Pollination on Apple
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Apples can grow up to 40 feet tall but are often kept shorter through cultivation practices. New dwarf varieties allow for higher density planting of 1000 trees per acre, producing 900 bushels within 6 years, compared to older varieties which took 25 years to reach 500 bushels per acre. Apple flowers grow in clusters of about six flowers on 1-2 inch spurs and have five pinkish-white petals. Pollination by bees is important for apple production as the flowering period is short and weather dependent. Honey bees are important pollinators of apples in the spring, collecting both nectar and pollen from the abundant and nutritious apple blossoms. Proper pollination methods include using 1 bee
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Pollination on Apple
- 1. APPLE An apple a day keeps the doctor away
- 3. PLANT • May reach up to height of 40 feet or more. • But various cultural practices , commercial grower keep their root stock less then this, almost half. • Tress on recently developed dwarf varieties. • Development of dwarf apples is so changing that much of the older information on culture and ,pollination and harvest of this crop may no longer be applicable. • Many of older plants were spaced 40 by 40 feet and took 25 years to reach their maximum production of 500 bushels per acre. • Using dwarf varieties the farmers can have 1000 trees per acre and can expect a production of around 900 bushels in 6 years.
- 5. Inflorescence • Apple flower cluster made up of about six flowers , is produced on a 1 – 3 year old woody shoot ½ inch to 2 inches long, called spur. • Primary or king bud opens first, and usually produces the choicest fruit. • If the king bloom fails, the lateral blooms which open a day or more later, can also produce fruit.
- 6. Inflorescence • However that the lateral flowers are much more likely to shed making the preservation of the king bud still more important. • Five pinkish white petals of the 1 to ½ inch broad and pleasantly scented blossom. • Shed few days after they open, but the five green sepals persist in dried shriveled state in the blossom end of the mature fruit.
- 8. Inflorescence • Average blossoming period for apple is 9 days. • Cool weather lengthens it. • Hot , dry and windy weather shortens the period. • Bee activity around apple is greatest at around 9 am.
- 9. FLOWER & HONEYBEES Period of bloom is short and frequently weather changes and is unfavorable for bee activity. Pollen and nectar both are eagerly collected by honey bees Important in spring build up in honey bee colonies Apple flower produce both nectar and pollen in abundance More nectar then most of the other deciduous plants
- 10. Frost •Yield reduction •Due to inadequate cross pollination •Bees not so active
- 12. Bee On Apple
- 13. Bee In Apple Blossom
- 14. Bee On APPLE Pollens
- 15. APPLE TRIANGLE
- 16. Pollination Methods • Recommended is 1 colony per acre. • Pollens tube at the entrance of colony. • Strength of colony is important. • 100 colonies at every 2-3 miles. • Colony usually placed at the center of the field.
- 17. THANK YOU