This document discusses campaign finance in the United States. It provides data on election spending from 2004 to 2012, with spending peaking at over $1 billion in 2012. It also outlines some key Supreme Court cases that have shaped campaign finance law, such as Buckley v. Valeo and Citizens United v. FEC. The document defines terms like "hard money," "soft money," and "fat cats" as they relate to campaign contributions and financing.