Analog modulation

Nov 19, 2015Download as pptx, pdf

0 likes243 views

The students: 1. Studied AM, FM, and PM modulation through papers, online resources, and textbooks. 2. Learned to use Linux and install Scilab to write code simulating AM modulation and plot graphs. 3. Generated graphs demonstrating various analog modulation schemes and showed them.

Engineering

Simulation Work for
AM, FM & PM
1. Work Progress:
We have started with the study of AM, FM & PM via
some papers, Internet and from text books
(Communication by Symon hawkins).
2. We have learnt to use Linux operating system for general
use. Also learnt how to install Scilab s/w and started
writing code for AM.
3. We have learnt how to plot graph containing sub-plots.
4. After completion of AM, we moved for FM and PM.
5. We got the graphs for all type of Analog Modulation
scheme and Shown to you.

Problems Faced during Work Flow
1. We faced a lot of problem in learning a new OS
(Linux) in a week.
2. We got some problem regarding the number format
errors in Scilab like code won’t accept writing 10^6
for Mega Hz. It accepts only 1000000 Hz.
3. File format (.sce) is not supported by normal text
editor software available on OS. It only requires
Scilab to open .sce files.
4. Selection of frequency according to incoming
message signal and doing corresponding
modulation is a little bit hectic to implement in
code

Application
1. AM is used in portable two way radios, VHF aircraft
radio, Citizen's Band Radio and in computer modems.
2. "AM" is often used to refer to medium wave AM radio
broadcasting.
3. FM is most widely used in FM Radio transmission having
ranges in a higher spectrum from 88 to 108 MHz. (OR)
1200 to 2400 bits per second.
4. FM is also used at audio frequencies to synthesize sound.
5. FM is also used for Magnetic tape storage.
By :- Rajan Singh
Prashant Singh (M.E EXTC)

The document discusses text recognition from images. It describes the classes used including Camera Source, Surface View, Text Recognizer, TextToSpeech and Detector. The CameraSource provides the camera view and works with CameraView to set camera properties. It sends frames to the Detector, which recognizes text using an algorithm and saves it in a SparseArray. The text is then passed to TextToSpeech to be read aloud to the user, analyzing two frames per second from the camera in separate threads to detect text.

JavaNicholasBegg

��

This document provides instructions for writing a first Java program. It explains how to set up the project by naming it "HelloWorld", creating a package called "Main" inside the src folder, and creating a class called "HelloWorld". It describes the outline of a program including the need for a class and main method. The main method must have a specific format. The document also demonstrates how to print text by using System.out.print() and the importance of semicolons and quotations. It instructs the reader to write a program that uses print instead of println, has spaces between lines, and includes a backslash, then provide feedback in a forum.

Electronic devices and amplifier circuits (with matlab computing) 2nd ed s....Balaji Naidu

��

The document provides information about a textbook titled "Electronic Devices and Amplifier Circuits with MATLAB® Computing, Second Edition" by Steven T. Karris. It includes details about the author such as his background and interests. The document also lists the chapters included in the textbook and provides a brief description of the content of each chapter. It describes how each chapter contains applications and instructions for using MATLAB.

311 angle modulationMohammad Bappy

��

This document discusses angle modulation techniques, including frequency modulation (FM) and phase modulation (PM). It explains that FM directly varies the carrier frequency while PM directly varies the carrier phase. Both FM and PM occur simultaneously. It also describes the advantages of angle modulation, such as noise immunity, and the disadvantages, such as increased bandwidth compared to amplitude modulation. The key components of FM transmitters and receivers are outlined, including the FM modulator and demodulator. Two common types of FM demodulators are the quadrature detector and phase-locked loop detector.

Chapter4frequencymodulation 120317021055-phpapp01Rj Egnisaban

��

Frequency modulation (FM) varies the frequency of the carrier signal based on the modulating signal. FM has better fidelity and noise immunity than amplitude modulation (AM). It uses constant carrier amplitude, requiring less complex circuitry than AM. However, FM uses more spectrum space than AM. A modulated FM signal has constant amplitude but varying frequency. Its instantaneous frequency and phase deviation are proportional to the modulating signal. The modulation index indicates the ratio of frequency deviation to modulating frequency. Bessel functions describe the spectrum of an FM signal and relative amplitudes of its carrier and sidebands.

Phase modulationavocado1111

��

Phase modulation (PM) is a form of modulation where information is represented by variations in the instantaneous phase of a carrier wave. The phase angle of the complex envelope is changed in direct proportion to the message signal. PM can be considered a special case of FM where the carrier frequency modulation is given by the time derivative of the phase modulation. The bandwidth of PM for a single sinusoidal signal is approximately equal to the modulation index multiplied by the carrier frequency.

Analog Modulation for communication.pptxVanDMan1

��

The document discusses various types of modulation in communication systems, specifically analog modulation including amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), and phase modulation (PM). It covers the definitions, processes, parameters, advantages, and disadvantages of these modulation types, including their applications in overcoming noise and optimizing bandwidth. Additionally, comparisons between AM and FM highlight the differences in their usage, complexity, and susceptibility to interference.

few fundamental of frequency modulation pdfKiran Kumar

��

comparisonofamandfmmodulation-200811174120 (1).pptxfilembarketema

��

The document explains modulation as the process of encoding information for transmission by altering a carrier signal's parameters. It compares amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM), detailing their definitions, applications, advantages, and disadvantages, including issues like noise susceptibility and signal quality. It also describes basic wave properties involved in modulation, such as amplitude, frequency, and phase.

Frequency modulation and its applicationDarshil Shah

��

This document discusses frequency modulation (FM) including its definition, modulation index, spectrum characteristics, types of FM modulation, generation of FM using phase modulation, advantages and disadvantages compared to other modulation techniques, and applications of FM such as in radio broadcasting, television sound, and satellite television. FM provides noise immunity and allows adjusting the noise level by changing the frequency deviation. It is widely used for radio but requires more complex transmission and reception equipment than other modulation methods.

Unit 2.pptxKongunadu College of Engineering and Technology

��

This document provides an overview of angle modulation techniques. It begins with definitions of key concepts in frequency modulation (FM) and phase modulation (PM). It then discusses the mathematical representation of FM signals and the relationship between narrowband FM and wideband FM. The document outlines different methods for generating FM signals, directly and indirectly. It also covers FM demodulation techniques like the frequency discriminator, phase-locked loop, and ratio detector. The document provides examples and practice problems related to modulation index, frequency deviation, carrier swing, and bandwidth calculations.

FmDipika Korday

��

FM broadcasting provides high-fidelity sound over radio using frequency modulation. It transmits two audio channels for stereo sound. FM has better noise control and signal quality than AM as environmental factors only affect amplitude, not frequency. However, AM has a greater transmission range. Key advantages of FM include high-fidelity sound, noise reduction, and ability to transmit stereo audio. Its uses include radio broadcasting, magnetic tape storage, and sound synthesis.

BEC402 - PCS - Introduction22222222.pptxVaishnaviBhandari12

��

Comparison of AM and FM ModulationMohammadIMAM15

��

This document discusses amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM). It defines modulation as encoding information from a message by varying parameters of a carrier signal. AM varies the amplitude of the carrier wave based on the modulating signal, while FM varies the frequency. AM is more susceptible to noise but can transmit over longer distances. It has lower bandwidth so can have more stations. In contrast, FM has better sound quality and is less prone to interference, though FM signals are impacted more by barriers. The document provides examples of applications for each including radio broadcasting and data transmission. It concludes with definitions of key modulation terms.

chapter-4-Analog-and-Digital-Modulation.pptGeethaPriya555088

��

This document discusses analog and digital modulation techniques used in communication systems. It describes how analog modulation techniques like amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) work by varying the amplitude or frequency of a carrier wave. Digital modulation techniques discussed include amplitude shift keying (ASK) and frequency shift keying (FSK) which encode digital signals by turning a carrier wave on and off or shifting its frequency. The document also covers modems, which are devices that modulate and demodulate signals to transmit digital data over analog networks like phone lines.

Frequency modulationFahimMuntasir8

��

This document discusses frequency modulation (FM), explaining its definition, types (narrowband and wideband), and applications in radio and television broadcasting. It outlines the principles of how FM works, the mathematical process involved, and the advantages of using FM, such as noise resilience and efficiency. Additionally, it highlights challenges such as equipment costs and the complexity of demodulation, as well as real-life applications including telemetry and radar.

Data encoding and modulationShankar Gangaju

��

Data encoding and modulation techniques are discussed. Modulation involves varying properties of a high-frequency carrier signal according to a message signal. This allows transmission of baseband signals over long distances. Common modulation types are amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), and phase modulation (PM). Encoding converts data into formats for transmission, storage, processing and more. Common encoding schemes for digital data transmission include non-return to zero (NRZ) encoding and Manchester encoding. Pulse modulation can transmit signals as pulses using techniques like pulse code modulation (PCM).

communication systems ppt on Frequency modulationNatarajVijapur

��

This document provides an overview of principles of communication systems with a focus on angle modulation techniques. It discusses topics such as frequency modulation (FM), phase modulation (PM), narrowband FM, wideband FM, modulation index, FM generation and demodulation methods including using phase locked loops. It also covers applications of FM like FM radio broadcasting, comparing it with amplitude modulation. Finally, it discusses FM stereo multiplexing and transmission of TV audio using FM.

ModulationNidhi Baranwal

��

The document discusses modulation, explaining its definition as the operation of varying the carrier signal’s amplitude, frequency, or phase in accordance with a message signal. It classifies modulation into two main types: analog modulation (including amplitude, frequency, and phase modulation) and digital modulation (including amplitude shift keying and frequency shift keying), detailing their characteristics and applications. Additionally, it covers various schemes within these categories, demonstrating their practical use in communication systems.

Ref amSarah Krystelle

��

Amplitude modulation (AM) is a modulation technique that encodes information like an audio signal onto a carrier wave by varying the amplitude of the carrier wave. The key aspects of AM include the modulation index which determines the variation of the carrier amplitude, double sideband transmission where the modulated signal has components at the sum and difference frequencies of the carrier and modulating signals, and envelope detection receivers which recover the audio signal by detecting the envelope of the AM signal. Practical AM systems are implemented using circuits like RF amplifiers, mixers, filters and audio amplifiers in both transmitters and receivers.

lecture15.pptDrDeepakBhatia

��

This lecture discusses communication systems and modulation techniques. It introduces analog modulation methods like amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) as well as digital modulation techniques including amplitude shift keying (ASK), frequency shift keying (FSK), and phase shift keying (PSK). Modems are also introduced as devices that modulate and demodulate signals to transmit digital data over analog networks like telephone lines.

lecture15.pptDrDeepakBhatia

��

This lecture discusses communication systems and modulation techniques. It introduces analog modulation methods like amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) as well as digital modulation techniques including amplitude shift keying (ASK), frequency shift keying (FSK), and phase shift keying (PSK). It also discusses modems, which are devices that modulate and demodulate signals to transmit digital data over analog channels like telephone lines. Common modem types include internal, external, DSL, and cable modems.

Basics of analog communication systemswatihalunde

��

This document provides an overview of analog communication systems and modulation techniques. It discusses the basic components of communication systems including the transmitter, transmission channel, receiver, and transducers. It then describes analog modulation methods like amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) and how they vary the amplitude or frequency of a carrier wave to transmit a baseband signal. Digital modulation techniques like amplitude-shift keying (ASK) and frequency-shift keying (FSK) are also introduced. Modems are defined as devices that enable data transfer over analog networks by modulating and demodulating signals.

Communication Engineering class 2rmkrva

��

The document provides instructions for a communication engineering class. It explains that participants should mute audio and video, bring supplies, and a Google classroom will be used. The classes will be interactive and include concepts, diagrams, activities, quizzes, derivations and assignments. Topics will include analog modulation, pulse modulation, digital modulation and transmission, information theory and coding, and spread spectrum and multiple access. It asks why communication and engineering are important and can help design equipment and solve barriers to long distance communication.

analog data to analog signal - data communicationjdrfinancial1

��

The document provides an overview of analog-to-analog conversion techniques, specifically amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), and phase modulation (PM). It explains the necessity of modulation for efficient transmission over band-pass channels and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each technique, including their applications in broadcasting. It also details the bandwidth requirements and spectrum characteristics for AM and FM signals, along with variants such as single sideband and double sideband suppressed carrier.

Comparison Frequency modulationand Phase modulationWaqas Afzal

��

Frequency modulation (FM) and phase modulation (PM) are both forms of angle modulation. In FM, the instantaneous frequency varies linearly with the modulating signal, while in PM the instantaneous phase varies linearly with the modulating signal. FM provides better noise immunity and signal-to-noise ratio than PM. Both FM and PM are used for radio broadcasting, but FM is more widely used for commercial radio stations.

AMPLITUDE MODULATION lessons in robotics 10JohnleoClaus2

��

This document discusses amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) radio. It begins with a quiz about AM and FM radio frequencies and characteristics. AM radio operates between 535 kHz to 1605 kHz while FM radio operates between 88 MHz to 108 MHz. FM radio has better sound quality than AM radio because it has a higher bandwidth (150 kHz vs 10 kHz for AM), allowing it to transmit more audio information. The document then discusses how to tune a radio to different stations by changing the radio frequency setting to match the frequency a station broadcasts on. It explains that radio signals are received at specific frequencies to avoid receiving all stations simultaneously.

Angle Modulation in Analog CommunicationSandeepPatil845615

��

Angle modulation changes the carrier signal's frequency or phase based on the modulating signal's amplitude, with key types including frequency modulation (FM) and phase modulation (PM). FM maintains constant amplitude while the carrier frequency varies; it is more resilient to noise but requires more complex demodulators compared to amplitude modulation. Applications of angle modulation include commercial radio, television sound, and mobile communications, benefiting from improved fidelity and noise reduction.

Generative AI & Scientific Research : Catalyst for Innovation, Ethics & ImpactAlqualsaDIResearchGr

��

Invited keynote at the Artificial Intelligence Symposium on AI-powered Research Innovation, taking place at ENSEM (L'École Nationale Supérieure d'Électricité et de Mécanique), Casablanca on June 21, 2025. I’ll be giving a keynote titled: "Generative AI & Scientific Research: Catalyst for Innovation, Ethics & Impact". Looking forward to engaging with researchers and doctoral students on how Generative AI is reshaping the future of science, from discovery to governance — with both opportunities and responsibilities in focus. #AI hashtag#GenerativeAI #ScientificResearch #Innovation #Ethics #Keynote #AIinScience #GAI #ResearchInnovation #Casablanca 1. Thinking, Creative Thinking, Innovation 2. Societies Evolution from 1.0 to 5.0 3. AI - 3P Approach, Use Cases & Innovation 4. GAI & Creativity 5. TrustWorthy AI 6. Guidelines on The Responsible use of GAI In Research

FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTUREShabista Imam

��

More Related Content

Similar to Analog modulation (20)

comparisonofamandfmmodulation-200811174120 (1).pptxfilembarketema

��

Frequency modulation and its applicationDarshil Shah

��

Unit 2.pptxKongunadu College of Engineering and Technology

��

FmDipika Korday

��

BEC402 - PCS - Introduction22222222.pptxVaishnaviBhandari12

��

Comparison of AM and FM ModulationMohammadIMAM15

��

chapter-4-Analog-and-Digital-Modulation.pptGeethaPriya555088

��

Frequency modulationFahimMuntasir8

��

Data encoding and modulationShankar Gangaju

��

communication systems ppt on Frequency modulationNatarajVijapur

��

ModulationNidhi Baranwal

��

Ref amSarah Krystelle

��

lecture15.pptDrDeepakBhatia

��

lecture15.pptDrDeepakBhatia

��

This lecture discusses communication systems and modulation techniques. It introduces analog modulation methods like amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) as well as digital modulation techniques including amplitude shift keying (ASK), frequency shift keying (FSK), and phase shift keying (PSK). It also discusses modems, which are devices that modulate and demodulate signals to transmit digital data over analog channels like telephone lines. Common modem types include internal, external, DSL, and cable modems.

Basics of analog communication systemswatihalunde

��

Communication Engineering class 2rmkrva

��

analog data to analog signal - data communicationjdrfinancial1

��

Comparison Frequency modulationand Phase modulationWaqas Afzal

��

AMPLITUDE MODULATION lessons in robotics 10JohnleoClaus2

��

Angle Modulation in Analog CommunicationSandeepPatil845615

��

comparisonofamandfmmodulation-200811174120 (1).pptxfilembarketema

��

Frequency modulation and its applicationDarshil Shah

��

Unit 2.pptxKongunadu College of Engineering and Technology

��

FmDipika Korday

��

BEC402 - PCS - Introduction22222222.pptxVaishnaviBhandari12

��

Comparison of AM and FM ModulationMohammadIMAM15

��

chapter-4-Analog-and-Digital-Modulation.pptGeethaPriya555088

��

Frequency modulationFahimMuntasir8

��

Data encoding and modulationShankar Gangaju

��

communication systems ppt on Frequency modulationNatarajVijapur

��

ModulationNidhi Baranwal

��

Ref amSarah Krystelle

��

lecture15.pptDrDeepakBhatia

��

lecture15.pptDrDeepakBhatia

��

Basics of analog communication systemswatihalunde

��

Communication Engineering class 2rmkrva

��

analog data to analog signal - data communicationjdrfinancial1

��

Comparison Frequency modulationand Phase modulationWaqas Afzal

��

AMPLITUDE MODULATION lessons in robotics 10JohnleoClaus2

��

Angle Modulation in Analog CommunicationSandeepPatil845615

��

Recently uploaded (20)

Generative AI & Scientific Research : Catalyst for Innovation, Ethics & ImpactAlqualsaDIResearchGr

��

FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTUREShabista Imam

��

60 Years and Beyond eBook 1234567891.pdfwaseemalazzeh

��

special_edition_using_visual_foxpro_6.pdfShabista Imam

��

Modern multi-proposer consensus implementationsFrançois Garillot

��

Multi-proposer consensus protocols let multiple validators propose blocks in parallel, breaking the single-leader throughput bottleneck of classic designs. Yet the modern multi-proposer consensus implementation has grown a lot since HotStuff. THisworkshop will explore the implementation details of recent advances – DAG-based approaches like Narwhal and Sui’s Mysticeti – and reveal how implementation details translate to real-world performance gains. We focus on the nitty-gritty: how network communication patterns and data handling affect throughput and latency. New techniques such as Turbine-like block propagation (inspired by Solana’s erasure-coded broadcast) and lazy push gossip broadcasting dramatically cut communication overhead. These optimizations aren’t just theoretical – they enable modern blockchains to process over 100,000 transactions per second with finality in mere milliseconds redefining what is possible in decentralized systems.

Rapid Prototyping for XR: Lecture 4 - High Level Prototyping.Mark Billinghurst

��

Rapid Prototyping for XR: Lecture 2 - Low Fidelity Prototyping.Mark Billinghurst

��

(Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment/Delivery) is a fundamental ...ketan09101

��

Industry 4.o the fourth revolutionWeek-2.pptxKNaveenKumarECE

��

AI_Presentation (1). Artificial intelligenceRoselynKaur8thD34

��

IPL_Logic_Flow.pdf Mainframe IPLMainframe IPLKhadijaKhadijaAouadi

��

Unit III_One Dimensional Consolidation theorysaravananr808639

��

MATERIAL SCIENCE LECTURE NOTES FOR DIPLOMA STUDENTSSAMEER VISHWAKARMA

��

Industrial internet of things IOT Week-3.pptxKNaveenKumarECE

��

Learning – Types of Machine Learning – Supervised Learning – Unsupervised UNI...23Q95A6706

��

Deep Learning for Image Processing on 16 June 2025 MITS.pptxresming1

��

This covers how image processing or the field of computer vision has advanced with the advent of neural network architectures ranging from LeNet to Vision transformers. It covers how deep neural network architectures have developed step-by-step from the popular CNNs to ViTs. CNNs and its variants along with their features are described. Vision transformers are introduced and compared with CNNs. It also shows how an image is processed to be given as input to the vision transformer. It give the applications of computer vision.

Introduction to Python Programming Languagemerlinjohnsy

��

Fatality due to Falls at Working at Heightssuserb8994f

��

Deep Learning for Natural Language Processing_FDP on 16 June 2025 MITS.pptxresming1

��

This gives an introduction to how NLP has evolved from the time of World War II till this date through the advances in approaches, architectures and word representations. From rule based approaches, it advanced to statistical approaches. from traditional machine learning algorithms it advanced to deep neural network architectures. Deep neural architectures include recurrent neural networks, long short term memory, gated recurrent units, seq2seq models, encoder decoder models, transformer architecture, upto large language models and vision language models which are multimodal in nature.

Structured Programming with C++ :: Kjell BackmanShabista Imam

��

Step into the world of high-performance programming with the Complete Guidance Book of C++ Programming—a definitive resource for mastering one of the most powerful and versatile languages in computer science. Whether you're a beginner looking to learn the fundamentals or an intermediate developer aiming to sharpen your skills, this book walks you through C++ from the ground up. You'll start with basics like variables, control structures, and functions, then progress to object-oriented programming (OOP), memory management, file handling, templates, and the Standard Template Library (STL).

Generative AI & Scientific Research : Catalyst for Innovation, Ethics & ImpactAlqualsaDIResearchGr

��

FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTUREShabista Imam

��

60 Years and Beyond eBook 1234567891.pdfwaseemalazzeh

��

special_edition_using_visual_foxpro_6.pdfShabista Imam

��

Modern multi-proposer consensus implementationsFrançois Garillot

��

Rapid Prototyping for XR: Lecture 4 - High Level Prototyping.Mark Billinghurst

��

Rapid Prototyping for XR: Lecture 2 - Low Fidelity Prototyping.Mark Billinghurst

��

(Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment/Delivery) is a fundamental ...ketan09101

��

Industry 4.o the fourth revolutionWeek-2.pptxKNaveenKumarECE

��

AI_Presentation (1). Artificial intelligenceRoselynKaur8thD34

��

IPL_Logic_Flow.pdf Mainframe IPLMainframe IPLKhadijaKhadijaAouadi

��

Unit III_One Dimensional Consolidation theorysaravananr808639

��

MATERIAL SCIENCE LECTURE NOTES FOR DIPLOMA STUDENTSSAMEER VISHWAKARMA

��

Industrial internet of things IOT Week-3.pptxKNaveenKumarECE

��

Learning – Types of Machine Learning – Supervised Learning – Unsupervised UNI...23Q95A6706

��

Deep Learning for Image Processing on 16 June 2025 MITS.pptxresming1

��

Introduction to Python Programming Languagemerlinjohnsy

��

Fatality due to Falls at Working at Heightssuserb8994f

��

Deep Learning for Natural Language Processing_FDP on 16 June 2025 MITS.pptxresming1

��

Structured Programming with C++ :: Kjell BackmanShabista Imam

��

Analog modulation

1. Simulation Work for AM, FM & PM 1. Work Progress: We have started with the study of AM, FM & PM via some papers, Internet and from text books (Communication by Symon hawkins). 2. We have learnt to use Linux operating system for general use. Also learnt how to install Scilab s/w and started writing code for AM. 3. We have learnt how to plot graph containing sub-plots. 4. After completion of AM, we moved for FM and PM. 5. We got the graphs for all type of Analog Modulation scheme and Shown to you.

2. Problems Faced during Work Flow 1. We faced a lot of problem in learning a new OS (Linux) in a week. 2. We got some problem regarding the number format errors in Scilab like code won’t accept writing 10^6 for Mega Hz. It accepts only 1000000 Hz. 3. File format (.sce) is not supported by normal text editor software available on OS. It only requires Scilab to open .sce files. 4. Selection of frequency according to incoming message signal and doing corresponding modulation is a little bit hectic to implement in code

3. Application 1. AM is used in portable two way radios, VHF aircraft radio, Citizen's Band Radio and in computer modems. 2. "AM" is often used to refer to medium wave AM radio broadcasting. 3. FM is most widely used in FM Radio transmission having ranges in a higher spectrum from 88 to 108 MHz. (OR) 1200 to 2400 bits per second. 4. FM is also used at audio frequencies to synthesize sound. 5. FM is also used for Magnetic tape storage. By :- Rajan Singh Prashant Singh (M.E EXTC)

�ݺ�ߣ

Analog modulation

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Analog modulation (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

Analog modulation