Expendables, Die Hard, The Terminator) Theres always a hero/protagonist, the toughest guy in the film, keeping with the normal conventions of the genre. Usually the hero must embark on a mission or quest to kill someone to solve a problem.
  • 10. Narrative Structure Continued Most Narratives follow this formula and normally follows a very structured layout: - Hero established - Villain established - First meet/conflict - Villain doesnt see hero as threat - Hero defeats massive amount of villains army - Villain gets angry and try's to kill hero Heroes friend or lover might die here, spurring on the hero Hero infiltrates enemy base just in the nick of time Hero and villain fight one on one Hero starts losing, villain is about to win, then gets distracted and starts being cocky Hero kills villain (not before saying a cheesy line) and stops the villains plans at the very last second. We see the hero finally relaxing and back to normal life.
  • 11. Heroes love interest dies Bad guy gets the upper hand Heroes friend dies
  • 12. Character Types The Main Protagonist, often the hero of the movie. The heroes love interest who usually dies, motivating the hero to find the villain. The Villain/Antagonist, often foreign, insane, power lusting or an ex-hero, has many similar traits to the hero, e.g. good at fighting, good with guns, smart etc. Heroes sidekick usually gets injured, spurring the hero on. Bad guys sidekick who is similar to the heroes sidekick. And many more: Goons, henchmen, civilians, hostages, bystanders.
  • 13. Hero Villain Heroes love interest dies Heroes friend dies Similarly matched sidekicks Good Bad
  • 14. Themes Good Versus Evil Despair Political extremists Revenge Weapons Immanent world domination Madness World Threats Fighting for good Freedom Saving the world Fixing a problem The Government Cat and Mouse chase Massive Destruction Bad guy kills/captures a heroes loved one Main hero and main villain battle to the death

Editor's Notes

  • #6: pooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo