際際滷

際際滷Share a Scribd company logo
APS 1015: Social Entrepreneurship
Class 2: Deep Dive into Social Systems
Monday, September 16, 2013
1
Instructors:
Norm Tasevski (norm@socialentrepreneurship.ca)
Alex Kjorven (alex@socialentrepreneurship.ca)
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
Agenda
 Recap of the Basics of Social Systems
 Systems Change  Discussion
 Guest Speaker  Sal Alajek
 Systems Mapping  Class Exercise
 Break
 Overview of Major Assignment
 Next week
2
Social Systems (Recap from Last
Week)
3
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
What is a System?
A set of "Things (people, organizations, objects) that are
interconnected in such a way that they form their
own pattern of behaviour over time
Donella Meadows
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
System Behaviour
 A system creates/causes its own responses
 Outside forces can influence system response, but
dont cause the response
 The same outside force that acts upon two different
systems can therefore elicit two different responses
 Example: the flu virus
5
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
System Components
1. Elements
2. Interconnections
3. Functions/Purpose
Example: Soccer (Football)
6
Elements
Interconnections
Purpose
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
System Components
 Elements
 Tangible (people, buildings)
 Intangible (team pride, learned skills)
 Interconnections
 Physical flows (e.g. objects moving)
 Information flows (e.g. rules, instructions)
 Function/Purpose
 Intended responses (e.g. goal to win a soccer match)
 Unintended responses (e.g. violence after a soccer match)
7
Systems Change
8
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
Importance of Systems Change
 Systems are dynamic
(not static) they
naturally change 9
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
Importance of Systems Change
 Systems, if left
alone, can create
adverse 10
Guest Speaker:
Sal Alajek
11
Systems Mapping
12
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
13
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
Cause and Effect Chains
Effect:
 A symptom of a social condition
 The symptom disappears if the cause underlying the
condition is addressed
Cause:
 The underlying reason why a symptom exists
 Proximate Causes: a cause closely related to an effect
 Ultimate Causes: a cause more distantly related to an
effect
 The ultimate cause is the key bottleneck  the most
important part of the chain!
14
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
Cause and Effect Chain - Example
15
Poverty
ResultEffect
Hunger
Cause
(Proximate)
Cant grow
enough food
Cause (Ultimate)
Bad soil?
Soil erosion?
Not enough
water?
Not enough
labour?
Over-used
soil?
Dont know
how to
prevent it
Rains too
hard
Changing
rain
patterns?
No irrigation
resources?
People sick?
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
5 Whys
 Effect => Hunger. Why?
 Hunger => Cant grow enough food. Why?
 Cant grow enough food = Bad soil. Why?
 Bad soil => Soil erosion. Why?
 Soil erosion => Rains too hard...EtcEtc
16
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
The Vicious Circle
 A symptom (effect) of a social condition can also
be a cause, which then serves to further deepen
the social condition
17
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
Vicious Circle - Example
18
Poverty
ResultEffect
Hunger
Cause
(Proximate)
Cant grow
enough food
Cause (Ultimate)
Bad soil?
Soil erosion?
Not enough
water?
Not enough
labour?
Over-used
soil?
Dont know
how to
prevent it
Rains too
hard
Changing
rain
patterns?
No irrigation
resources?
People sick?
Malnutrition
Poor Health
Hunger could therefore be
both an effect and a cause of
poverty
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
Vulnerability vs. Resiliency
 Vulnerability
 The reduced ability for elements within a system to
withstand shocks to the system
 Examples of shocks:
 A crop failure/drought
 A health crisis/new illness
 Resiliency
 The absence of vulnerability (i.e. the ability to absorb
shocks to a system)
19
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
Turning Vulnerability into Resiliency
 Reduce the likelihood of incidents that induce
vulnerability
 E.g. reduce spread of illness with mosquito spray campaign
 Lessen the severity of incidents that induce
vulnerability
 E.g. reduce severity of drought with irrigation
 Improve ones ability to cope with vulnerability-
inducing incidents
 E.g. provide insurance to farmers to cope with drought
20
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
21
Root Causes of
Poverty Workshop
Tabe Ere
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
Step 1: The Case
Read the case (5 Minutes)
22
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
Step 2: Cause and Effect
Document the causes and effects of poverty in Tabe
Ere, Ghana (10 minutes)
In groups:
 Write each cause and effect on a separate sticky
note
 Dont sort the causes/effects just yet
23
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
Step 3: Cause and Effect Mapping
Map the causes and effects of poverty in Tabe
Ere, Ghana (10 minutes)
In groups:
 Sort the sticky notes according to effect, proximate
cause and ultimate cause
24
EffectCause
(Proximate)
Cause
(Ultimate)
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
Step 4: Present Your Map
Present your findings (10 minutes)
25
Break
26
Major Group Assignment
27
息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji
What did we learn?
28

Recommended

APS1015 Class 2: Deep Dive into Social Systems
APS1015 Class 2: Deep Dive into Social Systems
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 2 - Systems Deep Dive
APS1015 Class 2 - Systems Deep Dive
Social Entrepreneurship
ENTR4800 Class 7: Impact Investing and Social Finance
ENTR4800 Class 7: Impact Investing and Social Finance
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 8 - Social Enterprise Considerations
APS 1015 Class 8 - Social Enterprise Considerations
Social Entrepreneurship
ENTR4800 Class 5 (Part 1): Conducting a Costing Analysis for Social Enterprise
ENTR4800 Class 5 (Part 1): Conducting a Costing Analysis for Social Enterprise
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015H Class 5 - Conducting a Costing Analysis for Social Enterprise
APS1015H Class 5 - Conducting a Costing Analysis for Social Enterprise
Social Entrepreneurship
ENTR4800 Class 1 - Introduction to Social Entrepreneurship and Social Enterprise
ENTR4800 Class 1 - Introduction to Social Entrepreneurship and Social Enterprise
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 3: Gap Analysis within Social Systems
APS1015 Class 3: Gap Analysis within Social Systems
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 9 - Final Presentations
APS 1015 Class 9 - Final Presentations
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 8 - Business Case for SE
APS 1015 Class 8 - Business Case for SE
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 7 - SE Considerations
APS 1015 Class 7 - SE Considerations
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 6 - Market Validation
APS 1015 Class 6 - Market Validation
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 5 - Intervening in Systems Part 2
APS1015 Class 5 - Intervening in Systems Part 2
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 4 - Intervening in Systems Part 1
APS 1015 Class 4 - Intervening in Systems Part 1
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 3 - SE Workshop
APS 1015 Class 3 - SE Workshop
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 1 - Intro to SE and Systems
APS 1015 Class 1 - Intro to SE and Systems
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 10 - Managing for Impact
APS 1015 Class 10 - Managing for Impact
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 12 - SE Issues
APS 1015 Class 12 - SE Issues
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 11 - Scaling Considerations
APS1015 Class 11 - Scaling Considerations
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 7 - Market Validation
APS 1015 Class 7 - Market Validation
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 5 - Intervening in Systems
APS1015 Class 5 - Intervening in Systems
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 3 - Systems Analysis
APS1015 Class 3 - Systems Analysis
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 1 - Introduction to Social Entrerpreneurship
APS1015 Class 1 - Introduction to Social Entrerpreneurship
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 11: Emerging Issues in Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 11: Emerging Issues in Social Entrepreneurship
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 10: Scaling Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 10: Scaling Social Entrepreneurship
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 9: Managing for Social Impact
APS1015 Class 9: Managing for Social Impact
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 7: Considerations for Social Enterprise
APS1015 Class 7: Considerations for Social Enterprise
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 6: Validation of Market-Based Solutions
APS1015 Class 6: Validation of Market-Based Solutions
Social Entrepreneurship
Power of the Many: Digital Energy Masterclass
Power of the Many: Digital Energy Masterclass
mariana491193
ERP Modernization in 2025: A Practical Guide for CIOs
ERP Modernization in 2025: A Practical Guide for CIOs
Praxis Info Solutions

More Related Content

More from Social Entrepreneurship (20)

APS 1015 Class 9 - Final Presentations
APS 1015 Class 9 - Final Presentations
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 8 - Business Case for SE
APS 1015 Class 8 - Business Case for SE
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 7 - SE Considerations
APS 1015 Class 7 - SE Considerations
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 6 - Market Validation
APS 1015 Class 6 - Market Validation
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 5 - Intervening in Systems Part 2
APS1015 Class 5 - Intervening in Systems Part 2
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 4 - Intervening in Systems Part 1
APS 1015 Class 4 - Intervening in Systems Part 1
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 3 - SE Workshop
APS 1015 Class 3 - SE Workshop
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 1 - Intro to SE and Systems
APS 1015 Class 1 - Intro to SE and Systems
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 10 - Managing for Impact
APS 1015 Class 10 - Managing for Impact
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 12 - SE Issues
APS 1015 Class 12 - SE Issues
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 11 - Scaling Considerations
APS1015 Class 11 - Scaling Considerations
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 7 - Market Validation
APS 1015 Class 7 - Market Validation
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 5 - Intervening in Systems
APS1015 Class 5 - Intervening in Systems
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 3 - Systems Analysis
APS1015 Class 3 - Systems Analysis
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 1 - Introduction to Social Entrerpreneurship
APS1015 Class 1 - Introduction to Social Entrerpreneurship
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 11: Emerging Issues in Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 11: Emerging Issues in Social Entrepreneurship
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 10: Scaling Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 10: Scaling Social Entrepreneurship
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 9: Managing for Social Impact
APS1015 Class 9: Managing for Social Impact
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 7: Considerations for Social Enterprise
APS1015 Class 7: Considerations for Social Enterprise
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 6: Validation of Market-Based Solutions
APS1015 Class 6: Validation of Market-Based Solutions
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 9 - Final Presentations
APS 1015 Class 9 - Final Presentations
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 8 - Business Case for SE
APS 1015 Class 8 - Business Case for SE
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 6 - Market Validation
APS 1015 Class 6 - Market Validation
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 5 - Intervening in Systems Part 2
APS1015 Class 5 - Intervening in Systems Part 2
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 4 - Intervening in Systems Part 1
APS 1015 Class 4 - Intervening in Systems Part 1
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 1 - Intro to SE and Systems
APS 1015 Class 1 - Intro to SE and Systems
Social Entrepreneurship
APS 1015 Class 10 - Managing for Impact
APS 1015 Class 10 - Managing for Impact
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 11 - Scaling Considerations
APS1015 Class 11 - Scaling Considerations
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 5 - Intervening in Systems
APS1015 Class 5 - Intervening in Systems
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 1 - Introduction to Social Entrerpreneurship
APS1015 Class 1 - Introduction to Social Entrerpreneurship
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 11: Emerging Issues in Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 11: Emerging Issues in Social Entrepreneurship
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 10: Scaling Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 10: Scaling Social Entrepreneurship
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 9: Managing for Social Impact
APS1015 Class 9: Managing for Social Impact
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 7: Considerations for Social Enterprise
APS1015 Class 7: Considerations for Social Enterprise
Social Entrepreneurship
APS1015 Class 6: Validation of Market-Based Solutions
APS1015 Class 6: Validation of Market-Based Solutions
Social Entrepreneurship

Recently uploaded (20)

Power of the Many: Digital Energy Masterclass
Power of the Many: Digital Energy Masterclass
mariana491193
ERP Modernization in 2025: A Practical Guide for CIOs
ERP Modernization in 2025: A Practical Guide for CIOs
Praxis Info Solutions
IEA_Press_Release_Tullow_Agreement-16-6-2025-1.pdf
IEA_Press_Release_Tullow_Agreement-16-6-2025-1.pdf
businessweekghana
Book - Behavioral finance and wealth management(1).pdf
Book - Behavioral finance and wealth management(1).pdf
GamingwithUBAID
Vaden Consultancy: Transforming Businesses with Integrated HR, IT, and Cloud ...
Vaden Consultancy: Transforming Businesses with Integrated HR, IT, and Cloud ...
Vaden Consultancy
Rushi Manche | Blockchain Tech Company Co-Founder
Rushi Manche | Blockchain Tech Company Co-Founder
Rushi Manche
IT Companies in Magarpatta: A Thriving Hub of Technology and Innovation
IT Companies in Magarpatta: A Thriving Hub of Technology and Innovation
prernarathi90
Webinar: Why Odoo is a game-changer for Service Companies
Webinar: Why Odoo is a game-changer for Service Companies
dear digital
Enterprise Architecture Professional Journal Vol IX June 2025.pdf
Enterprise Architecture Professional Journal Vol IX June 2025.pdf
Darryl_Carr
Noah Loul Shares 5 Key Impacts of AI Agents on the Sales Industry
Noah Loul Shares 5 Key Impacts of AI Agents on the Sales Industry
Noah Loul
Enhancing Customer Engagement in Direct Selling Through AI Segmentation
Enhancing Customer Engagement in Direct Selling Through AI Segmentation
Epixel MLM Software
BOURNS POTENTIOMETER Provide You Precision
BOURNS POTENTIOMETER Provide You Precision
smidmart
Akn鱈 pl叩n pro chemick箪 pr哲mysl - Ivan Souek
Akn鱈 pl叩n pro chemick箪 pr哲mysl - Ivan Souek
pavelborek
Chapter 1 Introduction to Accountin1.6 plusone class first chapter (1) (1).pptx
Chapter 1 Introduction to Accountin1.6 plusone class first chapter (1) (1).pptx
dilshap23
Kenyan Msme Export Book by Dickens Aluha Mujumba
Kenyan Msme Export Book by Dickens Aluha Mujumba
JoshuaKihara
ISO 45001 Certification in Singapore Company
ISO 45001 Certification in Singapore Company
achharsharma105
smidmart industrial Automation Ones Stop Solution
smidmart industrial Automation Ones Stop Solution
smidmart
Streamline Success: How Well-Defined SOPs Drive Organizational Efficiency
Streamline Success: How Well-Defined SOPs Drive Organizational Efficiency
RUPAL AGARWAL
Paul Turovsky - A Key Contributor
Paul Turovsky - A Key Contributor
Paul Turovsky
cost of capital under invetment for MBAall
cost of capital under invetment for MBAall
NARESH GUDURU
Power of the Many: Digital Energy Masterclass
Power of the Many: Digital Energy Masterclass
mariana491193
ERP Modernization in 2025: A Practical Guide for CIOs
ERP Modernization in 2025: A Practical Guide for CIOs
Praxis Info Solutions
IEA_Press_Release_Tullow_Agreement-16-6-2025-1.pdf
IEA_Press_Release_Tullow_Agreement-16-6-2025-1.pdf
businessweekghana
Book - Behavioral finance and wealth management(1).pdf
Book - Behavioral finance and wealth management(1).pdf
GamingwithUBAID
Vaden Consultancy: Transforming Businesses with Integrated HR, IT, and Cloud ...
Vaden Consultancy: Transforming Businesses with Integrated HR, IT, and Cloud ...
Vaden Consultancy
Rushi Manche | Blockchain Tech Company Co-Founder
Rushi Manche | Blockchain Tech Company Co-Founder
Rushi Manche
IT Companies in Magarpatta: A Thriving Hub of Technology and Innovation
IT Companies in Magarpatta: A Thriving Hub of Technology and Innovation
prernarathi90
Webinar: Why Odoo is a game-changer for Service Companies
Webinar: Why Odoo is a game-changer for Service Companies
dear digital
Enterprise Architecture Professional Journal Vol IX June 2025.pdf
Enterprise Architecture Professional Journal Vol IX June 2025.pdf
Darryl_Carr
Noah Loul Shares 5 Key Impacts of AI Agents on the Sales Industry
Noah Loul Shares 5 Key Impacts of AI Agents on the Sales Industry
Noah Loul
Enhancing Customer Engagement in Direct Selling Through AI Segmentation
Enhancing Customer Engagement in Direct Selling Through AI Segmentation
Epixel MLM Software
BOURNS POTENTIOMETER Provide You Precision
BOURNS POTENTIOMETER Provide You Precision
smidmart
Akn鱈 pl叩n pro chemick箪 pr哲mysl - Ivan Souek
Akn鱈 pl叩n pro chemick箪 pr哲mysl - Ivan Souek
pavelborek
Chapter 1 Introduction to Accountin1.6 plusone class first chapter (1) (1).pptx
Chapter 1 Introduction to Accountin1.6 plusone class first chapter (1) (1).pptx
dilshap23
Kenyan Msme Export Book by Dickens Aluha Mujumba
Kenyan Msme Export Book by Dickens Aluha Mujumba
JoshuaKihara
ISO 45001 Certification in Singapore Company
ISO 45001 Certification in Singapore Company
achharsharma105
smidmart industrial Automation Ones Stop Solution
smidmart industrial Automation Ones Stop Solution
smidmart
Streamline Success: How Well-Defined SOPs Drive Organizational Efficiency
Streamline Success: How Well-Defined SOPs Drive Organizational Efficiency
RUPAL AGARWAL
Paul Turovsky - A Key Contributor
Paul Turovsky - A Key Contributor
Paul Turovsky
cost of capital under invetment for MBAall
cost of capital under invetment for MBAall
NARESH GUDURU

APS1015 Class 2 - Systems Deep Dive

  • 1. APS 1015: Social Entrepreneurship Class 2: Deep Dive into Social Systems Monday, September 16, 2013 1 Instructors: Norm Tasevski (norm@socialentrepreneurship.ca) Alex Kjorven (alex@socialentrepreneurship.ca)
  • 2. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Agenda Recap of the Basics of Social Systems Systems Change Discussion Guest Speaker Sal Alajek Systems Mapping Class Exercise Break Overview of Major Assignment Next week 2
  • 3. Social Systems (Recap from Last Week) 3
  • 4. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji What is a System? A set of "Things (people, organizations, objects) that are interconnected in such a way that they form their own pattern of behaviour over time Donella Meadows
  • 5. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji System Behaviour A system creates/causes its own responses Outside forces can influence system response, but dont cause the response The same outside force that acts upon two different systems can therefore elicit two different responses Example: the flu virus 5
  • 6. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji System Components 1. Elements 2. Interconnections 3. Functions/Purpose Example: Soccer (Football) 6 Elements Interconnections Purpose
  • 7. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji System Components Elements Tangible (people, buildings) Intangible (team pride, learned skills) Interconnections Physical flows (e.g. objects moving) Information flows (e.g. rules, instructions) Function/Purpose Intended responses (e.g. goal to win a soccer match) Unintended responses (e.g. violence after a soccer match) 7
  • 9. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Importance of Systems Change Systems are dynamic (not static) they naturally change 9
  • 10. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Importance of Systems Change Systems, if left alone, can create adverse 10
  • 13. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji 13
  • 14. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Cause and Effect Chains Effect: A symptom of a social condition The symptom disappears if the cause underlying the condition is addressed Cause: The underlying reason why a symptom exists Proximate Causes: a cause closely related to an effect Ultimate Causes: a cause more distantly related to an effect The ultimate cause is the key bottleneck the most important part of the chain! 14
  • 15. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Cause and Effect Chain - Example 15 Poverty ResultEffect Hunger Cause (Proximate) Cant grow enough food Cause (Ultimate) Bad soil? Soil erosion? Not enough water? Not enough labour? Over-used soil? Dont know how to prevent it Rains too hard Changing rain patterns? No irrigation resources? People sick?
  • 16. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji 5 Whys Effect => Hunger. Why? Hunger => Cant grow enough food. Why? Cant grow enough food = Bad soil. Why? Bad soil => Soil erosion. Why? Soil erosion => Rains too hard...EtcEtc 16
  • 17. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji The Vicious Circle A symptom (effect) of a social condition can also be a cause, which then serves to further deepen the social condition 17
  • 18. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Vicious Circle - Example 18 Poverty ResultEffect Hunger Cause (Proximate) Cant grow enough food Cause (Ultimate) Bad soil? Soil erosion? Not enough water? Not enough labour? Over-used soil? Dont know how to prevent it Rains too hard Changing rain patterns? No irrigation resources? People sick? Malnutrition Poor Health Hunger could therefore be both an effect and a cause of poverty
  • 19. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Vulnerability vs. Resiliency Vulnerability The reduced ability for elements within a system to withstand shocks to the system Examples of shocks: A crop failure/drought A health crisis/new illness Resiliency The absence of vulnerability (i.e. the ability to absorb shocks to a system) 19
  • 20. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Turning Vulnerability into Resiliency Reduce the likelihood of incidents that induce vulnerability E.g. reduce spread of illness with mosquito spray campaign Lessen the severity of incidents that induce vulnerability E.g. reduce severity of drought with irrigation Improve ones ability to cope with vulnerability- inducing incidents E.g. provide insurance to farmers to cope with drought 20
  • 21. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji 21 Root Causes of Poverty Workshop Tabe Ere
  • 22. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Step 1: The Case Read the case (5 Minutes) 22
  • 23. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Step 2: Cause and Effect Document the causes and effects of poverty in Tabe Ere, Ghana (10 minutes) In groups: Write each cause and effect on a separate sticky note Dont sort the causes/effects just yet 23
  • 24. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Step 3: Cause and Effect Mapping Map the causes and effects of poverty in Tabe Ere, Ghana (10 minutes) In groups: Sort the sticky notes according to effect, proximate cause and ultimate cause 24 EffectCause (Proximate) Cause (Ultimate)
  • 25. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Step 4: Present Your Map Present your findings (10 minutes) 25
  • 28. 息 Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji What did we learn? 28

Editor's Notes

  • #3: NORM Start with some introductions so we can get to know who you are then we will review the syllabus and class structure ground rules for the class first part of the lecture before the break will be on social entrepreneurship defining it, providing examples, and introducing some of the key themes that we will talk about further in the course the second part of the lecture after the break will focus on social enterprise definitions, examples, and setting the stage for later lectures well then review what we learned, and prep for next weeks lecture
  • #6: Flu the virus doesnt attack a person, the body creates the conditions for the flu to flourishTalk about the way this happens
  • #7: Flu the virus doesnt attack a person, the body creates the conditions for the flu to flourishTalk about the way this happens
  • #15: Flu the virus doesnt attack a person, the body creates the conditions for the flu to flourishTalk about the way this happens
  • #16: Flu the virus doesnt attack a person, the body creates the conditions for the flu to flourishTalk about the way this happens
  • #18: Flu the virus doesnt attack a person, the body creates the conditions for the flu to flourishTalk about the way this happens
  • #19: Flu the virus doesnt attack a person, the body creates the conditions for the flu to flourishTalk about the way this happens
  • #20: Flu the virus doesnt attack a person, the body creates the conditions for the flu to flourishTalk about the way this happens
  • #21: Flu the virus doesnt attack a person, the body creates the conditions for the flu to flourishTalk about the way this happens
  • #23: Flu the virus doesnt attack a person, the body creates the conditions for the flu to flourishTalk about the way this happens
  • #24: Flu the virus doesnt attack a person, the body creates the conditions for the flu to flourishTalk about the way this happens
  • #25: Flu the virus doesnt attack a person, the body creates the conditions for the flu to flourishTalk about the way this happens
  • #26: Flu the virus doesnt attack a person, the body creates the conditions for the flu to flourishTalk about the way this happens
  • #29: NORMFocus on the distinction between entrepreneur and enterprise