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Chaudhary Charan Singh University
UTTAR PRADESH, MEERUT
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Presented By : Sakshi Gupta
M.Sc. 1st Semester

CONTENTS
Introduction
History of Artificial Intelligence
Why AI
Limitations of Human Mind
Applications
Advantages
Disadvantages

INTRODUCTION
Artificial Intelligence is a branch of
science which deals with helping
machines finds solutions to complex
problems in a more human-like
fashion.
This generally involves borrowing
characteristics rom human intelligence,
and applying them as algorithms in a
computer friendly way.

HISTORY OF AI
1941: First electronic computer [technology finally available]
1956: Term Artificial Intelligence introduced
1960s: Checkers-playing program that was able to play games
with opponents
1980s: Quality Control Systems
2000: First sophisticated walking robot

WHY AI ?
Computers are fundamentally well
suited to perform mechanical
computations, using fixed programmed
rules. This allows artificial machines to
perform simple monotonous tasks
efficiently and reliably, which humans
are ill-suited to.

LIMITATIONS OF HUMAN MIND
Object recognition. People cannot properly explain how they recognize
objects.
Face recognition. Cannot be passed on to another person by explanation.
Naming of colours. Based on learning, not on absolute standards.

APPLICATIONS OF AI
Expert systems.
Natural Language Processing (NLP).
Speech recognition.
Computer vision.
Robotics.

EXPERT SYSTEMS
An Expert System is a computer
program designed to act as an
expert in a particular domain (area
of expertise).
Phases in Expert System
Expert Systems currently are
designed to assist experts, not to
replace them, they have been used
in medical diagnosis, chemical
analysis, geological explorations etc.

NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
The goal of NLP is to enable people
and computers to communicate in a
natural (humanly) language (such as,
English) rather than in a computer
language.
The field of NLP is divided in 2
categories:
• Natural Language understanding.
• Natural Laguage generation.

SPEECH RECOGNITION
The primary interactive method of communication used by
humans is not reading and writing, it is speech.
The goal of speech recognition research is to allow
computers to understand human speech. So that they can
hear our voices and recognize the words we are
speaking.
It simplifies the process of interactive communication
between people and computers, thus it advances the goal
of NLP.

COMPUTER VISION
People generally use vision as their
primary means of sensing their
environment, we generally see more than
we hear, fell or smell or taste.
The goal of computer vision research is
to give computers this same powerful
facility for understanding their
surrounding. Here A.I helps computer to
understand what they see through
attached cameras.

ROBOTICS
A Robot is a electro-mechanical device
that can by programmed to perform
manual tasks or a reprogrammable
multi functional manipulator designed
to move materials, parts, tools, or
specialized devices through variable
programmed motions for performance
of variety of tasks.
An ‘intelligent’ robot includes some
kind of sensory apparatus that allows it
to respond to change in it’s
environment.

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Less room for errors.
Improved efficiency.
Takes risk instead of humans.
Always available.
Digital assistance.
Faster decision.
High development cost.
Unemployment.
Makes humans dependent.
Lack of out box thinking.
Could dominate humans.

artificial intelligence and machine learning

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artificial intelligence and machine learning

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