Ch8 study of compounds hydrogen chloride
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1. The document discusses the reactions of dilute and concentrated hydrochloric acid with various substances like magnesium, zinc oxide, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium permanganate, and manganese dioxide. 2. It also describes tests for identifying hydrochloric acid like its reactions with litmus, silver nitrate, and ammonia to produce white fumes. Safety precautions for preparing HCl in the laboratory are highlighted. 3. A series of questions related to the reactions and preparation of hydrochloric acid are presented along with their answers concerning the products formed and equations involved. Diagrams of apparatus used in experiments like the fountain experiment are also included.
![Q10. The diagram shows a simple arrangement
of the fountain experiment: [3]
(i) Name the two gases you have studied which
can be used in this experiment.
Ans, Ammonia, hydrogen chloride
(i) What is the common property demonstrated
by this experiment?
High solubility of
ammonia or
hydrogen chloride
in water.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ch8studyofcompoundshydrogenchloride-200501121202/85/Ch8-study-of-compounds-hydrogen-chloride-28-320.jpg)
Ch8 study of compounds hydrogen chloride
- 1. YOU TUBE CHANNEL: KNOW THE CHEMISTRY BY RAJIV JAIN
- 2. THOUGHT FOR THE SESSION
- 9. REACTIONS OF dil HCl ACID Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2 NH3 + HCl NH4Cl ZnO + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2O NaHCO3+HClNaCl +H2O + CO2
- 10. REACTIONS OF dil HCl ACID KHSO3+ HCl KCl + H2O + SO2 ZnS + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2S Na2S2O3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2O + SO2 + S Pb(NO3)2+ 2HCl PbCl2 + 2HNO3 AgNO3 + HCl AgCl + HNO3
- 11. REACTIONS OF Conc. HCl
- 12. REACTIONS OF Conc. HCl v. imp 2KMnO4 + 16 HCl (conc) 2 KCl + 2 MnCl2 + 8 H2O + 5 Cl2 MnO2 + 2 HCl (conc) MnCl2 + 2 H2O + Cl2 Pb3O4 + 8 HCl (conc) heat 3 PbCl2 + 4 H2O + Cl2
- 13. Test for HCl BLUE Litmus RED / pH PAPER / INDICATORS (phenolpthalein/ methyl orange/ alkaline phenolpthalein) AgNO3 TEST / WHITE PPT AMMONIA SOLUTION TEST / DENSE WHITE FUMES OF AMONIUM CHLORIDE PUNGENT CHOCKING ODOUR COLOULESS GAS/ LIQUID IF HYDROCHLORIC ACID
- 14. IMPORTANT QUESTIONS ON HCl
- 15. Q1. This gas produces dense white fumes with ammonia gas. Ans1. Hydrogen chloride gas Q2. Identify the acid. The acid on mixing with silver nitrate solution produces a white precipitate which is soluble in excess ammonium hydroxide. Ans2. Hydrochloric acid
- 16. Q3. The following questions are pertaining to the laboratory preparation of hydrogen chloride gas. (i) Write the equation for its preparation mentioning the condition required. NaCl + H2SO4 Conc T< 2000C NaHSO4 + HCl (ii) Name the drying agent used and justify your choice. Conc H2SO4
- 17. Q3. The following questions are pertaining to the laboratory preparation of HCl (iii) State a safety precaution you would take during the preparation of hydrochloric acid. Temperature of the reaction mixture is less than 2000C
- 18. Q4. Fill in the blanks: (i) Quicklime is not used to dry HCl gas because __ (CaO is alkaline, CaO is acidic , CaO is neutral) alkaline
- 19. Q5. State one appropriate observation for each of the following: (i) Copper sulphide is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid. Colorless rotten egg gas evolved which turns moist lead acetate paper black. (ii) A few drops of dilute hydrochloric acid are added to silver nitrate solution, followed by addition of ammonia hydroxide solution. Curdy white ppt formed which dissolved in ammonium hydroxide solution.
- 20. Q6. Give balanced equations for the following reactions: (i)Concentrated hydrochloric acid and potassium permanganate solution Ans 2KMnO4 + 16 HCl conc 2 KCl + 2 MnCl2 + 8H2O + 6Cl2
- 21. DIAGRAM: lab preparation OF HCl
- 22. Q7. In the laboratory preparation of hydrochloric acid, HCl gas is dissolved in water. (i) Draw a diagram to show the arrangement used for the absorption of HCl in water. (ii) Why is such an arrangement necessary? Give two reasons. Ans. Inverted funnel arrangement , To prevent the back suction . To make hydrochloric acid and to prevent any accident.
- 23. Q7. In the lab preparation of hydrochloric acid, HCl gas is dissolved in water. (iii) Write the chemical equations for the lab preparation of HCl gas when the reactants are: (A) Below 2000C (B) Above 2000C NaCl + H2SO4 Conc T< 2000C NaHSO4 + HCl 2NaCl + H2SO4 Conc T > 2000C Na2SO4 + 2HCl
- 24. Q8. The diagram shows an apparatus for the laboratory preparation of hydrogen chloride. (i) Identify A and B. Ans. conc sulphuric acid, sodium chloride (ii) Write the equation for the reaction NaCl + H2SO4 Conc T< 2000C NaHSO4 + HCl
- 25. Q8. The diagram shows an apparatus for the lab preparation of hydrogen chloride. (iii) How would you check whether or not the gas jar is filled with hydrogen chloride? Ans. A rod dipped in ammonium hydroxide is brought near the mouth of the collecting jar. Dense white fumes signifies the gas is filled.
- 26. Q8. (iv) What does the method of collection tell you about the density of hydrogen chloride? Ans It is heavier than air.
- 27. Q9. Write a fully balanced equation for each of the following cases: (i)Red lead is warmed with concentrated hydrochloric acid. Ans. Pb3O4 + conc 8HCl 3PbCl2 + 4H2O + Cl2 (i) Magnesium metal is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid. Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2
- 28. Q10. The diagram shows a simple arrangement of the fountain experiment: [3] (i) Name the two gases you have studied which can be used in this experiment. Ans, Ammonia, hydrogen chloride (i) What is the common property demonstrated by this experiment? High solubility of ammonia or hydrogen chloride in water.
- 29. Q11. (i) Of the two gases, ammonia and hydrogen chloride, which one is more dense? Name the method of collection of this gas. Ans. Hydrogen chloride , upward displacement of air. (ii) Give one example of a reaction between the above two gases, which produces a solid compound. NH3 + HCl NH4Cl
- 30. Q12. Write balanced equations for the reaction of dilute hydrochloric acid (i)Iron Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 +H2 (ii) Sodium hydrogen carbonate NaHCO3 + HCl NaCl + H2O + CO2 (iii) Iron (II) sulphide FeS + 2HCl FeCl2 +H2S
- 31. Q12. Write balanced equations for the reaction of dilute hydrochloric acid (iv) Sodium sulphite Na2SO3 + 2 HCl 2NaCl +H2O + SO2 (v) Sodium thiosulphate solution Na2S2O3 + 2 HCl 2NaCl +H2O + SO2 +S
- 32. Q13.A solution of hydrogen chloride in water is prepared. The following substance are added to separate portions of the solution: S. No. Substance added Gas evolved Odour 1 Calcium carbonate with dil HCl 2 Magnesium ribbon with dil HCl 3 Manganese (IV) oxide with conc HCl 4 Sodium sulphide with dil HCl
- 33. ANS13 S. No. Substance added Gas evolved Odour 1 Calcium carbonate with dil HCl Carbon dioxide Odourless 2 Magnesium ribbon with dil HCl Hydrogen Odourless 3 Manganese (IV) oxide with conc HCl Chlorine Pungent chocking 4 Sodium sulphide with dil HCl Hydrogen sulphide Rotten egg
- 34. Q14. What must be added to sodium chloride to get hydrogen chloride? Ans14. Conc sulphuric acid Q15. What would you see when hydrogen chloride mixes with ammonia? Ans15. Dense white fumes of ammonium chloride.
- 35. Q16. Write equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid with (i) lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2 + 2HCl PbCl2 + 2HNO3 (ii) manganese (IV) oxide. MnO2 + 4HCl (conc) MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2
- 36. Q17. From the following list choose the correct answer: Ammonium hydroxide , ammonium nitrate, chlorine, dilute hydrochloric acid, iron, lead nitrate, manganese (IV) oxide, silver nitrate, sodium nitrate, sulphur. (i) A substance containing both molecules and ions. Ammonium hydroxide (ii) two compounds whose aqueous solution gives white precipitate with dilute hydrochloric acid. Ammonium hydroxide, silver nitrate solution
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