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Dr. Hamoud 1.ppt
- 1. Mechatronics Department Hydraulics and Pneumatics Systems Dr. Hamoud A. Al-Nahari Head of Mechanical Engineering Department
- 2. Textbook Fluid power with applications, Anthony Esposito , 7-th edition 2009
- 6. Use fluids as working media Convert electrical/mechanical energy into potential energy of fluids (pump, compressor) Transmit power through distribution lines (pipes, air hoses) Convert potential energy of fluids/compressed gas into mechanical energy that turns linear/rotary actuators
- 11. Applications
- 12. Steering and braking in automobiles
- 13. Spacecraft launcher Applications include landing gear, brakes, flight controls, motor controls and cargo loading equipment.
- 14. Harvests crop
- 15. Dental teeth drill Hydraulic Jack
- 16. Food industry
- 24. Pascals Law Pascal's law states that: "a change in the pressure of an enclosed incompressible fluid is conveyed undiminished to every part of the fluid and to the surfaces of its container. Force determined by pressure Speed determined by flow rate
- 46. Key components of Hydraulic and Pneumatic Pump/Compressor Pressure regulator Valve Actuator
- 49. Valves Infinite position valve as shown in figure on right: allows any position between open and closed to modulate flow or pressure Finite position valve: has discrete positions, usually just open and closed, providing different pressure and flow condition Ports: inlet and outlet connections to valve Finite position valve usually specified as x/y valve x: number of ports (sum of inlets and outlets) y: number of positions 4/3 valve: 4 ports and 3 positions Pressure regulator
- 50. Types of Valves Type: Spool, poppet, ball, butterfly valves, etc. Check valve (One directional flow) Poppet valve Spool valve Ball valve Butterfly valve
- 51. Valve symbols Control methods Valve connections Valves with controls indicated Position with texts indicates initial position
- 52. 4 ports/3 positions Solenoid Spool Valve
- 53. Example: Pneumatic lift system (analogous to car jack) Lift load Lower load
- 54. Hydraulic/Pneumatic actuators Cylinders with piston driven by pressurized fluid Single acting cylinder (SAC) Double acting cylinder (DAC) Two well-defined endpoints Rotary
- 55. Key parameters in choosing air cylinders Stroke length Bore size Pressure rating Mounting style Return type (SAC vs. DAC) Spring force in SAC Loads Temperature range Lubrication Material Compatibility Force
- 56. Example 2: Anti-Lock Braking System Regular Automobile Breaking System Includes: Hydraulic actuation Pneumatic power assist ABS includes additional features: sensors valves hydraulic pump control unit
- 57. Anti-lock Breaking System Wheel speed sensor Electric hydraulic pump Stores fluid in pressurized chamber Solenoid valves Open: braking pressure supplied directly from master cylinder (under normal conditions) Closed: isolate master cylinder pressure line (modulation) Release: applies stored pressure to blocked break lines (modulation) nitrogen pressurized fluid
- 59. Reference Mechatronics, by Sabri Cetinkunt, published by Wiley Introduction to Mechatronics and Measurement Systems, Second Edition, by David G. Alciatore and Michael B. Histand Mechatronics: Electronic Control Systems in Mechanical Engineering, by W. Bolton http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal%27s_law http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatic_cylinder http://www.bimba.com http://www.tpub.com/content/engine/14105
- 83. 2.6 Pascals Law Pascal's law states that: A change in the pressure of an enclosed incompressible fluid is conveyed undiminished to every part of the fluid and to the surfaces of its container
- 100. Viscosity Index ( VI )