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CHAPTER 1-FUNDAMENTALS OF MARTIAL ARTS.pptx
- 2. CHAPTER I : Introduction to Fundamentals of Martial Arts Objectives: 1. Demonstrate the knowledge of Martial Arts 2. Identify the importance, components and types of Martial Arts. 3. Familiarize with popular martial arts styles such down striking, grappling, throwing, weapon-based style and more A Brief History of Martial Arts A Brief History of Martial Arts Martial arts are systems of codified practices and Martial arts traditions of training for combat. Though studied for various reasons, broadly speaking, martial arts share a single objective: to defeat a person physically or to defend oneself from physical threat. Some martial arts are linked to spiritual or religious beliefs/philosophies such as Buddhism, Daoism or Shinto while others have their own spiritual/non-spiritual code of honour.
- 3. Martial arts are commonly associated with East Asian cultures, but are by no means unique to Asia. Throughout Europe there was an extensive system of combat martial arts, collectively referred to as Historical European martial arts, that existed until modern times and are now being reconstructed by several organizations while Savate is a French kicking style developed by sailors and street fighters. In the Americas Native Americans have a tradition of open- handed martial arts, that includes wrestling and Hawaiians have historically practiced arts featuring small and large joint manipulation, a mix of origins occur in the athletic movements of Capoeira that was created in Brazil by slaves, based on skills brought with them from Africa. Martial arts existed in classical European civilization, most notably in Greece where sports were integral to the way of life. Boxing (pygme, pyx), Wrestling (pale) and Pankration (from pan, meaning "all", and kratos, meaning "power" or "strength") were represented in the Ancient Olympic Games. The Romans produced Gladiatorial combat as a public spectacle.
- 4. IMPORTANCE MARTIAL ARTS 1. Self-Defense The most obvious reason why you should learn martial arts is that it teaches you how to defend yourself. It is undeniable that there is violence in the world. It occurs unexpectedly and without regard for who the victim is. Violence can affect all of us. It is important to be prepared for such occurrences, and the crux of training is to learn fighting skills. Not only do you learn specific techniques, but you also develop toughness and stamina needed to endure a physical altercation. This knowledge and conditioning lead to other benefits besides just being equipped with techniques.
- 5. 2. Confidence Because you can handle yourself physically, you begin to develop confidence in yourself and your capabilities. You walk taller with your head up; you're prepared, calm, and self-assured. You would be surprised at the change in your mental attitude after a decent sparring session at the dojo. You learn that you can endure, that you can apply real self-defense techniques, and that you are capable and strong. 3. Focus andAwareness In training, you must be very aware of your actions and the people around you. You become more aware of your environment, which helps to keep you safe out in the world. This broadening of awareness is important in life. It can help in school, work, and in your relationships. It can generally help you navigate your way through life.
- 6. 4. You Make Friends It's an understatement to say that you make friends in martial arts. My experience is that your teacher and fellow students are family. Your instructor is more than just a teacher; he becomes a confidant, a father, and a counselor. Your friends are part of your social circle, helping you through thick and thin. They become good people to have in your corner.
- 7. 5. Reduces Stress the Right Way There are plenty of bad ways to reduce stress, and many of us have tried all of them. Martial arts offer a positive way to reduce stress. You direct your energy in a physical way that is beneficial, and there is no doubt that hitting a punching bag is a great way to release pent up energy and stress.
- 8. 6. Health Martial arts is a complete workout. You build stamina, strength, and flexibility. You also develop coordination and balance. You feel better physically as your body becomes stronger and more capable. You breathe better, and blood flows to all the necessary parts of the body more freely. Martial arts is a fun way to stay in shape. 7. Improves Character You learn respect, discipline, how to cooperate, and how to be humble. This is all part of perfecting your art. You work with your partners and learn from your instructor in a setting where bowing and handshakes are commonplace and helping each other is the norm. You must focus and be open to being corrected. You use criticism to improve yourself. The martial arts school is a great environment for learning the importance of perseverance and excellence. And this is why many martial artists call their training a way of life. It permeates a person's life and creates solid relationships and a sense of justice and respect. These are among the reasons why martial arts is so important.
- 9. COMPONENTS OF MARTIAL ARTS COMPONENT 1: TECHNIQUES Techniques are the movements and postures specific to your discipline. A few examples of martial arts and some of their signature techniques include: ? Boxing: jab, cross, hook, uppercut, bob and weave, etc. ? Freestyle wrestling: double leg takedown, single leg takedown, inside trip, cradle, suplex, Turk, etc. ? Fencing: lunge, parries, riposte, disengage, flèche, etc. ? MMA: right cross, double leg takedown, superman punch etc. ? Muay Thai: round kick, teep, clinch knee, spinning elbow, etc. ? Judo: Osoto gari, uchi mata, o goshi, juji jime, etc. ? Kung fu: the “shadowless kick,” “monkey steals the peaches”and 1000 other fancifully named techniques! Clearly the actual techniques used differ enormously between arts...
- 10. Clearly the actual techniques used differ enormously between arts... Harimau Silat and Chinese Baquazhang look nothing alike. Filipino Kali is very weapons entirely an empty- handed system. Judo are easily recognisable as totally different systems, even by laypeople with no martial arts experience. In the modern era it’s not uncommon occur between different systems. but with the advent of online video it’s going faster than ever... In the modern era it’s not uncommon for cross-pollination to pollination to occur between different systems his has been going on forever, This has been going on forever, but with the advent of online video it’s going faster than ever
- 11. COMPONENT 2: EQUIPMENT Traditionally many martial arts had their own unique training devices and equipment. . Some examples of martial arts equipment might include restling: wrestling mat, crash mat, takedown and suplex dummies ? Karate: makiwara (punching board), chi Karate: makiwara (punching board), chi-ishi (macebell), ishi sashi (stone padlocks), nigiri game (gripping jars) ? Boxing: gloves, headgear, heavy bag, speed bag, uppercut bag Sumo: doyho (the ring), mawashi (the sumo loincloth), teppo pole (slapping pole) Wing Chun Kung Fu: wooden dummy, rattan and steel forearm rings, wall mounted punching pads Thai boxing: thai pads, long thai bag, uppercut bag, focus mitts, shin roller, banana tree trunks (traditionally)
- 12. Now, because gloves are widely used in training, the hands are usually held higher, and head shots are much more common (this is true even in modern ‘bare knuckle boxing’ in the British Isles where combatants usually still use extensive hand wrapping even if they don’t use gloves). The use of mats for everyday training allows people to spend a lot more time on the bottom developing their skills than they might if they were training on concrete. Although scrapes and bruises wouldn’t worry me in a real street confrontation, if I ended up mauled and unable to walk every time I grappled then I’d certainly be much less inclined to train positions like the guard or my escapes from bad positions. The mats in jiu-jitsu allow you to avoid getting too badly beaten up in training, which then encourages you to put in more time on the mat and get in more repetitions for skill development. COMPONENT 3: TRAINING METHODS Training methods are the systems, drills and exercises used by a martial art in order to drill the techniques and make them instinctive. Essentially this is where you learn how to make your techniques smooth, instinctive, and functional in a real-life situation!
- 13. Karate has its katas and one-step sparring… Wing chun has its 3 primary forms, sticky hands, and the wooden dummy… Boxing has its shadowboxing, heavy bag training, focus mitt training, and sparring… Judo has two person uchikomi, three person uchikomi, tachiwaza randori, newaza randori, and yes, kata… So in the case of the Kung Fu, training used four primary training methods: 1. Isolated technique repetition (punches and kicks from a static stance) 2. Single person forms/kata 3. Two person forms/kata 4. Punching bag training
- 14. In each of those classes they may be using training methods unique to that style; in jiu- jitsu they may be shrimping and bridging, doing drills of repeated swinging armbars, and sparring, whereas on a given day in boxing they may mostly be working their shadowboxing and hitting the focus mitts. And then they’ll put it all together in blended MMA practices, which brings us to… DIFFERENT TYPES OF MARTIAL ARTS Striking or Stand-Up Martial Arts Styles Striking or stand-up martial arts styles teach practitioners how to defend themselves while on their feet by using blocks, kicks, punches, knees, and elbows. The degree to which they teach each of these aspects depends on the specific style, sub-style or instructor. Also, many of these stand-up styles teach other components of fighting. Striking styles include: ? Boxing ? Capoeira ? Karate ? Kickboxing ? Krav MagaKung Fu ? Tae Kwon Do ? Tang Soo Do
- 15. Grappling or Ground-Fighting Styles The grappling styles in martial arts focus on teaching practitioners how to take opponents to the ground, where they either achieve a dominant position or utilize a submission hold to end the fight. Grappling styles include: ? Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu ? Catch Wrestling ? Jujutsu ? Luta Livre ? Russian Sambo ? Sumo ? Wrestling Throwing or Takedown Styles Combat always starts from a standing position. The only sure way to get a fight to the ground is through the use of takedowns and throws, and that’s where these throwing styles come into play. Note that all of the grappling styles listed above also teach takedowns, and most of these throwing styles teach grappling. Clearly, there is a significant amount of overlap, but the primary focus with these styles is takedowns. Throwing styles include: ? Aikido ? Judo ? Hapkido
- 16. Weapons-Based Styles Many of the aforementioned styles use weapons in their systems. For example, Goju- ryu karate practitioners are taught to use the bokken (wooden sword). But some martial arts are centered entirely around weapons. Weapons-based styles include: Kali ? Iaido ? Kendo
- 17. Low-Impact or Meditative Styles Practitioners of low-impact styles of martial arts are mostly concerned with breathing techniques, fitness, and the spiritual side of their movements rather than combat in particular. However, all of these styles were once used for combat and still can be, as the 2013 Chinese-American film "The Man of Tai Chi" illustrates. Low-impact styles include: ? Baguazhang ? Tai Chi ? Chi Gong-based styles Hybrid Fighting Styles Most martial arts styles use techniques found in others. In recent years, many schools are simply teaching several martial arts styles together, which is known as mixed martial arts and has been popularized by contests such as the Ultimate Fighting Championship. The term MMA generally refers to training in a competitive style of martial arts that incorporates grappling, stand up fighting, takedowns, throws, and submissions. In addition to the aforementioned styles, hybrid martial arts forms include the following:
- 18. MMA ? Jeet Kune Do ? Ninjutsu ? Shoot fighting
- 19. THANK YOU!