This document summarizes key points from Chapter 1 of William Stallings' Computer Organization and Architecture 8th Edition. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to a programmer, like the instruction set and data representation. Organization is how those features are implemented in the hardware. While different versions of Intel and IBM processors have varying organizations, they share the same basic architecture, allowing for code compatibility. All computer functions involve data processing, storage, movement, and control. The document outlines the book's topics which cover computer evolution, internal components like memory and the CPU, and advanced concepts like RISC processors and multiprocessing.
This document summarizes key points from Chapter 1 of William Stallings' Computer Organization and Architecture 8th Edition. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to a programmer, like the instruction set and data representation. Organization is how those features are implemented in the hardware. While different versions of Intel and IBM processors have varying organizations, they share the same basic architecture, allowing for code compatibility. All computer functions involve data processing, storage, movement, and control. The document outlines the book's chapters and provides internet resources for additional information on computer architecture topics.
This document summarizes key points from Chapter 1 of William Stallings' Computer Organization and Architecture 8th Edition. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to a programmer, like the instruction set and data representation. Organization is how those features are implemented in the hardware. While different versions of Intel and IBM processors have varying organizations, they share the same basic architecture, allowing for code compatibility. All computer functions involve data processing, storage, movement, and control. The document outlines the book's chapters and provides internet resources for additional information on computer architecture topics.
This document summarizes key points from Chapter 1 of William Stallings' Computer Organization and Architecture textbook. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to a programmer, such as instruction set and data representation. Organization is how architectural features are implemented using components like control signals and interfaces. While different versions of Intel and IBM processors share the same architecture, ensuring code compatibility, their internal organizations differ. All computer functions involve data processing, storage, movement and control. The document outlines the book's topics and provides internet resources for further information.
This document summarizes key points from Chapter 1 of the 7th edition of the book "Computer Organization and Architecture" by William Stallings. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to a programmer, like the instruction set, while organization is how those features are implemented in hardware. It notes that Intel x86 and IBM System/370 share the same architectures but have differing organizations. The document outlines that all computer functions involve data processing, storage, movement and control. It provides a high-level view of the structure of a computer including main memory, CPU, and I/O systems. Finally, it lists some Internet resources for additional information on computer architecture topics.
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This document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 1 of William Stallings' Computer Organization and Architecture textbook, 7th edition. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to a programmer, such as instruction set and data representation. Organization is how architectural features are implemented in hardware. The document discusses the structure and function of computers at different levels, from top-level components like CPU and memory to the internal structure of the control unit. It provides an outline of topics that will be covered in the book, such as instruction sets, CPU structure, and operating system support.
computer organization and architecture.pptezatkhatab706
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This document provides an introduction to computer architecture and organization. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to programmers, such as instruction sets and data representation. Organization is defined as how the architectural features are implemented in hardware. The document notes that while different computer families may share the same architecture, ensuring code compatibility, their internal organizations may differ. It also distinguishes between computer architecture, which focuses on high-level functionalities, and computer organization, which describes how components are arranged and interconnected at a low level.
The document discusses the differences between architecture and organization in computer systems. Architecture refers to attributes visible to programmers like instruction sets and data representation. Organization refers to how features are implemented internally, like control signals and memory technology. While different systems may share the same architecture for compatibility, their internal organizations can differ between versions. The document also outlines the structure and functions of computers at different levels from the overall system down to the CPU and its components.
This document provides an overview of key concepts from William Stallings' Computer Organization and Architecture textbook. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to a programmer, such as instruction set and data representation, while organization refers to how features are implemented internally, like control signals and memory technology. It notes that while instruction sets may be compatible across systems from the same manufacturer, the internal organization can differ between versions. The document also gives a high-level overview of the book's chapter topics and provides some recommended Internet resources for additional information on computer architecture topics.
This document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 1 of the book "Computer Organization and Architecture" by William Stallings. It defines computer architecture as the attributes visible to programmers, like instruction sets, while organization refers to how features are implemented internally. Architecture gives code compatibility, while organization differs between versions. Structure is how components relate, and function is how individual components operate as part of the structure. The document outlines the book's chapters and provides Internet resources for further information.
This chapter introduces computer architecture and organization. Architecture refers to attributes visible to programmers like the instruction set. Organization is how features are implemented internally. The x86 and IBM System/370 families share the same architectures but have different organizations between versions. Computer functions involve data processing, storage, movement, and control. The chapter outlines the book's topics and provides internet resources for further information.
This document provides information about a course on computer architecture and organization. The course will cover the basics of computer hardware, how computers represent and manipulate data, and the MIPS instruction set architecture. Students will learn how a simple computer is designed, including components like data format, instruction format, addressing modes, and the data, instruction, and address flow. The course assessments include assignments, presentations, and an open book exam. Key topics that will be covered include computer structure and function, CPU organization, instruction sets, and control unit operation. Recommended textbooks are also provided.
The document discusses the differences between computer architecture and organization. Architecture refers to attributes visible to programmers like instruction sets, while organization refers to how features are implemented internally. It also discusses the functional view of a computer in terms of data movement, control, storage, and processing. Finally, it outlines the chapters of the book which will cover topics like CPU structure, instruction sets, and computer evolution.
The document discusses computer architecture and organization. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to programmers, such as instruction sets, while organization refers to how features are implemented physically. Architecture describes what a computer does at a high level, while organization describes how it does it at a low level. Architecture deals with functional behavior and indicates performance, while organization deals with structural relationships and physical implementation.
This document provides an introduction and overview of computer organization and architecture. It discusses that a computer is not intelligent on its own, but requires human programming. It describes the different levels of program code from high-level languages to machine code. It also summarizes the levels below a program including system software, compilers, operating systems, and hardware. The document outlines the course which will cover topics like CPU structure, instruction sets, memory, I/O, and parallel processing. The goal is to understand how hardware and software work together and how to write more efficient programs.
This document provides an introduction and overview of computer architecture. It discusses the basic goals of understanding how computation works, the basic architecture principles to build a computer, and the basic architecture of digital electronic computers. It emphasizes that knowledge of computer architecture is still relevant today and can help with jobs and career advancement in computer engineering fields. The document outlines the typical components that will be covered in a computer architecture course, including the CPU, memory, I/O, and different instruction set architectures. It defines a computer system and describes the key functions of data processing, storage, movement and control, as well as the typical structural components of a CPU, memory unit, and I/O unit.
The document provides an overview of computer organization and architecture. It discusses that computer architecture focuses on the logical structure and behavior of a computer system, while computer organization deals with the physical implementation and operational attributes. The document also outlines the evolution of computers from early vacuum tube-based systems to modern multicore processors, noting increased processing speed, smaller component sizes, and larger memory capacities over time. It describes the classic Von Neumann architecture with separate memory and processing units, and how this basic structure is still prevalent in modern systems.
This document provides an overview of computer system organization and operation. It discusses the basic units of a stored program computer including the processor, memory, and I/O system. It describes the basic computer operations of input, storage, processing, and output. It also outlines the hierarchical levels of a computer system from the problem statement down to the logic circuits and devices. Finally, it discusses the central processing unit and its main structural components including the control unit and arithmetic logic unit.
Computer organization and architecture are related but distinct fields. Computer organization deals with how hardware components are interconnected and work together to realize the specifications set by computer architecture. Computer architecture determines attributes like instruction sets, memory organization, and input/output mechanisms. Studying computer organization and architecture is important for understanding how computers work at both the hardware and software levels. It provides knowledge about system design, components, and performance.
Coprocessors were introduced in the 1970s to offload floating-point arithmetic operations from main processors. A coprocessor is a specialized circuit that performs tasks like floating-point operations faster than the main processor. Coprocessors extend capabilities and increase processing speed. They are used for tasks the main processor cannot perform directly, like trigonometric or logarithmic functions. Coprocessors interface with the main processor via instruction monitoring or command registers, and perform calculations to aid the main processor. Common coprocessors include the 8087, 80287, and 80387 which added floating-point support to processors like the 8086, 80286, and 80386 respectively.
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This document provides an introduction to computer architecture and organization. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to programmers, such as instruction sets and data representation. Organization is defined as how the architectural features are implemented in hardware. The document notes that while different computer families may share the same architecture, ensuring code compatibility, their internal organizations may differ. It also distinguishes between computer architecture, which focuses on high-level functionalities, and computer organization, which describes how components are arranged and interconnected at a low level.
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This document provides an overview of key concepts from William Stallings' Computer Organization and Architecture textbook. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to a programmer, such as instruction set and data representation, while organization refers to how features are implemented internally, like control signals and memory technology. It notes that while instruction sets may be compatible across systems from the same manufacturer, the internal organization can differ between versions. The document also gives a high-level overview of the book's chapter topics and provides some recommended Internet resources for additional information on computer architecture topics.
This document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 1 of the book "Computer Organization and Architecture" by William Stallings. It defines computer architecture as the attributes visible to programmers, like instruction sets, while organization refers to how features are implemented internally. Architecture gives code compatibility, while organization differs between versions. Structure is how components relate, and function is how individual components operate as part of the structure. The document outlines the book's chapters and provides Internet resources for further information.
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This document provides information about a course on computer architecture and organization. The course will cover the basics of computer hardware, how computers represent and manipulate data, and the MIPS instruction set architecture. Students will learn how a simple computer is designed, including components like data format, instruction format, addressing modes, and the data, instruction, and address flow. The course assessments include assignments, presentations, and an open book exam. Key topics that will be covered include computer structure and function, CPU organization, instruction sets, and control unit operation. Recommended textbooks are also provided.
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2. Architecture & Organization 1
• Architecture is those attributes visible to the
programmer
—Instruction set, number of bits used for data
representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing
techniques.
—e.g. Is there a multiply instruction?
• Organization is how features are
implemented
—Control signals, interfaces, memory technology.
—e.g. Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it done
by repeated addition?
3. Architecture & Organization 2
• All Intel x86 family share the same basic
architecture
• The IBM System/370 family share the same
basic architecture
• This gives code compatibility
—At least backwards
• Organization differs between different
versions
4. Structure & Function
• Structure is the way in which components
relate to each other
• Function is the operation of individual
components as part of the structure
5. Function
• All computer functions are:
—Data processing
—Data storage
—Data movement
—Control
11. Structure - Top Level
Computer
Main
Memory
Input
Output
Systems
Interconnection
Peripherals
Communication
lines
Central
Processing
Unit
Computer
12. Structure - The CPU
Computer Arithmetic
and
Logic Unit
Control
Unit
Internal CPU
Interconnection
Registers
CPU
I/O
Memory
System
Bus
CPU
13. Structure - The Control Unit
CPU
Control
Memory
Control Unit
Registers and
Decoders
Sequencing
Logic
Control
Unit
ALU
Registers
Internal
Bus
Control Unit
14. Outline of the Book (1)
• Computer Evolution and Performance
• Computer Interconnection Structures
• Internal Memory
• External Memory
• Input/Output
• Operating Systems Support
• Computer Arithmetic
• Instruction Sets
15. Outline of the Book (2)
• CPU Structure and Function
• Reduced Instruction Set Computers
• Superscalar Processors
• Control Unit Operation
• Microprogrammed Control
• Multiprocessors and Vector Processing
• Digital Logic (Appendix)
16. Internet Resources
- Web site for book
• http://WilliamStallings.com/COA6e.html
—links to sites of interest
—links to sites for courses that use the book
—errata list for book
—information on other books by W. Stallings
• http://WilliamStallings.com/StudentSupport.h
tml
—Math
—How-to
—Research resources
—Misc
17. Internet Resources
- Web sites to look for
• WWW Computer Architecture Home Page
• CPU Info Center
• ACM Special Interest Group on Computer
Architecture
• IEEE Technical Committee on Computer
Architecture
• Intel Technology Journal
• Manufacturer’s sites
—Intel, IBM, etc.
18. Internet Resources
- Usenet News Groups
• comp.arch
• comp.arch.arithmetic
• comp.arch.storage
• comp.parallel