Basics of CT- Lecture 5.ppt

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This document provides information about computed tomography (CT) scanning techniques. It discusses spiral or helical CT scanning where the X-ray tube rotates continuously around the patient while the couch moves the patient through the plane of rotation, allowing the reconstruction of transverse images along the entire length of the area being scanned. It describes how slip-ring technology, high-power X-ray tubes, and interpolation algorithms enabled the development of helical CT scanning. The document also discusses factors that influence the volume of tissue imaged like examination time, couch travel, pitch, and collimation.

Education

‫تعلم‬ ‫تكن‬ ‫مالم‬ ‫وعلمك‬
‫هللا‬ ‫فضل‬ ‫وكان‬
‫عظيما‬ ‫عليك‬

Basics Of Computed
Tomography (CT)
Lecture Five
Gamal Fathalla M.
Mahdaly
gamal_mahdaly@hotmail.com

Spiral (Helical) CT.
Slinky
toy
When the examination begins, the x-ray rotates continuously without reversing, the
couch moves the patient through the plane of rotation.

A
B
•The movement
of the X-ray
tube is NOT
spiral (A).
• It appears
that way
because the
patient
moves through
the plane of
rotation
during the image
(B)

Scanner Design
 Slip ring technology made spiral CT
possible.
 Advanced imaging protocols are due to
improvements in X-ray tube, High voltage
generator and the Detectors arrays.

Technological Advances That Led To Helical Acquisition
1. Slip-ring technology.
2. High-power x-ray tubes.
3. Interpolation algorithms .

Transverse images can be reconstructed at any
plane along the z-axis
Interpolation is the estimation of a value between two known
values. This made possible the reconstruction of an image at
any Z-axis position.

During spiral CT, image data are continuously sampled
Interpolation of data is performed to reconstruct the
image in any transverse plane.

The volume of tissue imaged is determined by:
 Examination time.
 Couch travel.
 Pitch.
 Collimation.
 Rotation time.

Technique selection
(A) complete in single breath hold
(B) when patient breathing is limited, skip-scan must be selected
40 Sec
More
than 45
sec
Helical
CT
Run
for
60
sec.

A very small structure, like this lung nodule (A), will be poorly
imaged by conventional CT if the nodule is at the section
interface. With spiral CT (B), a 50 % overlap can be performed in
reconstruction to improve the contrast resolution.

Technique factors for high-resolution
and normal-resolution spiral CT

Any Question???.
Take your Tiiime!!! .
Again Any Question???.
Otherwise, I’m going to ask!!!.
Should I Ask???.

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A bonus dept update. Happy Summer 25 almost. Do Welcome or Welcome back. Our 10th Free workshop will be released the end of this week, June 20th Weekend. All Materials/updates/Workshops are timeless for future students. ♥ Your Attendance is valued. We hit over 5k views for Spring Workshops and Updates-TY. ♥ Coming to our Shop This Weekend. Timeless for Future Grad Level Students. Practitioner Student. Level/Session 2 Packages. * ♥The Review & Topics: * All virtual, adult, education students must be over 18 years to attend LDMMIA eClasses and vStudio Thx. * Please refer to our Free Workshops anytime for review/notes. * Orientation Counts as S1 on introduction. Sold Separately as a PDF. Our S2 includes 2 Videos within 2 Mp4s. Sold Separately for Uploading. * Reiki Is Japanese Energy Healing used Globally. * Yoga is over 5k years old from India. It hosts many styles, teacher versions, and it’s Mainstream now vs decades ago. * Teaching Vod, 720 Res, Mp4: Yoga Therapy is Reviewed as a Hatha, Classical, Med Yoga (ND) Base. Take practice notes as needed or repeat videos. * Fused Teaching Vod, 720 Res, Mp4: Yoga Therapy Meets Reiki Review. Take Practice notes as needed or repeat videos. * Video, 720 Res, Mp4: Practitioner Congrats and Workshop Visual Review with Suggestions. ♥ Bonus Studio Video, 720 Res, Mp4: Our 1st Reiki Video. Produced under Yogi Goddess, LDM Recording. As a Reiki, Kundalini, ASMR Spa, Music Visual. For Our Remastered, Beatz Single for Goddess Vevo Watchers. https://www.reverbnation.com/yogigoddess * ♥ Our Videos are Vevo TV and promoted within the LDMMIA Profiles. * Scheduled upload for or by Weekend Friday June 13th. * LDMMIA Digital & Merch Shop: https://ldm-mia.creator-spring.com * ♥ As a student, make sure you have high speed connections/wifi for attendance. This sounds basic, I know lol. But, for our video section. The High Speed and Tech is necessary. Otherwise, any device can be used. Our Zip drive files should serve MAC/PC as well. * ♥ On TECH Emergency: I have had some rare, rough, horrid timed situations as a Remote Student. Pros and Cons to being on campus. So Any Starbucks (coffee shop) or library can be used for wifi hot spots. You can work at your own speed and pace. * ♥ We will not be hosting deadlines, tests/exams. * ♥Any homework will be session practice and business planning. Nothing stressful or assignment submissions.

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Basics of CT- Lecture 5.ppt

1. ‫تعلم‬ ‫تكن‬ ‫مالم‬ ‫وعلمك‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫فضل‬ ‫وكان‬ ‫عظيما‬ ‫عليك‬

2. Basics Of Computed Tomography (CT) Lecture Five Gamal Fathalla M. Mahdaly gamal_mahdaly@hotmail.com

3. Spiral (Helical) CT. Slinky toy When the examination begins, the x-ray rotates continuously without reversing, the couch moves the patient through the plane of rotation.

4. A B •The movement of the X-ray tube is NOT spiral (A). • It appears that way because the patient moves through the plane of rotation during the image (B)

5. SLIICE BY SLICE VOLUME Axial Helical

6. Scanner Design  Slip ring technology made spiral CT possible.  Advanced imaging protocols are due to improvements in X-ray tube, High voltage generator and the Detectors arrays.

7. Technological Advances That Led To Helical Acquisition 1. Slip-ring technology. 2. High-power x-ray tubes. 3. Interpolation algorithms .

8. Transverse images can be reconstructed at any plane along the z-axis Interpolation is the estimation of a value between two known values. This made possible the reconstruction of an image at any Z-axis position.

9. Interpolation

10. During spiral CT, image data are continuously sampled Interpolation of data is performed to reconstruct the image in any transverse plane.

13. Spiral CT Pitch

14. Spiral CT pitch and radiation

15. The volume of tissue imaged is determined by:  Examination time.  Couch travel.  Pitch.  Collimation.  Rotation time.

18. Technique selection (A) complete in single breath hold (B) when patient breathing is limited, skip-scan must be selected 40 Sec More than 45 sec Helical CT Run for 60 sec.

19. A very small structure, like this lung nodule (A), will be poorly imaged by conventional CT if the nodule is at the section interface. With spiral CT (B), a 50 % overlap can be performed in reconstruction to improve the contrast resolution.

20. Technique factors for high-resolution and normal-resolution spiral CT

22. Any Question???. Take your Tiiime!!! . Again Any Question???. Otherwise, I’m going to ask!!!. Should I Ask???.

23. Have a nice day

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