Cytoplasmic inheritance
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This document discusses several genetics concepts and experiments including: coiling of shells in snails and their dextral and sinistral forms, the kappa particle found in Paramecium studied by T.M. Sonneborn in 1938, leaf variegation patterns in Mirabilis jalapa plants, and types of male sterility including genetic male sterility.
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CYTOPLASMIC INHERITANCE
CYTOPLASMIC INHERITANCEAnkit Kumar Dubey
Ìý
Contents
Introduction
Mitochondrial or maternal inheritance
Shell coiling in Snail(Limnaea pregra)
Plastidial or chloroplast inheritance
Leaf variegation in Mirabilis Jalapa
Inheritance Involving Infective Particles
Kappa particles in Paramecium
Signififcance
ReferencesCytoplasmic inheritance
Cytoplasmic inheritanceAashish Patel
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This document discusses Mendelian and non-Mendelian inheritance. It provides examples of cytoplasmic inheritance including the inheritance of chloroplast genes in Mirabilis jalapa, where the phenotype is determined by the genotype of the female parent through cytoplasmic/plastid transmission, not the genes in the nucleus. It also discusses inheritance involving cytoplasmic particles like kappa particles in Paramecium, which are transmitted maternally but whose production is controlled by nuclear genes. The key differences between Mendelian and non-Mendelian inheritance are summarized in a table.Chromosome theory of inheritance
Chromosome theory of inheritanceRajpal Choudhary
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The chromosome theory of inheritance states that chromosomes contain genes and are responsible for Mendel's principles of segregation and independent assortment during meiosis. Thomas Hunt Morgan's experiments with fruit flies led to the discovery of sex linkage, where genes on the X chromosome show different inheritance patterns between males and females. Nettie Stevens' analysis of beetle karyotypes revealed that females have two X chromosomes while males have one X and one Y chromosome, establishing the sex chromosome system. Morgan then used this information to propose X-linked inheritance for white eye color in fruit flies, providing support for the chromosome theory of inheritance.Chromosomal theory of inheritance
Chromosomal theory of inheritanceYuvaraj neelakandan
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This theory proposes that hereditary traits are transmitted from one generation to the next through chromosomes and gametes. Gametes contain only one set of chromosomes and fuse during fertilization to restore the paired chromosome condition. Chromosomes are replicated and passed from parents to offspring, behaving in accordance with Mendel's laws of inheritance and explaining the mechanism of inheritance. Sex is determined by sex chromosomes, which can be of the XX-XY, ZZ-ZW, or XX-XO types.Linkage
LinkageHarshraj Shinde
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- Linkage refers to the tendency of genes located near each other on the same chromosome to be inherited together during meiosis. This is because genes located close together on a chromosome move together to the same pole during cell division.
- There are different types of linkage based on whether crossing over occurs, the genes involved, and the chromosomes. Linkage can be complete or incomplete depending on the presence or absence of crossing over. It can involve dominant or recessive alleles.
- Linkage is detected through test crosses, where deviations from expected Mendelian ratios indicate genes are linked. The strength of linkage depends on distance between genes, with closer genes showing stronger linkage.EXTRA CHROMOSOMAL INHERITANCE
EXTRA CHROMOSOMAL INHERITANCEAshish Pratim Mahanta
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Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic traits from parent to offspring through cytoplasmic organelles like chloroplasts and mitochondria, rather than through nuclear genes. Three examples are given: (1) variegated leaves in four o'clock plants are inherited cytoplasmically, (2) streptomycin resistance in Chlamydomonas is inherited through chloroplasts, and (3) "poky" phenotype and abnormal cytochromes in Neurospora are inherited maternally through mitochondria. Cytoplasmic inheritance can also cause traits like cytoplasmic male sterility in plants. Maternal effects occur when the female parent's genotype influences offspring traits regardless of the male parent's genotype.Linkage mapping
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This document discusses linkage mapping, which involves determining the relative positions of genes on chromosomes based on how often they are inherited together through analysis of recombination frequencies during meiosis. It provides background on the history of linkage mapping and definitions of key terms like linkage, linkage mapping, linkage groups, and types of linkage (complete and incomplete). Examples are also given to illustrate linkage analysis through test crosses and calculation of recombination frequencies.Genic balance theory of bridges gynandromorphs
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the sex determination in
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The SWWE Regional Network were very pleased to welcome Aalok Sonawala, Head of PMO, National Programmes, Rider Levett Bucknall on 26 February, to BAWA for our first face to face event of 2025. Aalok is a member of APM’s Thames Valley Regional Network and also speaks to members of APM’s PMO Interest Network, which aims to facilitate collaboration and learning, offer unbiased advice and guidance.
Tonight, Aalok planned to discuss the importance of a PMO within project-based organisations, the different types of PMO and their key elements, PMO governance and centres of excellence.
PMO’s within an organisation can be centralised, hub and spoke with a central PMO with satellite PMOs globally, or embedded within projects. The appropriate structure will be determined by the specific business needs of the organisation. The PMO sits above PM delivery and the supply chain delivery teams.
For further information about the event please click here.Kaun TALHA quiz Finals -- El Dorado 2025
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1. To introduce the concept of computer and its various parts. 2. To explain the concept of data base management system and Management information system.
3. To provide insight about networking and basics of internet
Recall various terms of computer and its part
Understand the meaning of software, operating system, programming language and its features
Comparing Data Vs Information and its management system Understanding about various concepts of management information system
Explain about networking and elements based on internet
1. Recall the various concepts relating to computer and its various parts
2 Understand the meaning of software’s, operating system etc
3 Understanding the meaning and utility of database management system
4 Evaluate the various aspects of management information system
5 Generating more ideas regarding the use of internet for business purpose Kaun TALHA quiz Finals -- El Dorado 2025
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Cytoplasmic inheritance
- 2. Submitted by VIKAS KUMAR SINGH M. SC. (Ag), Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut GENERAL GENETICS ASSIGNMENT ON
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- 12. LEAF VARIEGATION IN Mirabilis jalapa Male sterility.
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- 15. Male sterility 1. Genetic Male Sterility