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The document discusses the endocrine and exocrine systems. The endocrine system includes glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, while the exocrine system includes glands that secrete substances through ducts to the external environment. Some key endocrine glands are the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, and adrenal glands. Important hormones produced include growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and gonadotropins which stimulate the sex glands.
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The endocrine system secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream. Certain medical terms relate to the endocrine system, such as polydipsia meaning excessive thirst, polyuria meaning excessive urination, hypercalcemia meaning excessive calcium in the blood, and gonadotropin meaning hormones that stimulate the adrenal cortex. Postprandial refers to something occurring after a meal.Endocrine system -Local hormones
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This document discusses several hormones that act locally in the body as paracrine signaling molecules rather than traditional endocrine hormones. These local hormones include histamine, serotonin, prostaglandins, erythropoietin, and several gastrointestinal hormones. Histamine is released during inflammation and causes effects like increased capillary permeability. Serotonin influences intestinal secretion and smooth muscle contraction. Prostaglandins have a wide range of physiological effects and are involved in processes like inflammation, pain, fever, and blood pressure regulation. Erythropoietin is synthesized in the kidneys and stimulates red blood cell formation. Gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin, secretin, and cholecystokinin influence digestive juice secretion.Anatomy Lab exercise 19
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This document provides an overview of the major endocrine glands and their functions. It describes how the hypothalamus and pituitary gland regulate hormone production and release from other glands like the thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, gonads and more. Key hormones are identified for each gland along with their roles in processes like metabolism, growth, reproduction and maintaining homeostasis. Histology slides are also included to illustrate the cellular structure of the different endocrine tissues.Endocrine system suffixes
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The document discusses suffixes used in endocrine system terminology. It describes suffixes that indicate thirst (-dipsia), stimulate hormone production (-tropin), and refer to hormone secretion (-crine). Specifically, it defines suffixes like -dipsia, -tropin, and -crine and provides examples of medical terms that use each suffix, such as adipsia, gonadotropins, and endocrine.Endocrine system
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The document discusses the endocrine system and some of its key glands. It defines the endocrine system as consisting of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, such as the adrenal glands, pancreas, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, ovaries, and testes. It provides additional details about the pancreas, which is the only organ that has both endocrine and exocrine functions, and Cushing syndrome, a metabolic disorder caused by excessive corticosteroid hormone production in the adrenal cortex.4/10 Endocrine system
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The endocrine system coordinates activities through chemical messengers called hormones. It consists of endocrine glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland regulate many other endocrine glands. The thyroid gland regulates metabolism through thyroxine and calcitonin regulates calcium levels. The parathyroid glands work with the thyroid to maintain calcium homeostasis through PTH. The adrenal glands produce hormones like adrenaline for the fight-or-flight response. The pancreas regulates blood sugar through insulin and glucagon. The gonads produce sex hormones like testosterone and estrogen.Human endocrine system
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The document discusses the endocrine system, detailing the various glands such as the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands, which release hormones essential for bodily functions. It explains the roles of specific hormones including growth hormone, prolactin, and testosterone in regulating metabolism, growth, and reproductive health. The document emphasizes the importance of these glands in maintaining overall well-being and the coordination of bodily activities.Viewers also liked (10)
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The document summarizes the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic system uses norepinephrine as a neurotransmitter and activates the "fight or flight" response. The parasympathetic system uses acetylcholine and activates the "rest and digest" response. Cholinergic drugs stimulate the parasympathetic system while anticholinergic drugs block parasympathetic effects.Physiology of autonomic nervous system
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The document discusses the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic system activates the "fight or flight" response and increases heart rate and metabolism. The parasympathetic system activates the "rest and digest" response and decreases heart rate and increases digestion. The ANS innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands, and is involved in functions like sweating, digestion, and sexual arousal.Autonomic Nervous System Pharmacology and Cholinergics (updated 2016) - drdhr...
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The document discusses autonomic drugs and the autonomic nervous system. It notes that autonomic drugs are clinically relevant and used to treat conditions like angina, heart failure, and high blood pressure. The autonomic nervous system maintains homeostasis through the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Cholinergic transmission occurs through the release and binding of acetylcholine to nicotinic and muscarinic receptors.L1: Drugs acting on the ANS
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autonomic nervous system Pptdrbskamble
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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) controls involuntary body functions like heart rate, digestion, and respiration. It is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
The sympathetic division is responsible for the "fight or flight" response and mobilizes the body during emergencies. It activates processes like increased heart rate. The parasympathetic division is responsible for "rest and digest" processes and activates functions like digestion when the body is at rest.
Both divisions use a two-neuron pathway consisting of a preganglionic neuron with a cell body in the CNS and a postganglionic neuron with a cell body in a peripheral ganglion. They differ in the locations of their preganglAntirheumatoid drugs
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1) Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by joint inflammation and cartilage destruction, causing pain, swelling, and loss of function. It affects around 1-2% of the population and is more common in women over age 55.
2) Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) like methotrexate, sulfasalazine, and hydroxychloroquine are used to suppress the rheumatoid process and bring remission, in addition to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for symptom relief. Biologic response modifiers targeting tumor necrosis factor alpha are also used.
3) Methotrexate is one of the most effective and commonly usedAns pharmacology
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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates involuntary functions and has two divisions: the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) and sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Both use two neurons - a preganglionic neuron that synapses in an autonomic ganglion and a postganglionic neuron that innervates the target organ. In the PNS, acetylcholine is released at both synapses to activate nicotinic then muscarinic receptors. In the SNS, acetylcholine is released at the ganglion, while norepinephrine is released at the organ to activate adrenergic receptors. The PNS activates "rest and digest" functions, while the SNS activates "fightAutonomic nervous system Physiology
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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) controls involuntary functions like heartbeat, breathing, and digestion. It has two divisions - the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.
The sympathetic system prepares the body for "fight or flight" through actions like increasing heart rate. It uses norepinephrine as a neurotransmitter. The parasympathetic system allows the body to "rest and digest" through actions like slowing the heart rate. It uses acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter.
Both systems involve two neurons - a preganglionic neuron from the CNS and a postganglionic neuron. They differ in the lengths of their neurons and the locations of their cell bodies. Together they work to maintain homeostasis through complementaryAutonomic Nervous System Pharmacology and Cholinergics (updated 2016) - drdhr...
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The document discusses the major hormone-secreting glands of the endocrine system, including the hypothalamus, anterior and posterior pituitary, adrenal cortex and medulla, thyroid, parathyroid glands, pancreatic islet cells, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, ovaries, and placenta. It explains that the endocrine system works closely with the nervous system to regulate body systems through the secretion of hormones like insulin, estrogen, cortisol, and others. Disorders of the endocrine system have the potential to affect all organ systems.Hormones the perfect storm
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The document provides an in-depth look at the endocrine system through recipes and tables. It discusses how the nervous and endocrine systems work together to regulate hormones. The major glands of the endocrine system are described, including the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal gland, pineal body, and reproductive glands. Hormones are classified by function and structure. Steroid and nonsteroid hormones are defined. Finally, tables list the major hormones and the glands, targets, and principal actions of each.Basic ap chapter 17 powerpoint 2017
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The document provides an overview of the endocrine system. It describes that the endocrine and nervous systems work together to maintain homeostasis. The endocrine system uses chemical signaling via hormones to regulate slower processes, while the nervous system uses both electrical and chemical signaling for rapid responses. Major glands of the endocrine system secrete hormones like insulin, adrenaline, estrogen and testosterone which target specific cells and regulate various bodily functions.Chapter 11
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The document summarizes the key components of the endocrine system. It describes the main endocrine glands - the pineal gland, gonads, adrenal glands, pancreas, thyroid gland, and pituitary gland. It explains that the endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream, while exocrine glands release secretions through ducts. The pituitary gland is called the "master gland" as it controls many other endocrine glands. In closing, it provides some brief details on each of the main endocrine glands and their functions.15. introduction to endocrinology
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The document provides an overview of the endocrine system, including its functions, major glands, hormones, and mechanisms of action. The endocrine system maintains homeostasis through chemical signaling via hormones, which are secreted into the bloodstream and target distant cells. Hormones are classified based on their structure as steroids, peptides, or amines and act by binding to specific receptors on target cells.powerpoint-endocrine.pptx
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The document provides an overview of the endocrine system, detailing its components including various endocrine glands and their hormonal secretions, which play crucial roles in regulating bodily functions such as metabolism, growth, and mood. It contrasts endocrine glands with exocrine glands, explaining the mechanisms of hormone action and the importance of receptors for hormone interaction. Additionally, it highlights the integration of the endocrine and nervous systems in maintaining homeostasis and regulating physiological processes.Endocrine system
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The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions such as growth, metabolism, reproduction, and the stress response. The major endocrine glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pancreas, and gonads. The endocrine system works through chemical messengers called hormones to help maintain homeostasis, support growth and development, and coordinate cellular and organ functions throughout the body.The endocrine system
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The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to help maintain homeostasis. The system includes the adrenal glands, ovaries, parathyroid glands, pancreas, pineal gland, testes, thymus gland, and thyroid gland. The suffixes "-crine" and "-tropin" are used in relation to hormones. "-crine" refers to secreting, as seen in "endocrine." "-tropin" refers to stimulating, as seen in hormones like somatotropin and gonadotropins. Somatotropin stimulates growth while gonadotropins influence the gonads.hormones and endocrine system
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The endocrine system is made up of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate distant target tissues and organs. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland control much of the endocrine system by producing hormones that signal other glands. The major glands include the thyroid, pancreas, adrenals, gonads, and pineal gland. These glands produce a variety of hormones such as insulin, glucagon, estrogen, testosterone, cortisol, and melatonin which regulate processes like metabolism, sexual development, and biological rhythms.Endocrine System
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The document provides information about the endocrine system. It defines key terms like glands, hormones, target cells, and homeostasis. It describes several important endocrine glands - the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and gonads. For each gland, it lists the major hormones secreted and their effects on the body. It also discusses several endocrine disorders and their symptoms.The Endocrine Glands
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The document discusses the endocrine system and its major glands. It explains that endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, rather than through ducts. The major glands discussed are the pituitary gland, adrenal glands, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, gonads, and pancreas. The hormones secreted by these glands help regulate processes throughout the body like growth, metabolism, mood, and stress response. Imbalances in hormone levels can result in various medical conditions. Overall, the endocrine system works closely with the nervous system to maintain homeostasis in the body.endocrine system
endocrine systemPriyaSoni93
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The endocrine system includes glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate functions like growth, metabolism, reproduction, and response to stimuli. The major endocrine glands are the pituitary, hypothalamus, pineal, thyroid, parathyroids, pancreas, adrenals, and gonads. The pituitary gland controls other glands and regulates growth, blood pressure, and sex organ functions. The thyroid regulates heart rate and metabolism. The pancreas regulates blood sugar through insulin and glucagon. The adrenals produce cortisol and hormones for stress response and digestion. The gonads produce sex hormones in males and females.The endocrine system
The endocrine system鴛稼糸庄温
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The endocrine system is made up of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate distant target organs and tissues. The major endocrine glands include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. Hormones act through feedback loops to maintain homeostasis and are amplified through cascading enzyme responses in target cells that express receptors for specific hormones. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland control the endocrine system through releasing and inhibiting hormones that signal other glands.Class 11-Biology Investigatory Project-Study of Hormones.pdf
Class 11-Biology Investigatory Project-Study of Hormones.pdfNurulRizwana
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This document discusses the role of hormones, chemical messengers essential for regulating growth, metabolism, reproduction, and homeostasis. It explains the endocrine system's components like the pituitary, hypothalamus, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands, testes, and ovaries. Each glands hormones, functions, and disorders are detailed. The document highlights the mechanisms of hormone action, feedback control, and consequences of hormonal imbalances such as diabetes, infertility, thyroid disorders, and obesity. It stresses the importance of endocrinology for diagnosing and managing these conditions, and emphasizes the ongoing research to improve understanding and treatment of hormonal issues.Ad
Chp11
- 2. -crine Means to secrete Endo Inside; within Exo- Outside; external
- 3. Examples The endocrine system is a system of glands that secretes different types of hormones into the bloodstream An exocrine gland excretes product via a duct to some environment external to itself
- 4. Endocrine Organs Hypothalamus Pineal gland Pituitary gland Thyroid Alimentary system Kidney Adrenal glands Reproductive system
- 5. Endocrine Secreted Hormones Dopamine Anti-diuretic hormone GHRH Growth hormone Somatostatin Prolactin Oxytocin Luteinizing Hormone Vasopressin Thyroid-stimulating hormone Thyroxin
- 6. Exocrine Glands Salivary glands Bile-producing glands of the liver Prostate gland Gastric glands Sweat gland
- 7. -tropin -tropin To stimulate Gonad/o Sex glands
- 8. Gonadotropin Protein hormones secreted by gonadotrope cells of the anterior pituitary Hormones include: FSH LH hCG eCG CG