COMMON BEHAVIOR DISORDER IN CHILDREN AND MANAGEMENT.pptx

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Enuresis and encopresis are common behavioral disorders in children characterized by involuntary urination or defecation. Enuresis is defined as bed-wetting beyond the age of toilet training, usually occurring at night, and can be caused by structural issues, infections, neurological defects or emotional factors. Management involves proper toilet training, adversion therapy, antidepressants, antispasmodics or antidiuretics. Nurses educate families on the conditions and treatment, provide psychosocial support, and encourage participation in care. Encopresis involves recurrent soiling of clothes from stool and can be caused by stress, environment, inner sphincter issues or genetics. Treatment focuses on diet, proper toilet routines, behavior

COMMONBEHAVIOR
DISORDERINCHILDRENAND
MANAGEMENT

COMMON BEHAVIOR DISORDER IN CHILDREN AND MANAGEMENT.pptx

ENURESIS
PRESENTED BY- SALMAN
KHAN
LECTURER (IINSR)

definition
• It is common and troublesome disorder that is defined as intentional and involuntary passage of
urine in to bed at night or in to clothes during the day in the children who are beyond the age.
• Commonly known as Bed-wetting, is a disorder characterised by the inability to control frequent
urination especially at nighT

etiology
• Structural disorder of urinary tract
• Urinary infection
• Neurological defects
• Diabetes
• Emotional factors

Clinical features
• Acute discomfort
• Restlessness
• Urinary frequency
• Nocturnal bed-wetting

management
• Adversion therapy and proper toilet training plays an important role in the management of the
functional enuresis.

Medical management
• Antidepressants
• Antispasmodics
• Antidiuretics

Nursing management
• Tech the child and parents about causes and treatment of enuresis
• Teach the child about exploration of feeling guilt or blame
• Provide psychosocial support to the child
• Provide emotional support and encourage the child's participation in treatment plan
• Counselling therapy must be given
• Sustain feelings of confidence and hope

DEFINITION
• It is a abnormal elimination pattern characterized by recurrent soiling or passage of stool at
inappropriate times by child who has achieved bowel incontinence.

etiology
• Stress
• Environment
• Incompetence of the inner sphincter
• Genetic predisposition
• Involuntry control of bladder

Clinical features
• Voluntary or involuntary retention of stool in the lower bowel and rectum
• Dialation of lower bowel
• Loose stool
• Diarrhoea
• Offensive body order

Nursing management
• Advice to take proper diet such as lubricates to clear the bowel impacted stool, plenty of liquid
and roughage
• Reinforce proper toilet training training
• Limit the intake of refined and highly processed dairy products.
• Child should sit on the toilet for several minutes after morning and evening meals.
• Behaviour modification techniques must be used.
• Use laxative and stool softeners in case of constipation.
• Psychotherapy involving the child and family may be indicated in instances of dysfunctional
parent child relationship.

This document provides information about enuresis or bedwetting in children. It defines enuresis and describes the types as nocturnal or diurnal. Normal bladder development and toilet training are discussed. Epidemiology notes the prevalence is highest in young boys and declines with age. Etiology may involve biological, emotional, and learning factors as well as familial patterns. Evaluation includes history, exam, urinalysis, and ultrasound. Treatment begins with lifestyle changes but may involve alarms or medications like desmopressin if needed. The long-term goal is to improve the child's well-being and self-esteem.

Nocturnal enuresis 2019Hussein Abdeldayem

��

This document provides information about nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting), including its definition, epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Nocturnal enuresis is defined as involuntary voiding during sleep at least twice a week for at least three months in a child aged 5 years or older. It affects more boys than girls and is often familial. Primary enuresis is caused by delayed cortical maturation while secondary enuresis can be caused by medical conditions. Treatment involves pharmacotherapy with desmopressin, imipramine, or anticholinergics as well as behavioral techniques like conditioning and alarms.

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Functional constipation and encopresis in childreniamanjalimk95

��

Functional constipation and encopresis can develop due to social stressors, dietary changes, inappropriate toilet training, or painful bowel movements establishing a cycle of retention. Management includes parental education, increasing fiber/water, exercise, proper toilet training, and medical therapy including disimpaction, stool softeners, and behavioral interventions. Chronic constipation may lead to a megarectum, and encopresis is the involuntary passage of feces occurring at least monthly for 3 months in children over age 4.

CHILDHOOD BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS AND ITS MANAGEMENT: AGE AND NATURE: INFANCY , ...Manisha Thakur

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CHILDHOOD BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS AND ITS MANAGEMENT: AGE AND NATURE: INFANCY , TODDLERS , ADOLESCENCE: SPEECH DISORDERS: SOMNAMBULISM, SOMNILOQUY. EATING DISORDERS: ANOREXIA NERVOSA AND BULIMIA. MOVEMENT DISORDERS: TICS. SPEECH DISORDERS: STUTTERING, CLUTTERING, STAMMERING. DISORDERS OF TOILET TRAINING: ENURESIS, ECOPRESIS. DISORDERS OF HABIT: TEMPER TANTRUM, BREATH HOLDING SPELLS, THUMB SUCKING, NAIL BITING. ADHD, SCHOOL PHOBIA, STRANGER ANXIETY.

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��

This document discusses enuresis (bed-wetting) in children. It defines the different types of enuresis and describes normal bladder development and toilet training. The epidemiology of enuresis is presented, noting that prevalence is higher in boys and decreases with age. Etiology involves biological, emotional, and learning factors, with some evidence of genetic links. Evaluation includes history, exam, urinalysis and ultrasound to rule out underlying causes. Treatment begins with lifestyle changes and rewards, and may involve alarms or medications like desmopressin or imipramine if needed. The goal is to encourage dryness and self-esteem while allowing for the high rate of spontaneous remission.

Behavioural disorders in childrenakhilesh pillai

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This document provides information on various child behavior problems including definitions, categorization, causes, signs and symptoms, and management strategies. It discusses common behavior problems such as habit problems, eating problems, sleep problems, speech problems, and antisocial behavior in children from infancy through adolescence. Specific problems covered in detail include thumb sucking, nail biting, tics, enuresis, encopresis, pica, anorexia nervosa, and bulimia nervosa. Nursing considerations are also outlined for assessing, treating, and educating parents on many of these childhood behavior issues.

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1) Elimination disorders like encopresis and enuresis are common in children and involve repeated soiling or bed-wetting past the age when continence is expected. Encopresis is often caused by chronic constipation while enuresis has genetic and developmental factors. 2) Feeding and eating disorders in children include pica, rumination disorder, and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder. Pica involves eating non-food items and rumination involves regurgitating and rechewing food. These disorders can be caused by nutritional deficiencies, neurological issues, or psychosocial factors. 3) Treatments for these disorders include behavioral, educational, and pharmacological approaches. Behavioral treatments

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This document provides an overview of encopresis, including its definition, epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Encopresis is the involuntary passage of stool in children over 4 years old without direct physiological causes. It often results from chronic constipation and the retention of large stools. Diagnosis involves evaluating the child's bowel habits and conducting tests to rule out other causes. Treatment focuses on disimpaction and prevention of recurrence through increased fiber, laxatives, toilet training, and behavior therapy. Prognosis is generally good with resolution of constipation.

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1. Functional constipation is defined as difficulty or delay in defecation causing significant distress. It is common in children, especially toddlers and preschoolers. 2. Evaluation involves history, examination looking for precipitants and red flags suggestive of organic causes. Investigations are rarely needed for functional constipation. 3. Management includes dietary modifications, toilet training, disimpaction of hard stool using oral agents like PEG, and maintenance therapy with osmotic laxatives like PEG or lactulose. Stimulant laxatives are used short-term for rescue therapy during acute episodes.

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ABSTRACT: Nocturnal enuresis or night time urinary incontinence, commonly called bedwetting or sleep wetting, is involuntary urination while asleep after the age at which bladder control usually occurs. Bedwetting is a common childhood urologic complaint and one of the most common pediatric health issues. Enuresis is notoriously difficult to treat and is frequently related to psychological factors. The emotional impact of enuresis on a child and family is considerable. Children with enuresis are commonly punished and are at risk for emotional and physical abuse. Numerous studies of children with enuresis report feelings of embarrassment and anxiety, loss of self-esteem, and effects on self-perception, interpersonal relationships, quality of life, and school performance. The condition can be successfully treated with homoeopathic medicines but require a long term follow – up. The present article focuses on management of this medical condition with our medicines.

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This document summarizes elimination disorders in children, focusing on encopresis and enuresis. It discusses the normal developmental milestones of bowel and bladder control in toddlers. Encopresis is defined as passing feces in inappropriate places at least once a month for 3 months, whether involuntary or intentional, in children aged 4 years or older. Enuresis is the repeated voiding of urine into clothes or bed twice weekly for 3 months in children aged 5 years or older. The document reviews epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, assessment and diagnostic criteria for both encopresis and enuresis.

Approach to constipation in children copySayed Ahmed

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- Constipation is common in children and is usually functional, with organic causes making up only 5% of cases. - Functional constipation is caused by factors like diet, toilet training, and certain drugs. Organic causes include Hirschsprung's disease and neurological or endocrine disorders. - Treatment involves disimpaction followed by maintenance therapy including dietary changes, toilet training, and long-term laxative use. Most children require prolonged treatment for months to years and have high recurrence rates if therapy is stopped early.

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Functional constipation with bleeding anal fissure is the most likely diagnosis for the 4-year-old girl presenting with a 2-year history of constipation. No investigations are necessary. Treatment includes disempaction using oral polyethylene glycol, followed by a maintenance regimen of laxatives and lifestyle modifications to achieve regular soft bowel movements and prevent recurrence, along with analgesia for the anal fissures.

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The document discusses tube feeding in pediatric patients and strategies for weaning them off tube feeds. It notes both benefits and problems with long-term tube feeding, including complications, decreased oral motor function, and increased risk of feeding disorders. The summary outlines a diagnostic protocol and home-based treatment approach for weaning that focuses on play, establishing hunger cues, and gradually reducing tube feeds while monitoring for symptoms like food refusal. Outcomes data suggests the approach is effective at reducing symptoms and allowing most children to be fully weaned from tubes.

Infantile colicPeter Ram

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Infantile colic is a self-limiting condition characterized by periods of crying in otherwise healthy infants under 5 months of age. While the exact cause is unknown, potential contributors include immature gastrointestinal and central nervous systems, lactose intolerance, altered gut microflora, and behavioral factors. The main treatment is parental counseling and reassurance as the condition typically resolves by 3 months of age. Dietary interventions like lactase supplementation or probiotics containing Lactobacillus reuteri have shown benefits, but more research is still needed on effective management options.

Nocturnal EnuresisEslam Awesh

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Nocturnal enuresis, or bedwetting, is involuntary urination during sleep that occurs in approximately 15% of children aged 5 and 5% of children aged 10. It can be caused by delayed development of bladder control mechanisms or small bladder capacity. Evaluation involves screening for secondary causes and treatment primarily focuses on behavior modification techniques like bladder training and alarms or drug therapy with desmopressin or imipramine if needed. Prognosis is generally good as the majority of cases resolve spontaneously by adolescence.

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COMMON BEHAVIOR DISORDER IN CHILDREN AND MANAGEMENT.pptx

1. COMMONBEHAVIOR DISORDERINCHILDRENAND MANAGEMENT

2. ENURESIS & ENCUPORESIS

4. ENURESIS PRESENTED BY- SALMAN KHAN LECTURER (IINSR)

5. definition • It is common and troublesome disorder that is defined as intentional and involuntary passage of urine in to bed at night or in to clothes during the day in the children who are beyond the age. • Commonly known as Bed-wetting, is a disorder characterised by the inability to control frequent urination especially at nighT

6. etiology • Structural disorder of urinary tract • Urinary infection • Neurological defects • Diabetes • Emotional factors

7. Clinical features • Acute discomfort • Restlessness • Urinary frequency • Nocturnal bed-wetting

8. management • Adversion therapy and proper toilet training plays an important role in the management of the functional enuresis.

9. Medical management • Antidepressants • Antispasmodics • Antidiuretics

10. Nursing management • Tech the child and parents about causes and treatment of enuresis • Teach the child about exploration of feeling guilt or blame • Provide psychosocial support to the child • Provide emotional support and encourage the child's participation in treatment plan • Counselling therapy must be given • Sustain feelings of confidence and hope

11. ENCOPRESIS

12. DEFINITION • It is a abnormal elimination pattern characterized by recurrent soiling or passage of stool at inappropriate times by child who has achieved bowel incontinence.

13. etiology • Stress • Environment • Incompetence of the inner sphincter • Genetic predisposition • Involuntry control of bladder

14. Clinical features • Voluntary or involuntary retention of stool in the lower bowel and rectum • Dialation of lower bowel • Loose stool • Diarrhoea • Offensive body order

15. Nursing management • Advice to take proper diet such as lubricates to clear the bowel impacted stool, plenty of liquid and roughage • Reinforce proper toilet training training • Limit the intake of refined and highly processed dairy products. • Child should sit on the toilet for several minutes after morning and evening meals. • Behaviour modification techniques must be used. • Use laxative and stool softeners in case of constipation. • Psychotherapy involving the child and family may be indicated in instances of dysfunctional parent child relationship.

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COMMON BEHAVIOR DISORDER IN CHILDREN AND MANAGEMENT.pptx

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