Domestic affairs of pakistan under yahya khan
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The document shows election results from East and West Pakistan in 1970, with the Awami League winning 160 seats out of 300 in East Pakistan, and the PPP winning 81 seats in West Pakistan. Tensions rose between the two parties, as the Awami League demanded greater autonomy for East Pakistan, leading to a civil war and the eventual independence of Bangladesh in 1971.
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Domestic affairs of pakistan under yahya khan
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The document shows election results from East and West Pakistan in 1970, with the Awami League winning 160 seats out of 300 in East Pakistan, and the PPP winning 81 seats in West Pakistan. Tensions rose between the two parties, as the Awami League demanded greater autonomy for East Pakistan, leading to a civil war and the eventual independence of Bangladesh in 1971.Zia ul haq era
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Ayub Khan came to power in Pakistan in 1958 through a military coup. During his rule from 1958-1969:
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As his father was politically active, Bhutto had learned
politics and its affairs from very early age.
In 1958, he became Pakistans youngest cabinet
minister. He was assigned ministry of Water and
Power.
He was then given ministry of Commerce,
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Close and trustworthy to Ayub Khan.
Indus Water Treaty and Oil Exploration Agreement.
1963, Bhutto became Foreign Minister.
Basic principle committee_interim_report_1950
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油
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Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was the founding father and leader of Bangladesh. He was born in 1920 and served as the country's first President from 1971-1975 and as Prime Minister from 1972 until his assassination in 1975. As a young man, he was involved in the independence movement from British rule and later advocated for greater autonomy and self-governance for East Pakistan within Pakistan. He was imprisoned several times for his political activities. His Awami League party won a decisive victory in the 1970 elections, giving him a mandate to push for greater self-rule, which led to Bangladesh declaring independence in 1971 after West Pakistan launched a violent crackdown. As the newly independent country's leader, Mujib faced enormous challengesPakistan
PakistanPaakhi Bhatnagar
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1. Pakistan gained independence from British rule in 1947 and adopted a parliamentary system of government. It was initially divided into two wings but East Pakistan later became the independent nation of Bangladesh after a war of independence.
2. The country has experienced periods of democratic civilian rule as well as martial law under military dictatorships. The current constitution was ratified in 1973 and establishes a federal parliamentary republic.
3. The government is composed of three branches - the executive branch led by the Prime Minister, the legislative branch made up of the parliament, and an independent judiciary headed by the Supreme Court.Zia ul hak by faiz
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General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq enforced martial law for the third time in Pakistan's history after overthrowing Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto's government in a 1977 coup. Zia promised to hold elections within 90 days but later postponed them and started an accountability process against politicians. Zia assumed the presidency in 1978 and introduced an advisory body called Majlis-e-Shoora while remaining the ultimate authority. Zia was elected president in a 1984 referendum and held non-party elections in 1985, increasing his powers through a constitutional amendment. Zia dissolved the national assembly and removed the prime minister in 1988, promising again to hold elections, but died in a plane crash before doing so.Causes of fall of east pakistan
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The document summarizes the key political events and causes of tensions that led to the separation of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) from Pakistan in 1971. It discusses:
1) Growing ethnic and economic tensions between East and West Pakistan since Pakistan's independence in 1947, with West Pakistan dominating political and economic power despite East Pakistan having a larger population.
2) The Awami League's electoral victory in 1970 based on its platform of greater autonomy for East Pakistan, and the military's refusal to convene the national assembly.
3) The breakdown of political negotiations in early 1971 and imposition of martial law in East Pakistan, leading to the Bangladesh Liberation War and its independence in December 1971.Recently uploaded (20)
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this content related to birth companionship, role of birth companion in care of mother and neonatal Regulation of tubular reabsorption _AntiCopy.pdf
Regulation of tubular reabsorption _AntiCopy.pdfMedicoseAcademics
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Title: Regulation of Tubular Reabsorption A Comprehensive Overview
Description:
This lecture provides a detailed and structured explanation of the mechanisms regulating tubular reabsorption in the kidneys. It explores how different physiological and hormonal factors influence glomerular filtration and reabsorption rates, ensuring fluid and electrolyte balance in the body.
Who Should Read This?
This presentation is designed for:
鏝 Medical Students (MBBS, BDS, Nursing, Allied Health Sciences) preparing for physiology exams.
鏝 Medical Educators & Professors looking for structured teaching material.
鏝 Healthcare Professionals (doctors, nephrologists, and physiologists) seeking a refresher on renal physiology.
鏝 Postgraduate Students & Researchers in the field of medical sciences and physiology.
What Youll Learn:
Local Regulation of Tubular Reabsorption
鏝 Glomerulo-Tubular Balance its mechanism and clinical significance
鏝 Net reabsorptive forces affecting peritubular capillaries
鏝 Role of peritubular hydrostatic and colloid osmotic pressures
Hormonal Regulation of Tubular Reabsorption
鏝 Effects of Aldosterone, Angiotensin II, ADH, and Natriuretic Peptides
鏝 Clinical conditions like Addisons disease & Conn Syndrome
鏝 Mechanisms of pressure natriuresis and diuresis
Nervous System Regulation
鏝 Sympathetic Nervous System activation and its effects on sodium reabsorption
Clinical Correlations & Case Discussions
鏝 How renal regulation is altered in hypertension, hypotension, and proteinuria
鏝 Comparison of Glomerulo-Tubular Balance vs. Tubulo-Glomerular Feedback
This presentation provides detailed diagrams, flowcharts, and calculations to enhance understanding and retention. Whether you are studying, teaching, or practicing medicine, this lecture will serve as a valuable resource for mastering renal physiology.
Keywords for Easy Search:
#Physiology #RenalPhysiology #TubularReabsorption #GlomeruloTubularBalance #HormonalRegulation #MedicalEducation #NephrologyAddressing Unmet Needs for Better Outcomes in DLBCL: Leveraging Prognostic As...
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