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Dialogical self as
a meta-positioning perspective
for psychotherapy
Elena Grebenyuk, Russia
9-th Dialogical Self conference 7-10/09 2016 Lublin, Poland
Postmodern conditions
 Plurality of the psychotherapeutic and personal
development theories and practices
Plurality and changeability of the world we live in
In this situation therapists can follow
Purism: clear
commitment to one
psychotherapeutic
approach
How to choose it?
How to prevent rigidity
and blindness?
Eclecticism:
combination of
different approaches
How to choose them?
How to combine them?
How to prevent
messiness?
What if we look at
psychotherapy from the
perspective of Dialogical Self
theory?
Psychotherapy as a process of
constructing / performing self-
positions and relationships between
them and with the outer world
Construction? [is it an appropriate word?]
- Agency connotation - is not always suitable: it can be implicit
for a client and therapist
- Stability connotation (like we are making smth separate and
fixed)  so we can use the term performing for the processual
aspect
- Alternative metaphors? Changing, creation, growing, playing,
dancing
Two aspects of self-position
construction in therapy
Meta-level
What self-positions are
constructed by therapeutic
relationships, ways of
communication, implicit
and explicit assumptions
of the approach?
Working with self-
positions of the client
(or the close concepts)
What relationships does the
approach construct between
different self-positions of the
client between each other
and outer world?
Some ideas about meta-level
Different therapeutical approaches
construct different types of self-
positions and relationships, so they
can be described in terms of
their characteristics.
Probably, every approach offers
missing, deficient hero for its time &
culture.
Some ideas about meta-level
There are some widely useful positions for our time & culture.
For example:
 Personal agency
 Inner witness
 Inner therapist
 Self-compassion
 Meta-position
 Promoter positions
 etc.
Some ideas about meta-level
There are some widely useful communication qualities for our
time & culture. For example:
 Dialogue
 Joint action
 Polarities interaction / integration
 Development of repertoire, volume and diversity
 Development of flexibility, changeability, dynamic balance
 Body-mind integrity
Some of the differences between approaches
to self-positions work
Modern perspective Postmodern perspective
Subpersonalities etc Positions, voices
Located inside, more or less fixed Contextual, flexible and dispersed
Concrete & limited set of positions Can be anything
There are right/ wrong, good / bad
positions and types of relationships
Can be differently valuated
Implicit principles, norms and values Ability to explicate principles, norms and
values, change the reflective point
Non - specific to the context Attention to the social & cultural context
Hazards of modern
perspective
On the meta-level it produces
power relations: therapist
refers to expert knowledge,
client takes some kind of non-
expert, subjugated,
pathologized position
(Foucault, narrative approach
critique)
So, some of the principles in my work:
Meta-level
 Postmodern perspective informed by narrative approach
way of asking questions (Client as expert in his own life, support
of agency)
 Possibility to reflect on narrative practice: agency as vital, but
not the only option
So, some of the principles in my work:
Working with positions
 Relationships are primary: attention to the partner positions
(inner and outer), communication and dynamic qualities of
process
 All the positions and relationships can be embodied, lived and
changed through movement
References
 Handbook of Dialogical Self theory. Hermans H.J.M., Gieser T. (eds.) UK, Cambridge university
press, 2012.
 The Dialogical Self in Psychotherapy. Hermans H.J.M., Dimaggio G. (eds.) Routledge, NY, 2005.
 Hermans H.J.M., Hermans-Konopka A. Dialogical self theory: positioning and counter-positioning
in a globalizing society. UK, Cambridge university press, 2010.
 Hermans H.J. Self as a Society of I-Positions: A Dialogical Approach to Counseling // Journal of
Humanistic Counseling, July 2014, vol. 53, pp. 134  159.
 Rowan J. Personification. Using dialogical self in psychotherapy and counselling. NY: Routledge,
2010
 White M., Epston D. Narrative means to therapeutic ends. NY: A Norton professional book, 1991
Thank you and youre welcome to dialogue:
Elena.Grebenyuk@gmail.com
Images by Odilon Redon

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DS

  • 1. Dialogical self as a meta-positioning perspective for psychotherapy Elena Grebenyuk, Russia 9-th Dialogical Self conference 7-10/09 2016 Lublin, Poland
  • 2. Postmodern conditions Plurality of the psychotherapeutic and personal development theories and practices Plurality and changeability of the world we live in
  • 3. In this situation therapists can follow Purism: clear commitment to one psychotherapeutic approach How to choose it? How to prevent rigidity and blindness? Eclecticism: combination of different approaches How to choose them? How to combine them? How to prevent messiness?
  • 4. What if we look at psychotherapy from the perspective of Dialogical Self theory? Psychotherapy as a process of constructing / performing self- positions and relationships between them and with the outer world
  • 5. Construction? [is it an appropriate word?] - Agency connotation - is not always suitable: it can be implicit for a client and therapist - Stability connotation (like we are making smth separate and fixed) so we can use the term performing for the processual aspect - Alternative metaphors? Changing, creation, growing, playing, dancing
  • 6. Two aspects of self-position construction in therapy Meta-level What self-positions are constructed by therapeutic relationships, ways of communication, implicit and explicit assumptions of the approach? Working with self- positions of the client (or the close concepts) What relationships does the approach construct between different self-positions of the client between each other and outer world?
  • 7. Some ideas about meta-level Different therapeutical approaches construct different types of self- positions and relationships, so they can be described in terms of their characteristics. Probably, every approach offers missing, deficient hero for its time & culture.
  • 8. Some ideas about meta-level There are some widely useful positions for our time & culture. For example: Personal agency Inner witness Inner therapist Self-compassion Meta-position Promoter positions etc.
  • 9. Some ideas about meta-level There are some widely useful communication qualities for our time & culture. For example: Dialogue Joint action Polarities interaction / integration Development of repertoire, volume and diversity Development of flexibility, changeability, dynamic balance Body-mind integrity
  • 10. Some of the differences between approaches to self-positions work Modern perspective Postmodern perspective Subpersonalities etc Positions, voices Located inside, more or less fixed Contextual, flexible and dispersed Concrete & limited set of positions Can be anything There are right/ wrong, good / bad positions and types of relationships Can be differently valuated Implicit principles, norms and values Ability to explicate principles, norms and values, change the reflective point Non - specific to the context Attention to the social & cultural context
  • 11. Hazards of modern perspective On the meta-level it produces power relations: therapist refers to expert knowledge, client takes some kind of non- expert, subjugated, pathologized position (Foucault, narrative approach critique)
  • 12. So, some of the principles in my work: Meta-level Postmodern perspective informed by narrative approach way of asking questions (Client as expert in his own life, support of agency) Possibility to reflect on narrative practice: agency as vital, but not the only option
  • 13. So, some of the principles in my work: Working with positions Relationships are primary: attention to the partner positions (inner and outer), communication and dynamic qualities of process All the positions and relationships can be embodied, lived and changed through movement
  • 14. References Handbook of Dialogical Self theory. Hermans H.J.M., Gieser T. (eds.) UK, Cambridge university press, 2012. The Dialogical Self in Psychotherapy. Hermans H.J.M., Dimaggio G. (eds.) Routledge, NY, 2005. Hermans H.J.M., Hermans-Konopka A. Dialogical self theory: positioning and counter-positioning in a globalizing society. UK, Cambridge university press, 2010. Hermans H.J. Self as a Society of I-Positions: A Dialogical Approach to Counseling // Journal of Humanistic Counseling, July 2014, vol. 53, pp. 134 159. Rowan J. Personification. Using dialogical self in psychotherapy and counselling. NY: Routledge, 2010 White M., Epston D. Narrative means to therapeutic ends. NY: A Norton professional book, 1991
  • 15. Thank you and youre welcome to dialogue: Elena.Grebenyuk@gmail.com Images by Odilon Redon

Editor's Notes

  • #2: Couple of words about my background: Im psychologist, working with student in universities and in private practice. I was educated as dance-movement therapist and narrative practitioner so, Im working in, interested in applying poststructuralist/ postmodern/ constructionist worldview and methodology for psychotherapy, including body and movement. Thats how I found DS it became a tool for combining DMT&NP, for reflective point on NP.
  • #3: So, I was in such a situation (as my other colleagues) are in the postmodern
  • #4: DS can be an answer on these questions
  • #11: Difference of position (Rowan) less reification, more than personality E.g. Bern, E.g. bad - victim or inner critique subpersonality or inner conflict or disintegration; good integration, acceptance Thats what is wrong about modern perspective; and whats not enough for
  • #12: Even in texts in DS paradigm I find this aspect not so explicit. But what I find useful it allows to take another point to look at NP and widen the perspective