Our mission at Japan Karate Association is to make a positive difference in the lives of children, youth, men and women and our community in general, through the study of the martial arts, and in particular the JKA Karate system.
The martial arts are codified systems of combat practices that are practiced for reasons like self-defense, competition, physical and mental development. Martial arts can be categorized as either traditional styles tied to a culture or founder-developed modern styles. They are generally divided into armed systems that train with weapons, and unarmed systems that focus on techniques like punching, kicking, and grappling without weapons. Practicing martial arts provides health benefits like improved fitness, stress relief, and toned muscles, especially in the legs, buttocks, and back. While competition can prove superiority, the true goals of martial arts are personal improvement, a perfect balance of body and mind, and looking inside oneself.
The document provides information about different martial arts including karate, taekwondo, kung fu, and krav maga. It describes the origins and key principles of karate, which began in Okinawa and focuses on self-improvement. Karate practice involves kihon (basics), kata (forms against imaginary opponents), and kumite (sparring). The founder of modern karate was Gichin Funakoshi. Taekwondo originated in Korea and is an Olympic sport, while kung fu began over 4000 years ago in China. Krav maga was developed from techniques in boxing, judo, and wrestling for realistic self-defense on the street.
This document provides an overview of the martial art of Shou' Shu, including its origins, techniques, and training protocols. Shou' Shu is a fighting system based on the movements of seven animals and was developed in ancient China. It has been preserved as a pure fighting art unlike many other martial arts that have been adapted for sport. The document outlines proper etiquette for students, including saluting, uniforms, and lesson etiquette to create an atmosphere conducive to learning.
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Martial arts have a long history and tradition across many cultures. They provide benefits not just to physical health but also mental and spiritual well-being. Martial arts quotes from famous practitioners emphasize focusing the mind and developing self-control in addition to physical skills. The document discusses the origins and varieties of different martial arts styles as well as how the industry has grown over time while some masters' quotes stress the importance of internal mastery over external techniques.
The document discusses various martial arts including Kung Fu, Tai Chi, Aikido, and the author's thoughts on martial arts. It provides background on the origins and techniques of different martial arts. Kung Fu originated over 3,000 years ago at the Shaolin Temple in China and involves techniques like tripping and sweeping. Tai Chi is a Chinese martial art associated with Taoism that focuses on balance and harmony. Aikido was created in Japan by Morihei Ueshiba by combining martial arts and religious ideologies to subdue rather than harm opponents. The author believes martial arts can be useful for self-defense, meditation, self-control, awareness, fitness, and physical and mental health.
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Judo is a Japanese martial art that developed from jujitsu. It focuses on throwing, grappling, and pinning techniques using leverage and the opponent's momentum rather than brute strength. There are two training methods: kata involves prearranged techniques, while randori is free practice against a partner. Judo teaches moral and spiritual principles like respect, maximum efficiency of movement, mutual welfare, and helping opponents improve. It aims to develop the body, mind, and character through disciplined practice and competition.
McKenzie's Tae Kwon Do and Self-Defense Academy handbook outlines the history and philosophy of Tae Kwon Do, introduces Master Clifford McKenzie, and provides the rules, tenets, uniforms, belt requirements, terminology, and curriculum for students of the academy. The handbook establishes the foundation for students to progress through the colored belt ranks by demonstrating increasing proficiency in stances, blocks, kicks, punches, forms, one-steps, footwork, breaking, self-defense techniques, and knowledge of Tae Kwon Do. Students are expected to embody the tenets of courtesy, integrity, perseverance,
This document provides information about various martial arts styles, components of fitness, benefits of studying martial arts, and key aspects of the Modern Aikido style. It discusses hard and soft martial arts styles like karate, tae kwon do, and aikido. It also outlines the cognitive, associative, and autonomic stages of psychomotor learning. Additionally, it provides the formula for calculating target heart rate during exercise and lists characteristics and requirements for studying Modern Aikido at Trojan Martial Arts Academy.
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This document summarizes Tyrone Turner's white paper on self-defense techniques for busy professionals. It provides advice on:
1) Choosing a martial arts school or instructor by focusing on practical self-defense training in street clothes using legal self-defense weapons and techniques that can be practiced at home through solo drills.
2) Recommending schools that allow intensive seminars, small group, or private lessons to efficiently learn techniques without long-term commitments.
3) Outlining Turner's philosophy that martial arts training should focus on practical street-fighting skills and weapons that can legally be carried rather than impractical techniques or weapons unsuitable for real-world self-defense.
The document discusses various martial arts including ju-jitsu, akido, judo, kung-fu, gatka, kalaripayattu, taekwondo, and muay-thai. It notes that most martial arts originated as physical fitness regimes from various warrior traditions and cultures, and were originally invented by Gautam Buddha as a means of self-defense. The document also discusses some of the benefits of martial arts beyond self-defense, including mental, physical and spiritual benefits. It notes that martial arts teach discipline, respect, self-control and help people overcome challenges and take control of their own destiny. The last part focuses on taekwondo, discussing its history and origins, color
Wing Chun Kuen Kuit are poetic sayings that capture the essence of Wing Chun kung fu. They have been passed down orally for generations. Some well-known proverbs advise to "retain what's coming in" and "rush in upon loss of hand contact." The proverbs provide guidance on Wing Chun techniques, training, and philosophy. They are an important part of preserving the Wing Chun martial arts tradition.
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Kyokushinkai is a style of karate founded in 1964 by Masutatsu Oyama, combining techniques from Shotokan karate, Goju Ryu karate, judo, boxing, and Muay Thai. It has a philosophy of self-improvement through mind and body control and effectiveness in combat. In addition to point sparring, Kyokushinkai also includes kata forms and competition where opponents aim to knock each other out within 3 minutes using kicks, punches, and knee or elbow strikes while wearing only light protective gear. Some of the most famous practitioners of this martial art include Bas Rutten, Georges St. Pierre, and Dolph Lundgren.
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This document provides an overview of the history and techniques of karate. It summarizes the origins of karate in China and Okinawa and how it spread to Japan. It then discusses several key aspects of karate training including mental and physical development, breath control, different stances and postures, and comparing different schools or styles of karate. The focus is on explaining the fundamentals of karate practice and philosophy at a high level.
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2. CHAPTER I : Introduction to Fundamentals of
Martial Arts
Objectives:
1. Demonstrate the knowledge of Martial Arts
2. Identify the importance, components and types of Martial Arts.
3. Familiarize with popular martial arts styles such down striking, grappling,
throwing, weapon-based style and more
A Brief History of Martial Arts A Brief History of Martial Arts
Martial arts are systems of codified practices and Martial arts traditions of training
for combat. Though studied for various reasons, broadly speaking, martial arts share
a single objective: to defeat a person physically or to defend oneself from physical
threat. Some martial arts are linked to spiritual or religious beliefs/philosophies such
as Buddhism, Daoism or Shinto while others have their own spiritual/non-spiritual
code of honour.
3. Martial arts are commonly associated with East Asian cultures, but are by no
means unique to Asia. Throughout Europe there was an extensive system of
combat martial arts, collectively referred to as Historical European martial arts,
that existed until modern times and are now being reconstructed by several
organizations while Savate is a French kicking style developed by sailors and
street fighters. In the Americas Native Americans have a tradition of open-
handed martial arts, that includes wrestling and Hawaiians have historically
practiced arts featuring small and large joint manipulation, a mix of origins occur
in the athletic movements of Capoeira that was created in Brazil by slaves, based
on skills brought with them from Africa.
Martial arts existed in classical European civilization, most notably in Greece where
sports were integral to the way of life.
Boxing (pygme, pyx), Wrestling (pale) and Pankration
(from pan, meaning "all", and kratos, meaning "power" or
"strength") were represented in the Ancient Olympic Games. The
Romans produced Gladiatorial combat as a public spectacle.
4. IMPORTANCE MARTIAL ARTS
1. Self-Defense
The most obvious reason why you should learn martial arts is that it teaches
you how to defend yourself. It is undeniable that there is violence in the world.
It occurs unexpectedly and without regard for who the victim is. Violence can
affect all of us. It is important to be prepared for such occurrences, and the crux
of training is to learn fighting skills. Not only do you learn specific techniques,
but you also develop toughness and stamina needed to endure a physical
altercation. This knowledge and conditioning lead to other benefits besides just
being equipped with techniques.
5. 2. Confidence
Because you can handle yourself physically, you begin to develop confidence
in yourself and your capabilities. You walk taller with your head up; you're
prepared, calm, and self-assured. You would be surprised at the change in
your mental attitude after a decent sparring session at the dojo. You learn
that you can endure, that you can apply real self-defense techniques, and
that you are capable and strong.
3. Focus andAwareness
In training, you must be very aware of your actions and the people around
you. You become more aware of your environment, which helps to keep you
safe out in the world. This broadening of awareness is important in life. It
can help in school, work, and in your relationships. It can generally help you
navigate your way through life.
6. 4. You Make Friends
It's an understatement to say that you make friends in martial arts. My experience
is that your teacher and fellow students are family. Your instructor is more than
just a teacher; he becomes a confidant, a father, and a counselor. Your friends are
part of your social circle, helping you through thick and thin. They become good
people to have in your corner.
7. 5. Reduces Stress the Right Way
There are plenty of bad ways to reduce stress, and many of us have tried all of
them. Martial arts offer a positive way to reduce stress. You direct your energy
in a physical way that is beneficial, and there is no doubt that hitting a
punching bag is a great way to release pent up energy and stress.
8. 6. Health
Martial arts is a complete workout. You build stamina, strength, and flexibility.
You also develop coordination and balance. You feel better physically as your
body becomes stronger and more capable. You breathe better, and blood flows
to all the necessary parts of the body more freely. Martial arts is a fun way to stay
in shape.
7. Improves
Character
You learn respect, discipline, how to cooperate, and how to be humble. This is all
part of perfecting your art. You work with your partners and learn from your
instructor in a setting where bowing and handshakes are commonplace and
helping each other is the norm. You must focus and be open to being corrected.
You use criticism to improve yourself. The martial arts school is a great
environment for learning the importance of perseverance and excellence.
And this is why many martial artists call their training a way of life. It permeates a
person's life and creates solid relationships and a sense of justice and respect.
These are among the reasons why martial arts is so important.
9. COMPONENTS OF MARTIAL ARTS
COMPONENT 1: TECHNIQUES
Techniques are the movements and postures specific to your discipline.
A few examples of martial arts and some of their signature techniques include:
? Boxing: jab, cross, hook, uppercut, bob and weave, etc. ? Freestyle wrestling: double
leg takedown, single leg takedown, inside trip, cradle, suplex, Turk, etc.
? Fencing: lunge, parries, riposte, disengage, flèche, etc. ? MMA: right cross, double leg
takedown, superman punch etc. ? Muay Thai: round kick, teep, clinch knee, spinning
elbow, etc.
? Judo: Osoto gari, uchi mata, o goshi, juji jime, etc.
? Kung fu: the “shadowless kick,” “monkey steals the peaches”and 1000 other fancifully
named techniques! Clearly the actual techniques used differ enormously between arts...
10. Clearly the actual techniques used differ enormously between arts... Harimau Silat and
Chinese Baquazhang look nothing alike. Filipino Kali is very weapons entirely an empty-
handed system. Judo are easily recognisable as totally different systems, even by
laypeople with no martial arts experience.
In the modern era it’s not uncommon occur between different systems. but with the
advent of online video it’s going faster than ever...
In the modern era it’s not uncommon for cross-pollination to
pollination to occur between different systems his has been going on
forever, This has been going on forever, but with the advent of online
video it’s going faster than ever
11. COMPONENT 2: EQUIPMENT
Traditionally many martial arts had their own unique training devices and
equipment. . Some examples of martial arts equipment might include
restling: wrestling mat, crash mat, takedown and suplex dummies
? Karate: makiwara (punching board), chi
Karate: makiwara (punching board), chi-ishi (macebell), ishi
sashi (stone padlocks), nigiri game (gripping jars)
? Boxing: gloves, headgear, heavy bag, speed bag, uppercut bag
Sumo: doyho (the ring), mawashi (the sumo loincloth), teppo pole (slapping pole)
Wing Chun Kung Fu: wooden dummy, rattan and steel forearm rings, wall mounted
punching pads
Thai boxing: thai pads, long thai bag, uppercut bag, focus mitts, shin roller, banana tree
trunks (traditionally)
12. Now, because gloves are widely used in training, the hands are usually held higher, and
head shots are much more common (this is true even in modern ‘bare knuckle boxing’ in
the British Isles where combatants usually still use extensive hand wrapping even if they
don’t use gloves).
The use of mats for everyday training allows people to spend a lot more time on the
bottom developing their skills than they might if they were training on concrete.
Although scrapes and bruises wouldn’t worry me in a real street confrontation, if I ended
up mauled and unable to walk every time I grappled then I’d certainly be much less
inclined to train positions like the guard or my escapes from bad positions.
The mats in jiu-jitsu allow you to avoid getting too badly beaten up in training, which then
encourages you to put in more time on the mat and get in more repetitions for skill
development.
COMPONENT 3: TRAINING METHODS
Training methods are the systems, drills and exercises used by a martial art in order
to drill the techniques and make them instinctive.
Essentially this is where you learn how to make your techniques smooth, instinctive, and
functional in a real-life situation!
13. Karate has its katas and one-step sparring…
Wing chun has its 3 primary forms, sticky hands, and the wooden dummy…
Boxing has its shadowboxing, heavy bag training, focus mitt training, and sparring…
Judo has two person uchikomi, three person uchikomi, tachiwaza randori, newaza randori,
and yes, kata…
So in the case of the Kung Fu, training used four primary training methods:
1. Isolated technique repetition (punches and kicks from a static stance)
2. Single person forms/kata
3. Two person forms/kata
4. Punching bag training
14. In each of those classes they may be using training methods unique to that style; in jiu-
jitsu they may be shrimping and bridging, doing drills of repeated swinging armbars, and
sparring, whereas on a given day in boxing they may mostly be working their
shadowboxing and hitting the focus mitts.
And then they’ll put it all together in blended MMA practices, which brings us to…
DIFFERENT TYPES OF MARTIAL ARTS
Striking or Stand-Up Martial Arts Styles
Striking or stand-up martial arts styles teach practitioners how to defend themselves while on
their feet by using blocks, kicks, punches, knees, and elbows. The degree to which they teach
each of these aspects depends on the specific style, sub-style or instructor. Also, many of
these stand-up styles teach other components of fighting. Striking styles include:
? Boxing
? Capoeira
? Karate
? Kickboxing
? Krav MagaKung Fu
? Tae Kwon Do
? Tang Soo Do
15. Grappling or Ground-Fighting Styles
The grappling styles in martial arts focus on teaching practitioners how to take opponents
to the ground, where they either achieve a dominant position or utilize a submission hold
to end the fight. Grappling styles include:
? Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
? Catch Wrestling
? Jujutsu
? Luta Livre
? Russian Sambo
? Sumo
? Wrestling
Throwing or Takedown Styles
Combat always starts from a standing position. The only sure way to get a fight to the
ground is through the use of takedowns and throws, and that’s where these throwing
styles come into play. Note that all of the grappling styles listed above also teach
takedowns, and most of these throwing styles teach grappling. Clearly, there is a
significant amount of overlap, but the primary focus with these styles is takedowns.
Throwing styles include:
? Aikido
? Judo
? Hapkido
16. Weapons-Based
Styles
Many of the aforementioned
styles use weapons in their
systems. For example, Goju-
ryu karate practitioners are
taught to use the bokken
(wooden sword). But some
martial arts are centered
entirely around weapons.
Weapons-based styles include:
Kali
? Iaido
? Kendo
17. Low-Impact or Meditative Styles
Practitioners of low-impact styles of martial arts are mostly concerned with
breathing techniques, fitness, and the spiritual side of their movements
rather than combat in particular. However, all of these styles were once
used for combat and still can be, as the 2013 Chinese-American film "The
Man of Tai Chi" illustrates. Low-impact styles include:
? Baguazhang
? Tai Chi
? Chi Gong-based styles
Hybrid Fighting Styles
Most martial arts styles use techniques found in others. In recent years, many
schools are simply teaching several martial arts styles together, which is
known as mixed martial arts and has been popularized by contests such as the
Ultimate Fighting Championship. The term MMA generally refers to training in
a competitive style of martial arts that incorporates grappling, stand up
fighting, takedowns, throws, and submissions. In addition to the
aforementioned styles, hybrid martial arts forms include the following: